miRNA: A Promising Therapeutic Target in Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(19), P. 11502 - 11502

Published: Sept. 29, 2022

microRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate several genes post-transcriptionally by complementarity pairing. Since discovery, they have been reported to be involved in a variety of biological functions and pathologies including cancer. In cancer, can act as tumor suppressor or oncomiR depending on the cell type. Studies shown miRNA-based therapy, either inhibiting an inducing suppressor, is effective cancer treatment. This review focusses role miRNA therapeutic approaches with miRNAs how effectively delivered into system. We also summarized patents clinical trials progress for therapy.

Language: Английский

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Exosomes as bio-inspired nanocarriers for RNA delivery: preparation and applications

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: March 14, 2022

Abstract Nanocarriers as drug/biomolecule delivery systems have been significantly developed during recent decades. Given the stability, reasonable efficiency, and safety of nanocarriers, there are several barriers in fulfillment successful clinical application these systems. These challenges encouraged drug researchers to establish innovative nanocarriers with longer circulation time, high compatibility. Exosomes extracellular nanometer-sized vesicles released through various cells. serve possessing great potential overcome some obstacles encountered gene due their natural affinity recipient cells inherent capability shuttle genes, lipids, proteins, RNAs between So far, has a lot valuable research on by exosomes, but RNA delivery, especially mRNA, is very limited. Since mRNA-based vaccines therapies recently gained particular prominence diseases, it essential find suitable system large size destructive nature nucleic acids. That's why we're going take look at unique features exosomes isolation loading methods, embrace this idea that exosome-mediated would be introduced efficient strategy disease treatment within near future. Graphical

Language: Английский

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The potential use of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes as microRNAs delivery systems in different diseases

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting mRNA. Moreover, it has been shown miRNAs changed in various diseases, such as cancers, autoimmune disease, infectious and neurodegenerative Diseases. The suppression miRNA function can be easily attained utilizing anti-miRNAs. In contrast, an enhancement achieved through the utilization modified mimetics. discovery appropriate carriers body become interesting subject for investigators. Exosomes (EXOs) therapeutic efficiency safety transferring different cellular biological components to recipient cell have attracted significant attention their capability carriers. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) recognized generate wide range EXOs (MSC-EXOs), showing MSCs may effective EXO generation clinically measure compared other origins. MSC-EXOs widely investigated because immune attributes, tumor-homing flexible characteristics. this article, we summarized features MSC-EXOs, including production, purification, loading methods modification targeted delivery diseases. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

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High-throughput quantitative detection of triple-negative breast cancer-associated expressed miRNAs by rolling circle amplification on fluorescence-encoded microspheres

Chinese Chemical Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(9), P. 108141 - 108141

Published: Jan. 11, 2023

Language: Английский

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Engineered exosomes and composite biomaterials for tissue regeneration

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 2099 - 2126

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Exosomes, which are small vesicles enclosed by a lipid bilayer and released many cell types, widely dispersed have garnered increased attention in the field of regenerative medicine due to their ability serve as indicators diseases agents with therapeutic potential. Exosomes play crucial role mediating intercellular communication through transfer biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, RNA, other molecular constituents, between cells. The targeted transport proteins nucleic acids specific cells has potential enhance or impair biological functions. applications, they can be used alone combination approaches. examination unique attributes functions these factors emerged prominent study realm biomedical research. This manuscript summarizes origins properties exosomes, structural, biological, physical, chemical aspects. paper offers complete recent progress tissue repair medicine, emphasizing possible implications methods forthcoming regeneration attempts.

Language: Английский

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Lipid carriers for mRNA delivery

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 4105 - 4126

Published: Nov. 30, 2022

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is the template for protein biosynthesis and emerging as an essential active molecule to combat various diseases, including viral infection cancer. Especially, mRNA-based vaccines, a new type of vaccine, have played leading role in fighting against current global pandemic COVID-19. However, inherent drawbacks, large size, negative charge, instability, hinder its use therapeutic agent. Lipid carriers are distinguishable promising vehicles mRNA delivery, owning capacity encapsulate deliver negatively charged drugs targeted tissues release cargoes at desired time. Here, we first summarized structure properties different lipid carriers, such liposomes, liposome-like nanoparticles, solid lipid-polymer hybrid nanoemulsions, exosomes lipoprotein particles, their applications delivering mRNA. Then, development lipid-based formulations vaccine delivery systems was discussed highlighted. Recent advancements COVID-19 were emphasized. Finally, described our future vision perspectives this field.

Language: Английский

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Exosome regulation of immune response mechanism: Pros and cons in immunotherapy

Bioactive Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32, P. 124 - 146

Published: Oct. 4, 2023

Due to its multiple features, including the ability orchestrate remote communication between different tissues, exosomes are extracellular vesicles arousing highest interest in scientific community. Their size, established as an average of 30-150 nm, allows them be easily uptaken by most cells. According type cells-derived exosomes, they may carry specific biomolecular cargoes used reprogram cells interacting with. In certain circumstances, stimulate immune response facilitating or amplifying release foreign antigens-killing cells, inflammatory factors, antibodies (immune activation). Meanwhile, other cases, efficiently malignant elements such cancer mislead recognition mechanism, carrying and transferring their cancerous distant healthy thus contributing antigenic invasion suppression). Exosome dichotomic patterns upon system regulation present broad advantages immunotherapy. Its perfect comprehension, from early biogenesis interaction with recipient will promote a significant enhancement immunotherapy employing molecular biology, nanomedicine, nanotechnology.

Language: Английский

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Surface Engineering of HEK293 Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Improved Pharmacokinetic Profile and Targeted Delivery of IL-12 for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 209 - 223

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered a promising drug delivery platform.Naïve EVs face numerous issues that limit their applications, such as fast clearance, hepatic accumulations, and lack of target-specific tropism.We aimed to explore series surface engineering approaches to: 1) reduce the non-specific adhesion EVs, 2) improve enrichment in target tissue.As proof-of-concept, we investigated therapeutic potentials multi-modal system carrying tumor-specific nanobody immuno-stimulant interleukin-12 (IL12) using vivo models hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods: The major cell molecule on HEK293-derived integrin β1 (ITGB1), was knocked out (KO) by CRISPR/ Cas9-mediated gene editing, followed deglycosylation generate ITGB1 -Deg for subsequent pharmacokinetic biodistribution analyses.ITGB1 were further loaded with glypican-3 (GPC3)-specific (HN3) mouse singlechain IL12 (mscIL12) -mscIL12 + HN3 Deg evaluation tumor tropism potential mice model carcinoma.Results: Removal led broad suppression integrins surface, resulting decrease cellular uptake.Deglycosylation -EVs gave rise inhibition uptake activated RAW264.7 cells.ITGB1 removal did not significantly alter behaviors HEK293-EVs, whereas exhibited enhanced systemic exposure reduced accumulation.Loading conferred both subcutaneous metastasized tumors mice.The splenocytes high potency.Systemic administration equivalent dose 1.5µg/kg exosomal achieved satisfactory growth good tolerability. Conclusion:The combinatorial approach HEK293-EVs clearance targeting efficacy, which constituted an efficient platform critical cancer therapeutics like IL12.

Language: Английский

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Advances in MicroRNA Therapeutics: from Preclinical to Clinical Studies

Human Gene Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(17-18), P. 628 - 648

Published: Aug. 16, 2024

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of gene expression involved in various pathophysiological processes. Their ability to modulate multiple pathways simultaneously and their involvement numerous diseases make miRNAs attractive tools targets therapeutic development. Significant efforts have been made advance miRNA research the preclinical stage, attracting considerable investment from biopharmaceutical companies. Consequently, an increasing number miRNA-based therapies entered clinical trials for both diagnostic applications across a wide range diseases. While individual can regulate broad array mRNA targets, this also complicates management adverse effects seen trials. Several candidates discontinued due toxicity concerns, underscoring need comprehensive risk assessments therapeutics. Despite no strategies yet received approval regulatory agencies, prominent progress modulation approaches nano-delivery systems last decade, leading development novel safe well-tolerated drug candidates. In review, we present recent advances therapeutics currently or stages treating rare genetic disorders multifactorial common conditions. We address challenges related safety targeted delivery therapies, as well identification most effective

Language: Английский

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Chitosan–exosome synergy: Advanced cell-free scaffold approaches for bone tissue engineering

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 140753 - 140753

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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