Wide-Field Calcium Imaging of Neuronal Network Dynamics In Vivo

Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. 1601 - 1601

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

A central tenet of neuroscience is that sensory, motor, and cognitive behaviors are generated by the communications interactions among neurons, distributed within across anatomically functionally distinct brain regions. Therefore, to decipher how plans, learns, executes requires characterizing neuronal activity at multiple spatial temporal scales. This includes simultaneously recording dynamics mesoscale level understand regions during different behavioral states. Wide-field Ca2+ imaging, which uses single photon excitation improved genetically encoded indicators, allows for simultaneous recordings large areas proving be a powerful tool study mesoscopic scale in behaving animals. review details techniques used wide-field imaging various approaches employed analyses rich neuronal-behavioral data sets obtained. Also discussed providing novel insights into both normal altered neural processing disease. Finally, we examine limitations approach new developments bringing capabilities this important technique investigating large-scale dynamics.

Language: Английский

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A stable, distributed code for cue value in mouse cortex during reward learning

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

The ability to associate reward-predicting stimuli with adaptive behavior is frequently attributed the prefrontal cortex, but stimulus-specificity, spatial distribution, and stability of cue-reward associations are unresolved. We trained head-fixed mice on an olfactory Pavlovian conditioning task measured coding properties individual neurons across space (prefrontal, olfactory, motor cortices) time (multiple days). Neurons encoding cues or licks were most common in respectively. By quantifying responses cue-encoding six varying probabilities reward, we unexpectedly found value all regions sampled, some enrichment cortex. further that cue lick codes preserved days. Our results demonstrate stably encode components learning within a larger gradient properties.

Language: Английский

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Transition of distinct context-dependent ensembles from secondary to primary motor cortex in skilled motor performance

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 41(3), P. 111494 - 111494

Published: Oct. 1, 2022

When voluntary movements are executed under different contexts, context-dependent signals thought to weaken from secondary motor cortex (M2) primary (M1). However, it is unclear how the contexts processed M2 M1 execute skilled movement. We conduct two-photon calcium imaging of and in mice performing internally generated external-cue-triggered movements. Context dependency consistently high L2/3 neurons low pyramidal tract neurons. By contrast, context → axons increases as task performance improves. In addition, L2/3, but not axons, associated with fine-movement proficiency. The increase correlates stabilization population activity an that strongly encode contextual information. Thus, emergence distinct ensembles may be necessary for context-to-motor transformation facilitates performance.

Language: Английский

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To be and not to be: wide-field Ca2+ imaging reveals neocortical functional segmentation combines stability and flexibility

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(11), P. 6543 - 6558

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

Abstract The stability and flexibility of the functional parcellation cerebral cortex is fundamental to how familiar novel information both represented stored. We leveraged new advances in Ca2+ sensors microscopy understand dynamics segmentation dorsal cortex. performed wide-field imaging head-fixed mice used spatial independent component analysis (ICA) identify sources fluorescence. data were evaluated over multiple timescales discrete behaviors including resting, walking, grooming. When entire dataset, a set template components (ICs) identified that common across behaviors. Template ICs present range timescales, from days 30 seconds, although with lower occurrence probability at shorter highlighting segmentation. Importantly, unique emerged duration could act transiently refine cortical network. by behavior, behavior-specific emerged. Each behavior composed combinations ICs. These observations suggest exhibits considerable time while retaining for task-dependent reorganization.

Language: Английский

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Integrated information theory reveals the potential role of the posterior parietal cortex in sustaining conditioning responses in classical conditioning tasks

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Classical conditioning is a fundamental associative learning process in which repeated pairings of conditioned stimulus (CS) with an unconditioned (US) lead to the CS eliciting response (CR). Previous research has identified key neural regions involved processing reward-predicting cues and mediating licking behavior. However, mechanisms that sustain high rates across sessions remain elusive, particularly regarding how reward expectation represented on session-by-session basis. While early phases classical have been extensively studied, support consistent performance over time unclear. In this study, we sought understand cortical regions, posterior parietal cortex (PPC), contribute maintaining CR sessions. Using core complex framework derived from Integrated Information Theory (IIT), explored dynamics networks during performance. Our findings suggest while traditional functional connectivity (FC) methods struggled capture complexity sustained behavioral engagement, revealed notably PPC, were significantly correlated enhanced This work suggests potential role PPC supporting expectations responses. By applying investigate substrates behavior, provide novel insights into interaction conditioning, offering promising directions for future

Language: Английский

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Secondary motor cortex: Broadcasting and biasing animal's decisions through long-range circuits

International review of neurobiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 443 - 470

Published: Dec. 25, 2020

Language: Английский

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Dynamics of directional motor tuning in the primate premotor and primary motor cortices during sensorimotor learning

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

Sensorimotor learning requires reorganization of neuronal activity in the premotor cortex (PM) and primary motor (M1). To reveal PM- M1-specific a primate, we conducted calcium imaging common marmosets while they learned two-target reaching (pull/push) task after mastering one-target (pull) task. Throughout task, dorsorostral PM (PMdr) showed peak earlier than dorsocaudal (PMdc) M1. During learning, reaction time pull trials increased correlated strongly with timing PMdr activity. decreasing representation newly introduced (push) movement, whereas PMdc M1 maintained high push movements. Many task-related neurons exhibited strong preference to either movement direction. dynamically switched their preferred direction depending on performance early stage, stably retained similarity between neighbors. These results suggest that primate sensorimotor dynamic directional tuning converts association formed stable specific

Language: Английский

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Laminar Architecture of a Decision Circuit in Orbitofrontal Cortex

Published: March 4, 2025

During economic choice, different neurons in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) encode individual offer values, the binary choice outcome, and chosen value. Previous work suggests that these cell groups form a decision circuit, but anatomical organization of this circuit is poorly understood. Using calcium imaging, we recorded from layer 2/3 (L2/3) 5 (L5) mice choosing between juice flavors. Decision variables were differentially represented across layers: juice-specific values their spatial configuration predominant L2/3, while side, value L5. Within each layer, functional organized clusters. The temporal dynamics neural signals two layers indicated combination feed-forward feed-back processes, pointed to L5 as locus for winner-take-all comparison. These results reveal decisions rely on complex architecture distributed OFC.

Language: Английский

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Whether or not to act is determined by distinct signals from motor thalamus and orbitofrontal cortex to secondary motor cortex

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: April 4, 2025

"To act or not to act" is a fundamental decision made in daily life. However, it unknown how the relevant signals are transmitted secondary motor cortex (M2), which cortical origin of initiation. Here, we found that decision-making task male mice, inputs from thalamus M2 positively regulated action while lateral part orbitofrontal (LO) negatively it. The received basal ganglia outputs value-related regardless whether animal acted not. By contrast, large subpopulation LO showed decreased activity before and during action, value. These results suggest integrates positive signal value with negative action-biased finally determine

Language: Английский

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Neuronal ensemble dynamics in associative learning

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 73, P. 102530 - 102530

Published: March 31, 2022

Language: Английский

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