Quantitative analysis of the caloric restriction versus isocaloric diets models based on macronutrients composition: impacts on body weight regulation, anthropometric, and bioimpedance parameters in women with obesity DOI Creative Commons

Denisa Pescari,

Monica Simina Mihuţa,

Andreea Bena

et al.

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Dec. 12, 2024

Introduction Obesity is a growing public health issue, especially among young adults, with long-term management strategies still under debate. This prospective study compares the effects of caloric restriction and isocaloric diets different macronutrient distributions on body composition anthropometric parameters in obese women during 12-week weight loss program, aiming to identify most effective dietary for managing obesity-related outcomes. Methods A certified clinical nutritionist assigned specific over period 150 participants, distributed as follows: hypocaloric diets—low-energy diet (LED, 31 subjects) very low-energy (VLED, 13 subjects); distribution—low-carbohydrate (LCD, 48 subjects), ketogenic (KD, 23 high-protein (HPD, 24 without distribution—time-restricted eating (TRE, 11 subjects). Participants were dynamically monitored using parameters: mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip ratio (WHR) bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) TANITA Body Composition Analyzer BC-418 MA III (T5896, Tokyo, Japan) at three key intervals—baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks. The following evaluated: weight, basal metabolic rate (BMR), percentage total fat, trunk muscle mass, fat-free hydration status. Results All led loss, but differences emerged time. TRE model resulted significantly less compared LED final follow-up (6.30 kg, p < 0.001), similar VLED (4.69 0.001). Isocaloric varied showed significant ( KD reduced both weeks (−4.08 cm, while waist-to-hip reduction observed across groups = 0.01). Post-hoc revealed fat HPD outperforming IF 0.01) 0.003). LCD (−2.36%, 0.001) (−3.79%, increased (2.95%, decreased it (−2.02%, 0.031). smaller BMR LED. Conclusion highlights superior benefits macronutrients distribution calorie-restrictive optimizing BMI, composition, central adiposity.

Language: Английский

Comparative efficacy of THR-β agonists, FGF-21 analogues, GLP-1R agonists, GLP-1-based polyagonists, and Pan-PPAR agonists for MASLD: A systematic review and network meta-analysis DOI

Rutao Lin,

Qinmei Sun, Xin Xin

et al.

Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 161, P. 156043 - 156043

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Mechanisms of Lipid‐Associated Macrophage Accrual in Metabolically Stressed Adipose Tissue DOI Creative Commons
Isabel Reinisch,

Sarah Enzenhofer,

Andreas Prokesch

et al.

BioEssays, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 19, 2025

ABSTRACT Adipose tissue (AT) inflammation, a hallmark of the metabolic syndrome, is triggered by overburdened adipocytes sending out immune cell recruitment signals during obesity development. An AT landscape persistent throughout weight loss and regain constitutes an immune‐obesogenic memory that hinders long‐term management. Lipid‐associated macrophages (LAMs) are emerging as major players in diseased, inflamed tissues may be key contributors to obesogenic AT. Our previous study found LAM abundance increases with via intermittent fasting (IF) obese mice, which driven adipocyte p53 signalling. However, specific causing accumulation under IF remain unknown. In this piece, we hypothesise on range adipocyte‐secreted can harbor immune‐attractive features upon fasting/refeeding cycles. We highlight possible mechanisms including death signalling, matrikines, other damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), well adipo(‐cyto)kines, lipid mediators, metabolites, extracellular vesicles, epigenetic rewiring. Finally, consider how advances gleaned from preclinical models might translatable management humans. Thus, provide vantage points driving monocyte recruitment, polarisation towards LAMs, retention, harness therapeutic potential modulating levels impacting disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Discovery of GLP-1–Based Drugs for the Treatment of Obesity DOI
Daniel J. Drucker

New England Journal of Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Translational potential of mouse models of human metabolic disease DOI Creative Commons
I. Sadaf Farooqi, Yong Xu

Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187(16), P. 4129 - 4143

Published: July 26, 2024

Obesity causes significant morbidity and mortality globally. Research in the last three decades has delivered a step-change our understanding of fundamental mechanisms that regulate energy homeostasis, building on foundational discoveries mouse models metabolic disease. However, not all findings made rodents have translated to humans, hampering drug discovery this field. Here, we review how studies mice humans informed current framework for discuss their challenges limitations, offer perspective human may play an increasingly important role disease identification therapeutic targets future.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Semaglutide in patients with kidney failure and obesity undergoing dialysis and wishing to be transplanted: A prospective, observational, open‐label study DOI Creative Commons

Lenka Vanek,

Amelie Kurnikowski, Simon Krenn

et al.

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(12), P. 5931 - 5941

Published: Oct. 7, 2024

Abstract Aims Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and obesity are major global health challenges, eventually leading to replacement therapy (KRT), but body mass index (BMI) thresholds hinder transplantation. Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists induce weight loss, thereby offering attractive treatment options; however, their safety efficacy have not been systematically investigated in patients undergoing dialysis. Materials Methods We conducted a prospective 12‐week, open‐label trial with 13 who had BMI ≥ 30.00 kg/m 2 , were dialysis (12 haemodialysis 1 peritoneal dialysis) listed for transplantation due weight. Semaglutide was administered once weekly subcutaneously, the dose increased from 0.25 mg 0.5 then mg. Study endpoints included change (primary – statistically evaluated by repeated measures analysis of variance [ANOVA]), side effects, adverse events, blood parameters patient‐reported outcomes (secondary). Results At baseline, mean age ± standard deviation 64.0 6.4 years, 113.9 16.6 kg, 37.3 3.9 . week 12, average reduction under semaglutide 4.6 2.4 kg ranged 2.0 9.7 ( p < 0.001 across study period). One patient discontinued nausea/vomiting, two died unrelated causes six reported effects. Approximately 9 months after started, three able seriously reconsider being Conclusions resulted significant dialysis, while maintaining an acceptable effect profile comparable that non‐dialysis population.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Recent advances in incretin-based therapy for MASLD: from single to dual or triple incretin receptor agonists DOI
Giovanni Targher, Alessandro Mantovani, Christopher D. Byrne

et al.

Gut, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. gutjnl - 334023

Published: Nov. 26, 2024

Clinically effective pharmacological treatment(s) for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its progressive form steatohepatitis (MASH) represent a largely unmet need in medicine. Since glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have been licensed the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus obesity, they were one first drug classes to be examined individuals with MASLD/MASH. Successful phase randomised clinical trials these agents resulted progression 3 (principally testing long-term efficacy subcutaneous semaglutide). Over last few years, addition GLP-1RAs, newer glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide and/or glucagon agonist functions tested, increasing evidence from histological improvements MASLD/MASH, as well benefits on MASLD-related extrahepatic complications. Based this background evidence, single, dual or triple incretin are becoming an attractive promising option MASLD MASH, particularly coexisting obesity mellitus. In narrative review, we examine rapidly expanding body supporting role incretin-based pharmacotherapies delaying reversing MASH progression. We also discuss biology incretins putative hepatoprotective mechanisms managing MASH.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Exploring emerging pharmacotherapies for type 2 diabetes patients with hypertriglyceridemia DOI
Brian Tomlinson, Paul Chan

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 11

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

Introduction Atherogenic dyslipidemia with increased triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and small dense low-density (LDL) particles is a major risk factor contributing to the cardiovascular (CV) in patients type 2 diabetes (T2D). This regarded as residual after achieving target of LDL cholesterol.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Hawthorn carbon dots: a novel therapeutic agent for modulating body weight and hepatic lipid profiles in high-fat diet-fed mice DOI
Shuai Lin, Y. H. Zheng, Yi Xu

et al.

Nanoscale, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Synthesis of HCD (A) and intervention on obesity in high-fat diet mice (B).

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Vagotomy suppresses food intake by increasing GLP-1 secretion via the M3 AChR-AMPKα pathway in mice DOI
Jie Lin, Yikai Shen,

Yiwen Xia

et al.

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 112464 - 112464

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
A 2-Years Comparative Analysis of Tirzepatide, Semaglutide, Qsymia, Contrave, and Phentermine on Ocular Health in Individuals with Obesity: A Propensity-Score Matched Cohort Study DOI Creative Commons
Pen‐Hua Su, Yu‐Nan Huang,

Jo-Ching Chen

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Abstract This landmark propensity-score matched study examined ocular outcomes of modern anti-obesity medications in nearly 5 million non-diabetic individuals with obesity. Through analysis TriNetX US network data, we discovered that Tirzepatide significantly reduced cataract risk versus other treatments, showing a striking 59% lower compared to Semaglutide (HR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.19–0.85). users experienced markedly fewer visual disturbances than those on Contrave 0.58, 0.41–0.82) or Phentermine 0.62, 0.46–0.82). Both GLP-1 receptor agonists demonstrated protection against age-related cataracts, exceptional benefits 0.17, 0.07–0.42). While these protective effects remained robust across patient subgroups, Tirzepatide's diminished impaired kidney function. Multiple sensitivity analyses and negative controls validated compelling findings.

Language: Английский

Citations

0