Cells,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(19), P. 3065 - 3065
Published: Sept. 29, 2022
Cell
type-specific
drug
delivery
is
a
straightforward
strategy
to
achieve
targeted
cancer
therapy
and
reduce
side
effects.
Hyaluronic
acid
(HA),
an
U.S.
Food
Drug
Administration
(FDA)-approved
biocompatible
carbohydrate
polymer,
has
been
extensively
employed
as
targeting
ligand
for
system
due
its
natural
ability
bind
tumor
cells
overexpressing
cluster
of
differentiation
44
(CD44)
receptors.
Here,
we
report
the
preparation
antitumor
efficacy
HA-coated
bovine
milk
exosomes
(HA-mExo)
tumor-specific
microRNA-204-5p
mimics
(miR-204).
The
exosome-based
formulation
was
prepared
with
miR-204
encapsulated
inside
lumen
HA
displayed
outside
membrane.
resultant
HA-mExo-miR204
able
specifically
target
CD44-positive
cells,
concomitant
increase
in
intracellular
uptake
miR-204.
Compared
uncoated
mExo-miR204
formulation,
showed
significantly
increased
both
vitro
vivo.
Importantly,
excellent
biocompatibility
did
not
cause
significant
systemic
toxicity.
Given
that
are
low-cost
highly
accessible
biogenic
materials
broad
biomedical
applications,
HA-decorated
can
be
proven
practical
RNA
drugs
therapy.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: Sept. 11, 2023
Abstract
CircRNAs
are
a
class
of
single-stranded
RNAs
with
covalently
linked
head-to-tail
topology.
In
the
decades
since
its
initial
discovery,
their
biogenesis,
regulation,
and
function
have
rapidly
disclosed,
permitting
better
understanding
adoption
them
as
new
tools
for
medical
applications.
With
development
biotechnology
molecular
medicine,
artificial
circRNAs
been
engineered
novel
vaccines
disease
treatment
prevention.
Unlike
linear
mRNA
vaccine
which
applications
were
limited
by
instability,
inefficiency,
innate
immunogenicity,
circRNA
incorporate
internal
ribosome
entry
sites
(IRESs)
open
reading
frame
(ORF)
provides
an
improved
approach
to
RNA-based
vaccination
safety,
stability,
simplicity
manufacture,
scalability.
However,
at
early
stage,
optimization,
delivery
require
further
evaluation.
this
review,
we
comprehensively
describe
vaccine,
including
history
superiority.
We
also
summarize
discuss
current
methodological
research
preparation,
design,
synthesis,
purification.
Finally,
highlight
options
potential
in
diseases
Considering
unique
high
low
protein/peptide-coding
capacity
special
closed-loop
construction,
circRNA-based
therapeutic
platforms
may
superior
application
prospects
broad
range
diseases.
International Journal of Nanomedicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 18, P. 7923 - 7940
Published: Dec. 1, 2023
Exosomes
are
nano-sized
membrane
vesicles
that
transfer
bioactive
molecules
between
cells
and
modulate
various
biological
processes
under
physiological
pathological
conditions.
By
applying
bioengineering
technologies,
exosomes
can
be
modified
to
express
specific
markers
or
carry
therapeutic
cargo
emerge
as
novel
platforms
for
the
treatment
of
cancer,
neurological,
cardiovascular,
immune,
infectious
diseases.
However,
there
many
challenges
uncertainties
in
clinical
translation
exosomes.
This
review
aims
provide
an
overview
recent
advances
engineered
exosomes,
with
a
special
focus
on
methods
strategies
loading
drugs
into
pros
cons
different
methods,
optimization
exosome
production
based
encapsulated.
Moreover,
we
also
summarize
current
applications
prospects
well
potential
risks
limitations
need
addressed
engineering,
including
standardization
preparation
engineering
protocols,
quality
quantity
control
drug
release,
immunogenicity
cytotoxicity
Overall,
represent
exciting
frontier
nanomedicine,
but
they
still
face
large-scale
production,
maintenance
storage
stability,
translation.
With
continuous
this
field,
exosome-based
formulation
could
offer
great
promise
targeted
human
Cancer Letters,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
558, P. 216093 - 216093
Published: Feb. 22, 2023
Exosomes
are
small
phospholipid
bilayer
vesicles
that
naturally
produced
by
all
living
cells,
both
prokaryotes
and
eukaryotes.
The
exosomes
due
to
their
unique
size,
reduced
immunogenicity,
ability
mimic
synthetic
liposomes
in
carrying
various
anticancer
drugs
have
been
tested
as
drug
delivery
vehicles
for
cancer
treatment.
An
added
advantage
of
developing
a
carrier
is
the
ease
manipulating
intraluminal
content
surface
modification
achieve
tumor-targeted
delivery.
In
past
ten-years,
there
has
an
exponential
increase
number
exosome-related
studies
cancer.
Preclinical
demonstrate
exosomes-mediated
chemotherapeutics,
biologicals
natural
products
produce
potent
activity
both,
vitro
vivo.
contrast,
exosome-based
clinical
trials
few
challenges
manufacturing
scalability
related
large-scale
production
storage
stability.
Herein,
we
discuss
recent
advances
treatment
preclinical
conclude
with
be
overcome
translating
larger
therapies
into
clinic.
Bioconjugate Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
34(7), P. 1177 - 1197
Published: July 11, 2023
Short
interfering
RNAs
(siRNA)
are
a
powerful
class
of
genetic
medicines
whose
clinical
translation
can
be
hindered
by
their
suboptimal
delivery
properties
in
vivo.
Here,
we
provide
clinically
focused
overview
that
summarizes
ongoing
siRNA
trials
from
the
perspective
innovations
nonviral
strategies.
More
specifically,
our
review
begins
highlighting
barriers
and
physiochemical
make
it
challenging
to
deliver
We
then
commentary
on
specific
strategies,
including
sequence
modification,
ligand
conjugation,
nanoparticle
exosomal
packaging,
each
which
used
control
therapies
living
systems.
Last,
summary
table
also
highlights
indication
use,
target,
National
Clinical
Trial
(NCT)
number
associated
with
entry.
In
writing
this
review,
work
aims
highlight
key
challenges
strategies
for
effective
vivo,
while
simultaneously
summarizing
information
therapy
humans.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: July 4, 2024
Abstract
Messenger
RNA
(mRNA)
has
emerged
as
a
promising
therapeutic
molecule
with
numerous
clinical
applications
in
treating
central
nervous
system
disorders,
tumors,
COVID-19,
and
other
diseases.
mRNA
therapies
must
be
encapsulated
into
safe,
stable,
effective
delivery
vehicles
to
preserve
the
cargo
from
degradation
prevent
immunogenicity.
Exosomes
have
gained
growing
attention
because
of
their
good
biocompatibility,
low
immunogenicity,
small
size,
unique
capacity
traverse
physiological
barriers,
cell-specific
tropism.
Moreover,
these
exosomes
can
engineered
utilize
natural
carriers
target
specific
cells
or
tissues.
This
targeted
approach
will
enhance
efficacy
reduce
side
effects
mRNAs.
However,
difficulties
such
lack
consistent
reliable
methods
for
exosome
purification
efficient
encapsulation
large
mRNAs
addressed.
article
outlines
current
breakthroughs
cell-derived
vesicle-mediated
its
biomedical
applications.
Graphical
Theranostics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(5), P. 2099 - 2126
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Exosomes,
which
are
small
vesicles
enclosed
by
a
lipid
bilayer
and
released
many
cell
types,
widely
dispersed
have
garnered
increased
attention
in
the
field
of
regenerative
medicine
due
to
their
ability
serve
as
indicators
diseases
agents
with
therapeutic
potential.
Exosomes
play
crucial
role
mediating
intercellular
communication
through
transfer
biomolecules,
including
proteins,
lipids,
RNA,
other
molecular
constituents,
between
cells.
The
targeted
transport
proteins
nucleic
acids
specific
cells
has
potential
enhance
or
impair
biological
functions.
applications,
they
can
be
used
alone
combination
approaches.
examination
unique
attributes
functions
these
factors
emerged
prominent
study
realm
biomedical
research.
This
manuscript
summarizes
origins
properties
exosomes,
structural,
biological,
physical,
chemical
aspects.
paper
offers
complete
recent
progress
tissue
repair
medicine,
emphasizing
possible
implications
methods
forthcoming
regeneration
attempts.
Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
24(1)
Published: Jan. 13, 2025
This
review
highlights
recent
progress
in
exosome-based
drug
delivery
for
cancer
therapy,
covering
exosome
biogenesis,
cargo
selection
mechanisms,
and
their
application
across
multiple
types.
As
small
extracellular
vesicles,
exosomes
exhibit
high
biocompatibility
low
immunogenicity,
making
them
ideal
vehicles
capable
of
efficiently
targeting
cells,
minimizing
off-target
damage
side
effects.
aims
to
explore
the
potential
with
a
focus
on
applications
chemotherapy,
gene
immunomodulation.
Additionally,
challenges
related
production
standardization
are
analyzed,
highlighting
importance
addressing
these
issues
clinical
application.
In
conclusion,
systems
offer
promising
future
therapies.
Further
research
should
aim
enhance
efficiency
facilitate
translation,
paving
way
innovative
treatment
strategies.
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
197, P. 114820 - 114820
Published: April 11, 2023
The
blood–brain
barrier
(BBB)
is
a
highly
regulated
physical
and
functional
boundary
that
tightly
controls
the
transport
of
materials
between
blood
brain.
There
an
increasing
recognition
BBB
dysfunctional
in
wide
range
neurological
disorders;
this
dysfunction
can
be
symptomatic
disease
but
also
play
role
etiology.
exploited
for
delivery
therapeutic
nanomaterials.
For
example,
there
transient,
disruption
diseases
such
as
brain
injury
stroke,
which
allows
temporary
access
nanomaterials
into
Physical
through
external
energy
sources
now
being
clinically
pursued
to
increase
In
other
diseases,
takes
on
new
properties
leveraged
by
carriers.
instance,
neuroinflammation
induces
expression
receptors
targeted
ligand-modified
nanomaterials,
endogenous
homing
immune
cells
diseased
hijacked
Lastly,
pathways
altered
nanomaterial
transport.
review,
we
will
describe
changes
occur
disease,
how
these
have
been
engineered
increased
