Embracing variability in the search for biological mechanisms of psychiatric illness DOI Open Access
Ashlea Segal, Jeggan Tiego, Alexander Holmes

et al.

Published: June 25, 2024

Despite decades of research, we lack objective diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers mental health problems. A key reason for this limited progress is a reliance on the traditional case-control paradigm, which assumes that each disorder has single cause can be uncovered by comparing average phenotypic values cases and control samples. Here, discuss problematic assumptions paradigm based highlight recent efforts seek to characterize, rather than minimize, inherent clinical biological variability characterizes psychiatric populations. We argue embracing such will necessary understand pathophysiological mechanisms develop more targeted effective treatments.

Language: Английский

Mapping Neurophysiological Subtypes of Major Depressive Disorder Using Normative Models of the Functional Connectome DOI

Xiaoyi Sun,

Jinrong Sun,

Xiaowen Lu

et al.

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 94(12), P. 936 - 947

Published: June 7, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

37
Disentangling the role of gray matter volume and concentration in autism spectrum disorder: A meta-analytic investigation of 25 years of voxel-based morphometry research DOI Creative Commons
Donato Liloia, Denisa Adina Zamfira, Masaru Tanaka

et al.

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 164, P. 105791 - 105791

Published: July 2, 2024

Despite over two decades of neuroimaging research, a unanimous definition the pattern structural variation associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has yet to be found. One potential impeding issue could sometimes ambiguous use measurements variations in gray matter volume (GMV) or concentration (GMC). In fact, while both can calculated using voxel-based morphometry analysis, these may reflect different underlying pathological mechanisms. We conducted coordinate-based meta-analysis, keeping apart GMV and GMC studies subjects ASD. Results showed distinct non-overlapping patterns for measures. decreases were evident cerebellum, mainly found temporal frontal regions. increases parietal, temporal, brain regions, observed anterior cingulate cortex middle gyrus. Age-stratified analyses suggested that such are dynamic across ASD lifespan. The present findings emphasize importance considering as synergistic indices research.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
The power of many brains: Catalyzing neuropsychiatric discovery through open neuroimaging data and large-scale collaboration DOI Creative Commons
Bin Lü, Xiao Chen, F. Xavier Castellanos

et al.

Science Bulletin, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 69(10), P. 1536 - 1555

Published: March 6, 2024

Recent advances in open neuroimaging data are enhancing our comprehension of neuropsychiatric disorders. By pooling images from various cohorts, statistical power has increased, enabling the detection subtle abnormalities and robust associations, fostering new research methods. Global collaborations imaging have furthered knowledge neurobiological foundations brain disorders aided imaging-based prediction for more targeted treatment. Large-scale magnetic resonance initiatives driving innovation analytics supporting generalizable psychiatric studies. We also emphasize significant role big understanding neural mechanisms early identification precise treatment However, challenges such as harmonization across different sites, privacy protection, effective sharing must be addressed. With proper governance science practices, we conclude with a projection how large-scale resources could revolutionize diagnosis, selection, outcome prediction, contributing to optimal health.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Bioethical and Critical Consciousness in Clinical Translational Neuroscience DOI Creative Commons
Angela Fang, Riana Elyse Anderson, Sierra Carter

et al.

Journal of Clinical and Translational Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 27

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Clinical translational neuroscience (CTN) is positioned to generate novel discoveries for advancing treatments mental health disorders, but it held back today by the siloing of bioethical considerations from critical consciousness. In this article, we suggest that and consciousness can be paired intersect with structures power within which science clinical practice are conducted. We examine barriers adoption findings in perspective, especially context current collective attention widespread disparities access outcomes services, lack representation marginalized populations relevant sectors workforce, importance knowledge draws upon multicultural perspectives. provide 10 actionable solutions confront these CTN research, as informed existing frameworks such structural competency, adaptive calibration models, community-based participatory research. By integrating considerations, believe practitioners will better benefit cutting-edge research biological social sciences than past, alert biases equipped mitigate them, poised shepherd a robust generation future therapies practitioners.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Common neuroanatomical differential factors underlying heterogeneous gray matter volume variations in five common psychiatric disorders DOI Creative Commons
Shaoqiang Han,

Ya Qiang Tian,

Ruiping Zheng

et al.

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Multifaceted evidence has shown that psychiatric disorders share common neurobiological mechanisms. However, the tremendous inter-individual heterogeneity among patients with limits trans-diagnostic studies case-control designs, aimed at identifying clinically promising neuroimaging biomarkers. This study aims to identify neuroanatomical differential factors (ND factors) underlying gray matter volume variations in five disorders. We leverage 4 independent datasets of 878 diagnosed and 585 healthy controls (HCs) shared ND individualized variations. Individualized are represented linear weighted sum factors, each case is assigned a unique factor composition, thus preserving interindividual variation. four robust can be generalized unseen show significant association group-level morphological abnormalities, reconciling individual- characterized by dissociable cognitive processes, molecular signatures, connectome-informed epicenters. Moreover, using compositions as features, we discover two transdiagnostic subtypes opposite relative HCs. In conclusion, reproducible underlie highly heterogeneous abnormalities Shared explain These

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Polygenic scores for autism are associated with reduced neurite density in adults and children from the general population DOI Creative Commons
Yuanjun Gu, Eva-Maria Stauffer, Saashi A. Bedford

et al.

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Abstract Genetic variants linked to autism are thought change cognition and behaviour by altering the structure function of brain. Although a substantial body literature has identified structural brain differences in autism, it is unknown whether autism-associated common genetic changes cortical macro- micro-structure. We investigated this using neuroimaging data from adults (UK Biobank, N = 31,748) children (ABCD, 4928). Using polygenic scores correlations we observe robust negative association between for magnetic resonance imaging derived phenotype neurite density (intracellular volume fraction) general population. This result consistent across both adults, cortex white matter tracts, confirmed correlations. There were no sex association. Mendelian randomisation analyses provide evidence causal relationship intracellular fraction, although should be revisited better powered instruments. Overall, study provides shared variant genetics density.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Functional Connectome–Based Predictive Modeling in Autism DOI
Corey Horien, Dorothea L. Floris, Abigail S. Greene

et al.

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 92(8), P. 626 - 642

Published: April 26, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

33
Deep learning based joint fusion approach to exploit anatomical and functional brain information in autism spectrum disorders DOI Creative Commons
Sara Saponaro, Francesca Lizzi,

Giacomo Serra

et al.

Brain Informatics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

Abstract Background: The integration of the information encoded in multiparametric MRI images can enhance performance machine-learning classifiers. In this study, we investigate whether combination structural and functional might improve performances a deep learning (DL) model trained to discriminate subjects with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) respect typically developing controls (TD). Material methods We analyzed both brain scans publicly available within ABIDE I II data collections. considered 1383 male age between 5 40 years, including 680 ASD 703 TD from 35 different acquisition sites. extracted morphometric features Freesurfer CPAC analysis packages, respectively. Then, due multisite nature dataset, implemented harmonization protocol. vs. classification was carried out multiple-input DL model, consisting neural network which generates fixed-length feature representation each modality (FR-NN), Dense Neural Network for (C-NN). Specifically, joint fusion approach multiple source integration. main advantage latter is that loss propagated back FR-NN during training, thus creating informative representations modality. C-NN, number layers neurons per layer be optimized performs ASD-TD discrimination. evaluated by computing Area under Receiver Operating Characteristic curve nested 10-fold cross-validation. drive were identified SHAP explainability framework. Results AUC values 0.66±0.05 0.76±0.04 obtained discrimination when only or are considered, led an 0.78±0.04. set connectivity as most important two-class supports idea changes tend occur individuals regions belonging Default Mode Social Brain. Conclusions Our results demonstrate multimodal outperforms acquired single it efficiently exploits complementarity information.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Brain-charting autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder reveals distinct and overlapping neurobiology DOI Creative Commons
Saashi A. Bedford, Meng‐Chuan Lai, Michael Lombardo

et al.

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions with complex underlying neurobiology that is still poorly understood. Despite overlapping presentation sex-biased prevalence, autism ADHD rarely studied together sex differences often overlooked. Population modeling, referred to as normative provides a unified framework for studying age-specific sex-specific divergences in brain development.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
COVID-19 lockdown effects on adolescent brain structure suggest accelerated maturation that is more pronounced in females than in males DOI Creative Commons
Neva M. Corrigan, Ariel Rokem, Patricia K. Kuhl

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(38)

Published: Sept. 9, 2024

Adolescence is a period of substantial social–emotional development, accompanied by dramatic changes to brain structure and function. Social isolation due lockdowns that were imposed because the COVID-19 pandemic had detrimental impact on adolescent mental health, with health females more affected than males. We assessed focus sex differences. collected MRI structural data longitudinally from adolescents prior after lockdowns. The pre-COVID used create normative model cortical thickness change age during typical development. Cortical values in post-COVID compared this model. analysis revealed accelerated thinning brain, which was widespread throughout greater magnitude When measured terms equivalent years mean acceleration found be 4.2 y 1.4 Accelerated maturation as result chronic stress or adversity development has been well documented. These findings suggest lifestyle disruptions associated caused biology severe female male brain.

Language: Английский

Citations

8