Coordinated and Compartmentalized Neuromodulation Shapes Sensory Processing in Drosophila

Cell, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 163(7), P. 1742 - 1755

Published: Dec. 1, 2015

Language: Английский

---

A connectome of a learning and memory center in the adult Drosophila brain

eLife, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: July 18, 2017

Understanding memory formation, storage and retrieval requires knowledge of the underlying neuronal circuits. In Drosophila, mushroom body (MB) is major site associative learning. We reconstructed morphologies synaptic connections all 983 neurons within three functional units, or compartments, that compose adult MB's α lobe, using a dataset isotropic 8 nm voxels collected by focused ion-beam milling scanning electron microscopy. found Kenyon cells (KCs), whose sparse activity encodes sensory information, each make multiple en passant synapses to MB output (MBONs) in compartment. Some MBONs have inputs from KCs, while others differentially sample modalities. Only 6% KC>MBON receive direct synapse dopaminergic neuron (DAN). identified two unanticipated classes synapses, KC>DAN DAN>MBON. DAN activation produces slow depolarization MBON these DAN>MBON can weaken recall.

Language: Английский

---

Circadian Rhythms and Sleep in Drosophila melanogaster

Genetics, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 205(4), P. 1373 - 1397

Published: March 30, 2017

The advantages of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster, including low genetic redundancy, functional simplicity, and ability to conduct large-scale screens, have been essential for understanding molecular nature circadian (∼24 hr) rhythms, continue be valuable in discovering novel regulators rhythms sleep. In this review, we discuss current these interrelated biological processes wider implications research. Clock genes period timeless were first discovered screens developed 1970s. Feedback on their own transcription forms core clock, accurately timed expression, localization, post-transcriptional modification, function is thought critical maintaining cycle. Regulators, several phosphatases kinases, act different steps feedback loop ensure strong rhythms. Approximately 150 neurons fly brain that contain components clock together translate intracellular cycling into rhythmic behavior. We how groups serve functions allowing clocks entrain environmental cues, driving behavioral outputs at times day, flexible responses conditions. neuropeptide PDF provides an important signal synchronize neurons, although details accomplishes are still being explored. Secreted signals from also influence other tissues. SLEEP is, part, regulated by which ensures appropriate timing sleep, but amount quality sleep determined mechanisms a homeostatic balance between wake. Flies useful identifying large set genes, molecules, neuroanatomic loci regulating amount. Conserved aspects regulation flies mammals include wake-promoting roles catecholamine neurotransmitters involvement hypothalamus-like regions, regions implicated less clear parallels. Sleep subject factors such as food availability, stress, social environment. beginning understand identified molecules interact with each other, environment, regulate researchers can take advantage increasing mechanistic behaviors, learning memory, courtship, aggression, loss impacts behaviors. thus remain tool both discovery deep

Language: Английский

---

The connectome of the adult Drosophila mushroom body provides insights into function

eLife, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Dec. 14, 2020

Making inferences about the computations performed by neuronal circuits from synapse-level connectivity maps is an emerging opportunity in neuroscience. The mushroom body (MB) well positioned for developing and testing such approach due to its conserved architecture, recently completed dense connectome, extensive prior experimental studies of roles learning, memory, activity regulation. Here, we identify new components MB circuit Drosophila, including visual input output neurons (MBONs) with direct connections descending neurons. We find unexpected structure sensory inputs, transfer information different modalities MBONs, modulation that dopaminergic (DANs). provide insights into circuitry used integrate outputs, between central complex inputs DANs, feedback MBONs. Our results a foundation further theoretical work.

Language: Английский

---

A connectome of the Drosophila central complex reveals network motifs suitable for flexible navigation and context-dependent action selection

eLife, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Oct. 26, 2021

Flexible behaviors over long timescales are thought to engage recurrent neural networks in deep brain regions, which experimentally challenging study. In insects, circuit dynamics a region called the central complex (CX) enable directed locomotion, sleep, and context- experience-dependent spatial navigation. We describe first complete electron microscopy-based connectome of

Language: Английский

---

The Persistence and Transience of Memory

Neuron, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 94(6), P. 1071 - 1084

Published: June 1, 2017

Language: Английский

---

The Biology of Forgetting—A Perspective

Neuron, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 95(3), P. 490 - 503

Published: Aug. 1, 2017

Language: Английский

---

Distinct Dopamine Receptor Pathways Underlie the Temporal Sensitivity of Associative Learning

Cell, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 178(1), P. 60 - 75.e19

Published: June 1, 2019

Language: Английский

---

Unraveling the Evolutionary Determinants of Sleep

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 26(20), P. R1073 - R1087

Published: Oct. 1, 2016

Language: Английский

---

The Drosophila Mushroom Body: From Architecture to Algorithm in a Learning Circuit

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 43(1), P. 465 - 484

Published: April 14, 2020

The Drosophila brain contains a relatively simple circuit for forming Pavlovian associations, yet it achieves many operations common across memory systems. Recent advances have established clear framework learning and revealed the following key operations: a) pattern separation, whereby dense combinatorial representations of odors are preprocessed to generate highly specific, nonoverlapping odor patterns used learning; b) convergence, in which sensory information is funneled small set output neurons that guide behavioral actions; c) plasticity, where changing mapping input requires strong reinforcement signal, also modulated by internal state environmental context; d) modularization, consists multiple parallel traces, distinct stability flexibility exist anatomically well-defined modules within network. Cross-module interactions allow higher-order effects past experience influences future learning. Many these parallels with processes formation action selection more complex brains.

Language: Английский

---