The connectome of the adult Drosophila mushroom body provides insights into function

eLife, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Dec. 14, 2020

Making inferences about the computations performed by neuronal circuits from synapse-level connectivity maps is an emerging opportunity in neuroscience. The mushroom body (MB) well positioned for developing and testing such approach due to its conserved architecture, recently completed dense connectome, extensive prior experimental studies of roles learning, memory, activity regulation. Here, we identify new components MB circuit Drosophila, including visual input output neurons (MBONs) with direct connections descending neurons. We find unexpected structure sensory inputs, transfer information different modalities MBONs, modulation that dopaminergic (DANs). provide insights into circuitry used integrate outputs, between central complex inputs DANs, feedback MBONs. Our results a foundation further theoretical work.

Language: Английский

---

A connectome of the Drosophila central complex reveals network motifs suitable for flexible navigation and context-dependent action selection

eLife, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Oct. 26, 2021

Flexible behaviors over long timescales are thought to engage recurrent neural networks in deep brain regions, which experimentally challenging study. In insects, circuit dynamics a region called the central complex (CX) enable directed locomotion, sleep, and context- experience-dependent spatial navigation. We describe first complete electron microscopy-based connectome of

Language: Английский

---

Insect-inspired AI for autonomous robots

Science Robotics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(67)

Published: June 15, 2022

Autonomous robots are expected to perform a wide range of sophisticated tasks in complex, unknown environments. However, available onboard computing capabilities and algorithms represent considerable obstacle reaching higher levels autonomy, especially as get smaller the end Moore’s law approaches. Here, we argue that inspiration from insect intelligence is promising alternative classic methods robotics for artificial (AI) needed autonomy small, mobile robots. The advantage stems its resource efficiency (or parsimony) terms power mass. First, discuss main aspects underlying this parsimony: embodiment, sensory-motor coordination, swarming. Then, take stock where insect-inspired AI stands an other approaches important robotic such navigation identify open challenges on road more widespread adoption. Last, reflect types processors suitable implementing AI, traditional ones microcontrollers field-programmable gate arrays unconventional neuromorphic processors. We even processors, one should not simply apply existing but exploit insights natural maximally efficient robot autonomy.

Language: Английский

---

Data-driven multiscale computational models of cortical and subcortical regions

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 85, P. 102842 - 102842

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Olfactory Sensing and Navigation in Turbulent Environments

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 191 - 213

Published: Nov. 9, 2021

Fluid turbulence is a double-edged sword for the navigation of macroscopic animals, such as birds, insects, and rodents. On one hand, enables pheromone communication among mates possibility locating food by their odors from long distances. Molecular diffusion would indeed be unable to spread over relevant distances in natural conditions. other turbulent flows are hard predict, learning effective maneuvers navigate them challenging, we discuss this review. We first provide summary olfactory organs that sense airborne or surface-bound odors, well computational tasks animals face when extracting information useful an signal. A compendium dynamics transport emphasizes those aspects directly impact animals’ behavior. The state art on navigational strategies discussed, followed concluding section dedicated future challenges field.

Language: Английский

---

Structured sampling of olfactory input by the fly mushroom body

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(15), P. 3334 - 3349.e6

Published: July 6, 2022

Associative memory formation and recall in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is subserved by mushroom body (MB). Upon arrival MB, sensory information undergoes a profound transformation from broadly tuned stereotyped odorant responses olfactory projection neuron (PN) layer to narrowly nonstereotyped Kenyon cells (KCs). Theory experiment suggest that this implemented random connectivity between KCs PNs. However, hypothesis has been challenging test, given difficulty of mapping synaptic connections large numbers brain-spanning neurons. Here, we used recent whole-brain electron microscopy volume adult map PN-to-KC at resolution. The PN-KC connectome revealed unexpected structure, with preponderantly food-responsive PN types converging above-chance levels on downstream KCs. Axons overconvergent tended arborize near one another MB main calyx, making local KC dendrites more likely receive input those types. Overconvergent preferentially co-arborize connect αβ α'β' subtypes. Computational simulation observed network showed degraded discrimination performance compared network, except when all signal flowed through overconvergent, primarily Additional theory will be needed fully characterize impact non-random structure associative recall.

Language: Английский

---

Not so spontaneous: Multi-dimensional representations of behaviors and context in sensory areas

Neuron, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 110(19), P. 3064 - 3075

Published: July 20, 2022

Sensory areas are spontaneously active in the absence of sensory stimuli. This spontaneous activity has long been studied; however, its functional role remains largely unknown. Recent advances technology, allowing large-scale neural recordings awake and behaving animal, have transformed our understanding activity. Studies using these discovered high-dimensional patterns, correlation between behavior, dissimilarity sensory-driven patterns. These findings supported by evidence from developing animals, where a transition toward characteristics is observed as circuit matures, well mature animals across species. newly revealed call for formulation new computation.

Language: Английский

---

Neural Circuits Underlying Behavioral Flexibility: Insights From Drosophila

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 6, 2022

Behavioral flexibility is critical to survival. Animals must adapt their behavioral responses based on changes in the environmental context, internal state, or experience. Studies Drosophila melanogaster have provided insight into neural circuit mechanisms underlying flexibility. Here we discuss how behavior modulated by and learning. We describe general principles of organization modulation that underlie flexibility, are likely extend other species.

Language: Английский

---

Incorporating neuro-inspired adaptability for continual learning in artificial intelligence

Nature Machine Intelligence, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(12), P. 1356 - 1368

Published: Nov. 16, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Neural circuit mechanisms for transforming learned olfactory valences into wind-oriented movement

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Sept. 18, 2023

How memories are used by the brain to guide future action is poorly understood. In olfactory associative learning in Drosophila, multiple compartments of mushroom body act parallel assign a valence stimulus. Here, we show that appetitive stored different induce levels upwind locomotion. Using photoactivation screen new collection split-GAL4 drivers and EM connectomics, identified cluster neurons postsynaptic output (MBONs) can trigger robust steering. These UpWind Neurons (UpWiNs) integrate inhibitory excitatory synaptic inputs from MBONs aversive memory compartments, respectively. After formation memory, UpWiNs acquire enhanced response reward-predicting odors as presynaptic MBON undergoes depression. Blocking impaired reduced locomotion during retrieval. Photoactivation also increased chance returning location where activation was terminated, suggesting an additional role navigation. Thus, our results provide insight into how learned abstract valences gradually transformed concrete memory-driven actions through divergent convergent networks, neuronal architecture commonly found vertebrate invertebrate brains.

Language: Английский

---