Critical Review of the Cross-Links Between Dietary Components, the Gut Microbiome, and Depression

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 614 - 614

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

The complex relationship between diet, the gut microbiota, and mental health, particularly depression, has become a focal point of contemporary research. This critical review examines how specific dietary components, such as fiber, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, bioactive compounds, shape microbiome influence microbial metabolism in order to regulate depressive outcomes. These dietary-induced changes microbiota can modulate production metabolites, which play vital roles gut–brain communication. axis facilitates this communication through neural, immune, endocrine pathways. Alterations metabolites central nervous system (CNS) functions by impacting neuroplasticity, inflammatory responses, neurotransmitter levels—all are linked onset course depression. highlights recent findings linking components with beneficial composition reduced symptoms. We also explore challenges individual variability responses interventions long-term sustainability these strategies. underscores necessity for further longitudinal mechanistic studies elucidate precise mechanisms diet interactions be leveraged mitigate paving way personalized nutritional therapies.

Language: Английский

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Modulation of the Neuro–Cancer Connection by Metabolites of Gut Microbiota

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 270 - 270

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

The gut-brain-cancer axis represents a novel and intricate connection between the gut microbiota, neurobiology, cancer progression. Recent advances have accentuated significant role of microbiota metabolites in modulating systemic processes that influence both brain health tumorigenesis. This paper explores emerging concept metabolite-mediated modulation within connection, focusing on key such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), tryptophan derivatives, secondary bile acids, lipopolysaccharides (LPS). While microbiota's impact immune regulation, neuroinflammation, tumor development is well established, gaps remain grasping how specific contribute to neuro-cancer interactions. We discuss with potential implications for neurobiology cancer, indoles polyamines, which yet be extensively studied. Furthermore, we review preclinical clinical evidence linking dysbiosis, altered metabolite profiles, tumors, showcasing limitations research gaps, particularly human longitudinal studies. Case studies investigating microbiota-based interventions, including dietary changes, fecal transplantation, probiotics, demonstrate promise but also indicate hurdles translating these findings therapies. concludes call standardized multi-omics approaches bi-directional frameworks integrating microbiome, neuroscience, oncology develop personalized therapeutic strategies patients.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Vegan and Vegetarian Diets on Neurological Health: A Critical Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 884 - 884

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

The global shift towards vegan and vegetarian diets has garnered attention for their ethical, environmental, potential health benefits. These are often rich in phytonutrients antioxidants, which have been associated with lower levels of inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) interleukin-6 (IL-6), suggesting a protective effect against systemic inflammation oxidative stress. However, despite these benefits, concerns remain regarding impact on neurological due to the possible deficiencies critical nutrients vitamin B12, DHA, EPA, iron. This review critically evaluates influence dietary patterns outcomes, emphasizing nutritional composition, deficiencies, interplay A systematic literature published between 2010 2023 was conducted, focusing studies that explore relationship health. Key omega-3 fatty acids, iron, zinc were analyzed alongside antinutritional factors effects nervous system. Evidence suggests diets, when well planned, can be (IL-6). findings indicate role reducing stress, both linked neurodegenerative diseases. iron consistently an increased risk cognitive decline, mood disturbances, disorders. Additionally, presence like phytates oxalates may further impair nutrient absorption, necessitating careful planning supplementation. While plant-based provide anti-inflammatory antioxidant implications depend adequacy. Proper planning, supplementation, food preparation techniques essential mitigate risks enhance Further research is needed long-term outcomes optimize strategies.

Language: Английский

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Effects of Supplementation with Microalgae Extract from Tetradesmus obliquus Strain Mi175.B1.a on Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Mental Health in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Arm Trial

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 960 - 960

Published: March 10, 2025

Microalgae, a marine-derived natural ingredient, has emerged as rich source of bioactive compounds with the potential to modulate gut–brain axis activities. The objective this study was investigate whether supplementation microalgae extract from Tetradesmus obliquus strain Mi175.B1.a (TOME) influences gut health and reduces stress anxiety in healthy adults experiencing mild moderate gastrointestinal (GI) distress. Methods: Fifty-six (age: 31.9 ± 7.7 years; body weight: 71.8 12.6 kg; BMI: 24.6 2.8 kg/m2) were enrolled randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm clinical trial. Participants randomly allocated receive capsules containing either 250 mg/day TOME or placebo for four weeks. Primary outcomes included assessment GI symptoms using Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) Bristol Stool (BSS). Secondary focused on subjective evaluation mood, stress, anxiety, well blood pressure responses sympathetic nervous system activation induced by cold pressor test (CPT). In addition, stool, plasma, saliva samples collected assess biomarkers associated activation, intestinal permeability, health. 16S rRNA sequencing performed analyze changes microbial populations. Results: Daily weeks safe tolerated population. significantly reduced GSRS global scores (p = 0.02), constipation 0.05) indigestion 0.03) subcomponent compared Placebo. There also significant increase Shannon’s index before FDR correction 0.05; 0.12) stool butyrate level lower group than Placebo after 4 0.039). Both groups showed reduction perceived scores, but intervention had Negative Affect < 0.001). plasma chromogranin A, biomarker, 0.03). no negative effects lipids other parameters related cardiovascular Conclusions: Overall, these results suggest that 4-week T. improves symptoms, potentially through microbiota, may promote positive mental Additional research should follow up populations increased mechanisms underlying improvements This trial registered at clinicaltrials.gov NCT06425094.

Language: Английский

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Role of Antioxidants in Modulating the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis and Their Impact on Neurodegenerative Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3658 - 3658

Published: April 12, 2025

This narrative review presents the role of antioxidants in regulating gut microbiota and impact on gut–brain axis, with a particular focus neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s (AD) Parkinson’s disease (PD). These diseases are characterised by cognitive decline, motor dysfunction, neuroinflammation, all which significantly exacerbated oxidative stress. elucidates contribution damage to progression explores potential mitigate these pathological processes through modulation associated pathways. Based recent studies retrieved from reputable databases, including PubMed, Web Science, Scopus, this article outlines mechanisms influence health exert neuroprotective effects. Specifically, it discusses how antioxidants, polyphenols, vitamins, flavonoids, contribute reduction reactive oxygen species (ROS) production thereby promoting neuronal survival minimising brain. In addition, modulating key molecular pathways involved stress NF-κB, Nrf2, MAPK, PI3K/AKT pathways, regulate ROS generation, inflammatory cytokine expression, antioxidant responses essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis both central nervous system. complex relationship between gut-derived metabolites, stress, highlighting dysbiosis—an imbalance microbiota—can exacerbate accelerating AD PD. The also examines short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced beneficial bacteria attenuate neuroinflammation damage. Furthermore, therapeutic microbiota-targeted interventions, delivery probiotics prebiotics, innovative strategies restore microbial support brain health. By synthesising current knowledge interplay underlying neurodegeneration, highlights promise antioxidant-based interventions mitigating progression. It need further research into antioxidant-rich dietary microbiota-focused therapies promising avenues prevention treatment diseases.

Language: Английский

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A critical appraisal of geroprotective activities of flavonoids in terms of their bio-accessibility and polypharmacology

Neurochemistry International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 180, P. 105859 - 105859

Published: Sept. 10, 2024

Language: Английский

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