Emerging roles of astrocytes as immune effectors in the central nervous system

Trends in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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AstroWars: the return of the astrocytic metabotropic glutamate receptor 5

The Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 4, 2025

In the brain, astrocytes express glutamate receptors to detect glutamatergic signalling at synapses. Numerous studies have been conducted characterize types and levels of receptor expression, their physiological properties functional roles. The metabotropic 5 (mGluR5) is particularly noteworthy. Although it described as only classical excitatory expressed by astrocytes, recent indicate that its expression are lower in adulthood compared postnatal period. Nevertheless, mGluR5 activation remains sufficient induce robust astrocytic activity. To resolve these seemingly contradictory findings, we review current understanding physiology mGluR5, level variations throughout life, consequences summary, maintain which triggers Ca2+ This intracellular processes modulate synaptic circuit function, relevant due extensive brain. Moreover, most on using cultured or acute brain slices from young rodents. Therefore, further research needed investigate roles adulthood, not function but also behavioural processing. Understanding regulation levels, during crucial for fully circuits role pathophysiology various neurobiological diseases.

Language: Английский

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Astrocytic CREB in nucleus accumbens promotes susceptibility to chronic stress

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Sex Differences in Astrocyte Activity

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(20), P. 1724 - 1724

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

Astrocytes are essential for maintaining brain homeostasis. Alterations in their activity have been associated with various pathologies. Sex differences were reported to affect astrocyte development and activity, even susceptibility different neurodegenerative diseases. This review aims summarize the current knowledge on effects of sex health disease.

Language: Английский

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Role of the gut microbiome in mediating sex-specific differences in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease

Neurotherapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(6), P. e00426 - e00426

Published: July 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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Nucleus accumbens astrocytes bidirectionally modulate social behavior

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 19, 2024

ABSTRACT Social behaviors are critical for survival and fitness of a species, maladaptive social frequently associated with neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders. As such, the neural circuits cellular mechanisms driving inform processes contributing to both health disease. In particular, nucleus accumbens (NAc) is key hub integration non-social information required successful interactions reward motivated behaviors. While astrocytes within NAc have recognized role in modulating activity, their influence over behavior yet undefined. To address this question, we manipulated astrocyte signaling determined effects on interactions. core bidirectionally influenced rats; agonism astrocyte-specific hM3D(Gq) DREADD receptors increased interaction time test preference 3-chamber test. Conversely, decreasing intracellular calcium viral expression hPMCA reduced these tests. These results suggest that actively participate regulation highlight putative disorders characterized by dysfunction.

Language: Английский

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SIRT6 modulates lesion microenvironment in LPC induced demyelination by targeting astrocytic CHI3L1

Journal of Neuroinflammation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Sept. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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