Publication guidelines for human heart rate and heart rate variability studies in psychophysiology—Part 1: Physiological underpinnings and foundations of measurement

Psychophysiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 61(9)

Published: June 14, 2024

This Committee Report provides methodological, interpretive, and reporting guidance for researchers who use measures of heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) in psychophysiological research. We provide brief summaries best practices measuring HR HRV via electrocardiographic photoplethysmographic signals laboratory, field (ambulatory), brain-imaging contexts to address research questions incorporating HRV. The emphasizes evidence the strengths weaknesses different recording derivation methods Along with this guidance, reviews what is known about origin heartbeat its neural control, including factors that produce influence metrics. concludes checklists guide authors study design analysis considerations, as well on key methodological details characteristics samples under study. It expected rigorous transparent will strengthen inferences across many applications these metrics psychophysiology. prior Reports are several decades old. Since their appearance, technologies human cardiac vascular monitoring laboratory daily life (i.e., ambulatory) have greatly expanded. was prepared Society Psychophysiological Research updated interpretive summarize studies humans.

Language: Английский

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The vagal paradox: A polyvagal solution

Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16, P. 100200 - 100200

Published: Aug. 9, 2023

Although there is a consistent literature documenting that vagal cardioinhibitory pathways support homeostatic functions, another less frequently cited implicates in compromises to survival humans and other mammals. The latter usually associated with threat reactions, chronic stress, potentially lethal clinical conditions such as hypoxia. Solving this 'vagal paradox' studies conducted the neonatal intensive care unit served motivator for Polyvagal Theory (PVT). paradox resolved when different functions of fibers originating two anatomically distinguishable brainstem areas are recognized. One pathway originates dorsal area known motor nucleus vagus ventral ambiguus. Unlike mammals, all ancestral vertebrates from which mammals evolved, primarily originate vagus. Thus, nerve 'poly' because it contains distinct efferent pathways. Developmental evolutionary biology identify migration culminate an integrated circuit has been labeled complex. This complex consists interneuronal communication source nuclei involved regulating striated muscles head face via special visceral system enables coordination regulation heart sucking, swallowing, breathing, vocalizing forms basis social engagement allows sociality be potent neuromodulator resulting calm states promote function. These biobehavioral features, dependent on maturation complex, can compromised preterm infants. informs us immature mammal (e.g., fetus, infant) not fully functional myelinization complete; neuroanatomical profile may potentiate impact vulnerability confirmed clinically life-threatening reactions apnea bradycardia human newborns, hypothetically mediated through chronotropic Neuroanatomical research documents distribution neurons representing these varies among changes during early development. By explaining solution human, paper highlights provides scientific foundation testing hypotheses generated by PVT.

Language: Английский

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Fundamental challenges and likely refutations of the five basic premises of the polyvagal theory

Biological Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 180, P. 108589 - 108589

Published: May 1, 2023

The polyvagal collection of hypotheses is based upon five essential premises, as stated by its author (Porges, 2011). Polyvagal conjectures rest on a primary assumption that brainstem ventral and dorsal vagal regions in mammals each have their own unique mediating effects control heart rate. link these putative dorsal- vs. ventral-vagal differences to socioemotional behavior (e.g. defensive immobilization, social affiliative behaviors, respectively), well trends the evolution vagus nerve Porges, 2011 & 2021a). Additionally, it note only one measurable phenomenon—as index processes—serves linchpin for virtually every premise. That phenomenon respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), heart-rate changes coordinated phase respiration (i.e. inspiration expiration), often employed an vagally, or parasympathetically, mediated assume RSA mammalian phenomenon, since Porges (2011) states "RSA has not been observed reptiles." I will here briefly document how basic premises shown be either untenable highly implausible available scientific literature. also argue reliance equivalent general tone even cardiac conceptually category mistake (Ryle, 1949), confusing approximate RSA) (some process) with itself.

Language: Английский

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The vagus nerve: An old but new player in brain–body communication

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), vagal tone and biobehavioral integration: Beyond parasympathetic function

Biological Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 186, P. 108739 - 108739

Published: Dec. 25, 2023

Linchpin to the entire area of psychophysiological research and discussion vagus is respiratory cardiovascular phenomenon known as sinus arrhythmia (RSA; often synonymous with high-frequency heart-rate variability when it specifically linked frequency), i.e. rhythmic fluctuations in heart rate synchronized inspiration expiration. This article aims 1) clarify concepts, terms measures commonly employed during last half century scientific literature, which relate vagal function psychological processes general aspects health; 2) expand upon an earlier theoretical model, emphasizing importance RSA well beyond current focus parasympathetic mechanisms. A close examination its relations may dispel certain held beliefs about associations between functioning, nervous system (for nerve plays a major role), offer fresh perspectives likely functions adaptive significance RSA, RSA's relationship control. neither invariably reliable index cardiac tone nor central outflow heart. The model here presented posits that represents evolutionarily entrenched, significantly contributes meeting continuously changing metabolic, energy behavioral demands.

Language: Английский

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Signal processing in the vagus nerve: Hypotheses based on new genetic and anatomical evidence

Biological Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 182, P. 108626 - 108626

Published: July 6, 2023

Each organism must regulate its internal state in a metabolically efficient way as it interacts space and time with an ever-changing only partly predictable world. Success this endeavor is largely determined by the ongoing communication between brain body, vagus nerve crucial structure that dialogue. In review, we introduce novel hypothesis afferent engaged signal processing rather than just relay. New genetic structural evidence of vagal fiber anatomy motivates two hypotheses: (1) sensory signals informing on physiological body compute both spatial temporal viscerosensory features they ascend nerve, following patterns found other architectures, such visual olfactory systems; (2) ascending descending modulate one another, calling into question strict segregation motor signals, respectively. Finally, discuss several implications our hypotheses for understanding role predictive energy regulation (i.e., allostasis) well metabolic memory disorders prediction (e.g., mood disorders).

Language: Английский

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Motor Dysfunctions in Fibromyalgia Patients: The Importance of Breathing

Open Access Rheumatology Research and Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 16, P. 55 - 66

Published: March 1, 2024

The classification of fibromyalgia (FM) is not always immediate and simple, with the time from first diagnosis, compared to onset symptoms, a few years. Currently, we do have instrumental or biochemical tests considered as gold standards; clinician will make diagnosis FM based on patient's medical history subjective assessment. symptoms can involve physical, cognitive psychological disorders, presence pain different origins classifications: nociplastic, nociceptive neuropathic pain. Among highlighted, postural disorders neuromotor uncoordination emerge, whose functional dysfunctions increase mortality morbidity rate. An alteration diaphragm muscle could generate such motor problems. Considering that current literature underestimates importance breathing in FM, article aims highlight relationship between diaphragmatic difficulties patient, soliciting new points view for clinical therapeutic framework.

Language: Английский

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The Importance of the Diaphragm in Neuromotor Function in the Patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

International Journal of COPD, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 837 - 848

Published: May 1, 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a constant and chronic narrowing of the respiratory airways, with numerous associated symptoms, not always related to pathological adaptation lungs. Statistical projections show that COPD could become third leading cause death globally by 2030, significant increase in deaths 2060. Skeletal muscle dysfunction, including diaphragm, one causes linked mortality hospitalization. Little emphasis given scientific literature importance diaphragm towards functional neuromotor expressions. The article reviews skeletal muscles, greater attention adaptations thereby highlighting non-physiological variations main undergoes impairment found COPD. text be an important reflection from clinical rehabilitation point view, direct function muscle.

Language: Английский

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A theoretical exploration of polyvagal theory in creative arts and psychomotor therapies for emotion regulation in stress and trauma

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: May 22, 2024

Polyvagal theory advocates for working with the body, becoming aware of body and connecting senses. Similarly, paying attention to influencing one’s physical sensory experience is a core aspect creative arts psychomotor therapies. offers opportunities strengthening resilience by treating emotion-regulation problems, stress, trauma, as well restoring regulation autonomic nervous system. Paying experiences are aspects This theoretical paper explores how polyvagal can serve foundational support therapies emotion in stress trauma. A number pillars have links therapies, such an emphasis on situations safety or threat. may offer insight into role stressful situations, co-and self-regulation, thus functioning rationale use Through interventions focused promoting healthy responses regulating physiological responses, clients learn better regulate process their emotional experiences. Although this could be broadly useful, it would seem particularly promising article provides introduction outlines explanatory, hypothetical model mechanisms that underlie The application PVT will explored describing techniques “noticing naming” “learning change,” highlighting therapeutic relationship. It case examples discusses conceptualized line theory.

Language: Английский

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A Light in the Darkness: Early Phases of Development and the Emergence of Cognition

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 72, P. 101527 - 101527

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

During the prenatal period, major brain development milestones are posed and calibrated through different mechanisms, among which endogenous activity, that prepares "system" to face external environment. However, specific nature of human nervous system, intended for plasticity is varied by area prolonged over time, requires much time environmental experiences shape cerebral circuitries. Therefore, neonate completely depends on caregiver, during first months postnatal life, it exhibits a transitory limited repertoire behaviors skills favors mother in her new role. This condition will gradually give way more mature competencies, within 2 years age. review takes perspective early attempts trace remarkable changes from in-utero period second year posing bridge between neurobiological substrate behavioral development. We based our work "normal" development, pointing out risks inherent any process.

Language: Английский

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