Genetic and molecular mechanisms of reproductive isolation in the utilization of heterosis for breeding hybrid rice

Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(6), P. 583 - 593

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Heterosis, also known as hybrid vigor, is commonly observed in rice crosses. The hybridization of species or subspecies exhibits robust however, the direct harnessing this vigor hindered by reproductive isolation. Here, we review recent advances understanding molecular mechanisms governing isolation inter-subspecific and inter-specific hybrids. This encompasses genetic model within among Oryza sativa species, emphasizing essential role mitochondria process. Additionally, delve into intricacies interaction between autophagesome, elucidating their significant contribution to Furthermore, our exploration extends comprehending evolutionary dynamics speciation rice. Building on these advances, offer a forward-looking perspective how overcome challenges facilitate utilization heterosis future breeding endeavors.

Language: Английский

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Wolbachia symbionts control sex in a parasitoid wasp using a horizontally acquired gene

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(11), P. 2359 - 2372.e9

Published: April 30, 2024

Host reproduction can be manipulated by bacterial symbionts in various ways. Parthenogenesis induction is the most effective type of manipulation for their transmission. Insect sex determined regulation doublesex (dsx) splicing through transformer2 (tra2) and transformer (tra) interaction. Although parthenogenesis has been studied since 1970s, its underlying molecular mechanism unknown. Here we identify a Wolbachia parthenogenesis-induction feminization factor gene (piff) that targets sex-determining genes causes female-producing haplodiploid parasitoid Encarsia formosa. We found elimination repressed expression female-specific dsx enhanced male-specific dsx, which led to production wasp haploid male offspring. Furthermore, E. formosa tra truncated non-functional, functional homolog, termed piff, with an insect origin. PIFF colocalize interact TRA2. Moreover, piff coordinated tra2 Our results demonstrate symbiont acquired manipulate host determination cascade induce wasps. This study reveals insect-to-bacteria horizontal transfer drives evolution animal systems, elucidating striking insect-microbe symbiosis.

Language: Английский

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Two horizontally acquired bacterial genes steer the exceptionally efficient and flexible nitrogenous waste cycling in whiteflies

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(5)

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Nitrogen is an essential element for all life on earth. metabolism, including excretion, growth, development, and survival of plants animals alike. Several nitrogen metabolic processes have been described, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. Here, we reveal a unique process metabolism in whitefly Bemisia tabaci , global pest. We show that it has acquired two bacterial uricolytic enzyme genes, B. urea carboxylase ( BtUCA ) allophanate hydrolase BtAtzF ), through horizontal gene transfer. These genes operate conjunction to not only coordinate efficient way metabolizing nitrogenous waste also control ’s exceptionally flexible recycling capacity. Its processing explains how this important pest can feed vast spectrum plants. This finding provides insight into hijacking microbial allowed whiteflies develop highly economic stable network offers clues management strategies.

Language: Английский

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Uninheritable but Widespread Bacterial Symbiont Enterococcus casseliflavus Mediates Detoxification of the Insecticide Chlorantraniliprole in the Agricultural Invasive Pest Spodoptera frugiperda

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 72(33), P. 18365 - 18377

Published: Aug. 6, 2024

Host-symbiont interaction plays a crucial role in determining the host's fitness under toxic stress, as observed numerous insect species. However, mechanism of symbionts involved detoxification insecticides remains poorly known. In this study, through microbiome, proteomic, and genomic analysis, we identified prevalent symbiont,

Language: Английский

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Multi-omics landscape and molecular basis of radiation tolerance in a tardigrade

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 386(6720)

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Tardigrades are captivating organisms known for their resilience in extreme environments, including ultra-high-dose radiation, but the underlying mechanisms of this remain largely unknown. Using genome, transcriptome, and proteome analysis

Language: Английский

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Non‐volatile metabolites mediate plant interactions with insect herbivores

The Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 114(5), P. 1164 - 1177

Published: March 9, 2023

SUMMARY Non‐volatile metabolites constitute the bulk of plant biomass. From perspective plant–insect interactions, these structurally diverse compounds include nutritious core and defensive specialized metabolites. In this review, we synthesize current literature on multiple scales interactions mediated by non‐volatile At molecular level, functional genetics studies have revealed a large collection receptors targeting in model insect species agricultural pests. By contrast, examples insect‐derived molecules remain sparse. For herbivores, function beyond dichotomy metabolites, classed as nutrients, compounds. Insect feeding tends to elicit evolutionarily conserved changes metabolism, whereas its effect metabolism varies widely based interacting species. Finally, several recent demonstrated that can mediate tripartite communication community scale, facilitated physical connections established through direct root‐to‐root communication, parasitic plants, arbuscular mycorrhizae rhizosphere microbiome. Recent advances both biology will facilitate further research role mediating interactions.

Language: Английский

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Sidestepping Darwin: horizontal gene transfer from plants to insects

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57, P. 101035 - 101035

Published: April 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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Whitefly–Plant Interactions: An Integrated Molecular Perspective

Annual Review of Entomology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 69(1), P. 503 - 525

Published: Oct. 10, 2023

The rapid advances in available transcriptomic and genomic data our understanding of the physiology biochemistry whitefly-plant interactions have allowed us to gain new significant insights into biology whiteflies their successful adaptation host plants. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview mechanisms that evolved overcome challenges feeding on phloem sap. We also highlight evolution functions gene families involved perception, evaluation, manipulation; primary metabolism; metabolite detoxification. discuss emerging themes plant immunity whiteflies, focusing whitefly effectors sites action defense-signaling pathways. conclude with discussion genetic manipulation potential they hold for exploring between plants, as well development novel strategies control whiteflies.

Language: Английский

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Diverse signatures of convergent evolution in cactus-associated yeasts

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(9), P. e3002832 - e3002832

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

Many distantly related organisms have convergently evolved traits and lifestyles that enable them to live in similar ecological environments. However, the extent of phenotypic convergence evolving through same or distinct genetic trajectories remains an open question. Here, we leverage a comprehensive dataset genomic data from 1,049 yeast species subphylum Saccharomycotina (Kingdom Fungi, Phylum Ascomycota) explore signatures convergent evolution cactophilic yeasts, specialists associated with cacti. We inferred association yeasts cacti arose independently approximately 17 times. Using machine learning-based approach, further found cactophily can be predicted 76% accuracy both functional data. The most informative feature for predicting was thermotolerance, which likely altered evolutionary rates genes impacting cell envelope several lineages. also identified horizontal gene transfer duplication events plant wall-degrading enzymes clades, suggesting putatively adaptive disparate molecular mechanisms. Notably, multiple their close relatives been reported as emerging human opportunistic pathogens, lifestyle-and perhaps more generally favoring thermotolerance-might preadapt cause disease. This work underscores potential multifaceted approach involving high-throughput shed light onto adaptation highlights how wild environments could facilitate transition pathogenicity.

Language: Английский

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Uneven distribution of prokaryote-derived horizontal gene transfer in fungi: a lifestyle-dependent phenomenon

mBio, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 29, 2024

ABSTRACT Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in fungi is less understood despite its significance prokaryotes. In this study, we systematically searched for HGT events 829 representative fungal genomes. Using a combination of sequence similarity and phylogeny-based approaches, detected 20,093 prokaryotic-derived transferred genes across 750 genomes, via 8,815 distinct events. Notably, our analysis revealed that eight lifestyle-related traits significantly influence diversity fungi. For instance, parasites exhibited the highest estimated number HGT-acquired genes, followed by saprotrophs, with symbionts showing lowest. were predominantly associated metabolism cellular functions underwent purifying selection. Moreover, horizontally introns have higher expression levels compared to intron-lacking suggesting probable role intron gains adaptation genes. Overall, findings highlight lifestyle on underscore substantial contribution adaptation. IMPORTANCE This study sheds new light horizontal fungi, an area has remained relatively unexplored well-established prevalence bacteria. By analyzing identified over 20,000 acquired from prokaryotes, revealing significant impact evolution. Our traits, such as being parasitic or saprotrophic, play key determining extent HGT, acquisition rates. We also uncovered unique patterns occurrence based morphology reproduction. Importantly, introns, which are more highly expressed, appear crucial research deepens understanding how contributes metabolic ecological success it underscores broader shaping

Language: Английский

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