Immunobiology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
230(3), P. 152895 - 152895
Published: March 22, 2025
Tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs)
are
pivotal
in
shaping
the
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
during
cancer
progression.
Emerging
evidence
indicates
that
dysregulation
of
key
signaling
pathways
cells
drives
secretion
various
cytokines,
modulating
TAMs
function.
This
study
aimed
to
explore
how
glioblastoma
regulate
and
establish
a
TME
conducive
immune
escape.
In
previous
bioinformatics
studies,
we
identified
abnormally
expressed
genes
patients.
Among
them,
metabolism-related
protein
APOE
garnered
particular
attention.
We
generated
U87
U251
cell
lines
with
altered
expression
evaluate
invasion,
migration,
inflammatory
cytokine
through
scratch
assays,
Transwell
ELISA,
respectively.
Additionally,
established
co-culture
system
monocytes
THP-1
assess
impact
shAPOE
on
macrophage
polarization
using
flow
cytometry,
Western
blot,
immunofluorescence
techniques.
Knockdown
significantly
reduced
viability,
migration
capabilities
cells.
ELISA
results
also
showed
knockdown
secreted
higher
levels
IL-6,
IL-12,
TNF-α,
while
CCL5
TGF-β
was
markedly
reduced.
observed
M1/M2
ratio
monocytes,
CCR5
inhibition
further
decreasing
M2
proportions.
Immunofluorescence
analysis
revealed
reduction
dependent
CCL5.
Our
findings
indicate
suppresses
secretion,
enhancing
production
tumor-suppressive
cytokines.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(19), P. 10414 - 10414
Published: Sept. 27, 2024
Acral
melanoma
(AM)
is
a
subtype
of
cutaneous
located
on
the
palms,
soles,
and
nails.
The
pathogenesis
AM
involves
mechanical
stimulation
characteristic
tumor-promoting
mutations,
such
as
those
in
British Journal of Dermatology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 23, 2024
Abstract
Background
Combination
immune
checkpoint
blockade
targeting
programmed
cell
death
protein
1
(PD-1)
and
cytotoxic
T-lymphocyte
associated
4
(CTLA-4)
leads
to
high
response
rates
improved
survival
in
patients
with
advanced
cutaneous
melanoma
(CM).
Less
is
known
about
the
efficacy
of
this
combination
acral
lentiginous
(ALM).
Objectives
To
determine
PD-1
CTLA-4
a
diverse,
real-world
population
ALM.
Methods
This
multi-institutional
retrospective
study
analysed
histologically
confirmed
ALM
treated
inhibitors
between
2010
2022.
The
primary
objective
was
rate
(ORR)
as
per
RECIST
criteria.
secondary
objectives
were
progression-free
(PFS)
overall
(OS).
Results
In
total,
109
combined
any
line
treatment
included.
majority
had
stage
IV
disease
(n
=
81;
74.3%).
ORR
for
entire
cohort
18.3%
[95%
confidence
interval
(CI)
11.6–26.9],
9
(8.3%)
complete
11
(10.1%)
partial
responses.
A
further
22
(20.2%)
stable
disease,
control
38.5%.
Median
PFS
4.2
months
(95%
CI
3.25–5.62),
while
median
OS
17
12.4–23.1).
Ninety-five
(87.2%)
treatment-related
adverse
event,
40.4%
44/109)
experiencing
at
least
one
grade
3
or
toxicity.
Elevated
lactate
dehydrogenase
(P
0.04),
≥
2
lines
prior
0.03)
Asian
ethnicity
0.04)
worse
OS,
Hispanic/Latino
better
0.02).
Conclusions
less
effective
than
CM,
despite
similar
particular,
appear
derive
benefit
from
regimen.
Novel
approaches
are
needed
rare
subtype.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Dec. 19, 2024
A
comprehensive
understanding
of
tumor
heterogeneity,
microenvironment
and
the
mechanisms
drug
resistance
is
fundamental
to
advancing
breast
cancer
research.
While
single-cell
RNA
sequencing
has
resolved
issue
"temporal
dynamic
expression"
genes
at
level,
lack
spatial
information
still
prevents
us
from
gaining
a
cancer.
The
introduction
application
transcriptomics
addresses
this
limitation.
As
annual
technical
method
2020,
preserves
location
tissues
resolves
RNA-seq
data
help
localize
differentiate
active
expression
functional
within
specific
tissue
region,
enabling
study
attributes
gene
locations
cellular
environments.
In
context
cancer,
can
assist
in
identification
novel
subtypes
spatially
discriminative
features
that
show
promise
for
individualized
precise
treatment.
This
article
summarized
key
approaches,
recent
advances
its
applications
discusses
limitations
current
methods
prospects
future
development,
with
view
technology
clinical
practice.
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 24, 2024
Abstract
Acral
melanoma,
which
is
not
ultraviolet
(UV)-associated,
the
most
common
type
of
melanoma
in
several
low-
and
middle-income
countries
including
Mexico.
Latin
American
samples
are
significantly
underrepresented
global
cancer
genomics
studies,
directly
affects
patients
these
regions
as
it
known
that
risk
incidence
may
be
influenced
by
ancestry
environmental
exposures.
To
address
this,
here
we
characterise
genome
transcriptome
128
acral
tumours
from
96
Mexican
patients,
a
population
notable
because
its
genetic
admixture.
Compared
with
other
studies
found
fewer
frequent
mutations
classical
driver
genes
such
BRAF
,
NRAS
or
NF1
.
While
had
predominantly
Amerindian
ancestry,
those
higher
European
increased
frequency
lower
number
structural
variants.
These
-mutated
have
transcriptional
profile
similar
to
cutaneous
non-volar
melanocytes,
suggesting
melanomas
arise
distinct
cell
origin
compared
arising
locations.
KIT
were
subset
tumours,
profiling
defined
three
expression
clusters;
characteristics
associated
overall
survival.
We
highlight
novel
low-frequency
drivers,
SPHKAP
correlate
genomic
clinical
characteristics.
Our
study
enhances
knowledge
this
understudied
disease
underscores
importance
diverse
ancestries
studies.
Biomarker Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(1)
Published: Oct. 29, 2024
Abstract
Uterine
sarcoma
(US)
is
a
rare
malignant
tumor
that
has
various
pathological
types
and
high
heterogeneity
in
the
female
reproductive
system.
Its
subtle
early
symptoms,
frequent
recurrence,
resistance
to
radiation
chemotherapy
make
prognosis
for
US
patients
very
poor.
Therefore,
understanding
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
tumorigenesis
progression
essential
an
accurate
diagnosis
targeted
therapy
improve
patient
outcomes.
Recent
advancements
high-throughput
sequencing
have
allowed
deeper
of
diseases
through
multi-omics
technologies.
In
this
review,
latest
progress
future
potential
technologies
research
examined,
their
roles
biomarker
discovery
application
precise
treatment
are
highlighted.
