Incongruence in the phylogenomics era

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(12), P. 834 - 850

Published: June 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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Silencing of the plant‐derived horizontally transferred gene BtSC5DL effectively controls Bemisia tabaci MED

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

Abstract BACKGROUND The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a notorious agricultural pest known for its ability to cause significant crop damage through direct feeding and virus transmission. Its remarkable adaptability reproductive capacity are linked acquire integrate horizontally transferred genes (HTGs) into genome. These HTGs increase the physiological metabolic capacities of this pest, including cholesterol synthesis, which critical survival success. Among these genes, we identified plant‐derived B. Δ7‐sterol C5‐desaturase‐like gene ( BtSC5DL ), plays pivotal role in metabolism biology. RESULTS In study, cloned from Mediterranean (MED). Bioinformatics molecular analyses revealed that was plants millions years ago now stably expressed species. Silencing dsRNA resulted reductions egg production content MED. Furthermore, virus‐induced silencing (VIGS) experiments confirmed long‐term suppression had notable control populations. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate crucial biosynthesis MED suggest acquisition significantly enhances findings provide theoretical basis development RNA interference (RNAi)‐based strategies targeting , offering potential new approach effective management populations settings. © 2025 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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The Torreya grandis genome illuminates the origin and evolution of gymnosperm-specific sciadonic acid biosynthesis

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 10, 2023

Abstract Torreya plants produce dry fruits with assorted functions. Here, we report the 19-Gb chromosome-level genome assembly of T. grandis . The is shaped by ancient whole-genome duplications and recurrent LTR retrotransposon bursts. Comparative genomic analyses reveal key genes involved in reproductive organ development, cell wall biosynthesis seed storage. Two encoding a C 18 Δ 9 -elongase 20 5 -desaturase are identified to be responsible for sciadonic acid both present diverse plant lineages except angiosperms. We demonstrate that histidine-rich boxes crucial its catalytic activity. Methylome analysis reveals methylation valleys harbor associated important activities, including lipid biosynthesis. Moreover, development accompanied DNA changes possibly fuel energy production. This study provides resources elucidates evolutionary mechanism land plants.

Language: Английский

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Toward an Integrated Understanding of the Lepidoptera Microbiome

Annual Review of Entomology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 69(1), P. 117 - 137

Published: Aug. 16, 2023

Research over the past 30 years has led to a widespread acceptance that insects establish and diverse associations with microorganisms. More recently, microbiome research been accelerating in lepidopteran systems, leading greater understanding of both endosymbiont gut microorganisms how they contribute integral aspects host. Lepidoptera are associated robust assemblage microorganisms, some which may be stable routinely detected larval adult hosts, while others ephemeral transient. Certain populate can significantly hosts’ performance fitness, inconsequential. We emphasize context-dependent nature interactions between players. While our review discusses contemporary literature, there major avenues yet explored determine fundamental host–microbe potential applications for microbiome; we describe these after synthesis.

Language: Английский

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Salivary proteins potentially derived from horizontal gene transfer are critical for salivary sheath formation and other feeding processes

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: March 2, 2024

Abstract Herbivorous insects employ an array of salivary proteins to aid feeding. However, the mechanisms behind recruitment and evolution these genes mediate plant-insect interactions remain poorly understood. Here, we report a potential horizontal gene transfer (HGT) event from bacteria ancestral bug Eutrichophora. The acquired subsequently underwent duplications evolved through co-option. We annotated them as horizontal-transferred, Eutrichophora-specific protein (HESPs) according their origin function. In Riptortus pedestris (Coreoidea), all nine HESPs are secreted into plants during RpHESP4 RpHESP8 recently duplicated found be indispensable for sheath formation. Silencing RpHESP4-8 increases difficulty R. in probing soybean, treated display decreased survivability. Although silencing other RpHESPs does not affect formation, negative effects also observed. Pyrrhocoris apterus (Pyrrhocoroidea), five out six PaHESPs secretory proteins, with PaHESP3 being critical insect survival. PaHESP5, while important insects, no longer functions protein. Our results provide insight saliva shed light on proteins.

Language: Английский

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Pervasive horizontal transmission of Wolbachia in natural populations of closely related and widespread tropical skipper butterflies

BMC Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Abstract Background The endosymbiotic relationship between Wolbachia bacteria and insects has been of interest for many years due to their diverse types host reproductive phenotypic manipulation potential role in the host’s evolutionary history population dynamics. Even though infection rates are high Lepidoptera specifically butterflies, is present these taxa, less attention given understanding how acquired maintained natural populations, across within species having continental geographical distributions. Results We used whole genome sequencing data investigate phylogenetics, demographic history, rate dynamics four Spicauda genus skipper butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae), a taxon that presents sympatric often syntopic distribution, with drastic variability abundance Neotropical region. show by turnover driven mainly pervasive horizontal transmissions, while also presenting novel cases double distantly related supergroups S. simplicius. Conclusions Our results suggest species-specific, genetic cohesiveness wide demonstrate low coverage can be an exhaustive assessment populations as well its closely species. This ultimately leads better effects on biology evolution.

Language: Английский

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Functional carbohydrate-active enzymes acquired by horizontal gene transfer from plants in the whitefly Bemisia tabaci

Genome Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2)

Published: Jan. 25, 2025

Carbohydrate-active enzymes involved in the degradation of plant cell walls and/or assimilation carbohydrates for energy uptake are widely distributed microorganisms. In contrast, they less frequent animals, although there exceptions, including examples carbohydrate-active acquired by horizontal gene transfer from bacteria or fungi several phytophagous arthropods and plant-parasitic nematodes. Although whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a major agricultural pest, knowledge transfer-acquired this phloem-feeding insect Hemiptera order (subfamily Aleyrodinae) still lacking. We performed comprehensive accurate detection candidates B. identified 136 events, 14 which corresponding to enzymes. The were not only bacterial fungal origin, but some also plants. Biochemical analysis revealed that members glycoside hydrolase families 17 152 plants functional beta-glucanases with different substrate specificities, suggesting distinct roles. These two first characterized glucanases an animal. lower number events related Aleyrodinae Trialeurodes vaporariorum, three enzymes, family glucanase, phylogenetic unique event ancestor Aleyrodinae. Another enzyme, most likely independently plants, was cell-feeding insects Thysanoptera order, highlighting importance plant-acquired biology piercing-sucking insects.

Language: Английский

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Functional Divergence of Plant‐Derived Thaumatin‐Like Protein Genes in Two Closely Related Whitefly Species

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Abstract The recent discovery that various insects have acquired functional genes through horizontal gene transfer (HGT) has prompted numerous studies into this puzzling and fascinating phenomenon. So far, horizontally transferred are found to be functionally conserved largely retained their ancestral functions. It evidently not yet been considered may evolve can contribute divergence between species. Here, it is first showed the genomes of two widespread agriculturally important whiteflies Trialeurodes vaporariorum Bemisia tabaci both contain a plant‐derived thaumatin‐like protein ( TLP ) gene, but with highly distinct functions in these closely related pests. In T. , maintained function similar plant donor, acting as an antimicrobial resist fungal infection; sharp contrast, B. evolved effector suppresses defense responses. These findings reveal as‐yet undescribed scenario cross‐species differentiation suggest HGT‐mediated evolutionary novelty ecotypic even speciation.

Language: Английский

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Genome assembly of Stewartia sinensis reveals origin and evolution of orphan genes in Theaceae

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: March 3, 2025

Orphan genes play crucial roles in diverse biological processes, but the evolutionary trajectories and functional divergence remain largely unexplored. The Theaceae family, including economically culturally important tea plant, offers a distinctive model to examine these aspects. Here, we integrated Nanopore long-read sequencing, Illumina short-read Hi-C methods decode pseudo-chromosomal genome assembly of Stewartia sinensis, from earliest-diverging tribe Theaceae, spanning 2.95 Gb. Comparative genomic analysis revealed absence recent whole-genome duplication events ancestor, highlighting tandem duplications as predominant mechanism gene expansion. We identified 31,331 orphan genes, some which appear have ancient origins, suggesting early emergence with frequent gains losses, while others seem more specific recent. Notably, are distinguished by shorter lengths, fewer exons domains compared that originate much earlier, like transcription factors. Moreover, contributes significantly adaptive evolution characteristic diversity it is also major driving origination genes. This study illuminates dynamics providing valuable resource for understanding origin plant flavor enhancing genetic breeding efforts. nearly complete an early-diverging species, phylogenomic studies provide insights into Theaceae.

Language: Английский

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De novo phytosterol synthesis in animals

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 380(6644), P. 520 - 526

Published: May 4, 2023

Sterols are vital for nearly all eukaryotes. Their distribution differs in plants and animals, with phytosterols commonly found whereas most animals dominated by cholesterol. We show that sitosterol, a common sterol of plants, is the abundant gutless marine annelids. Using multiomics, metabolite imaging, heterologous gene expression, enzyme assays, we these synthesize sitosterol de novo using noncanonical C-24 methyltransferase (C 24 -SMT). This essential synthesis but not known from bilaterian animals. Our phylogenetic analyses revealed C -SMTs present representatives at least five animal phyla, indicating sterols to more widespread than currently known.

Language: Английский

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