Causal role of the gut microbiome in certain human diseases: a narrative review

eGastroenterology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(3), P. e100086 - e100086

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Composed of an elaborate ecosystem bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa residing in the human digestive tract, gut microbiome influences metabolism, immune modulation, bile acid homeostasis host defence. Through observational preclinical data, has been implicated pathogenesis a spectrum chronic diseases ranging from psychiatric to gastrointestinal nature. Until recently, lack unequivocal evidence supporting causal link between health outcomes incited controversy regarding its significance. However, recent randomised controlled trial (RCT) conditions, such as Clostridioides difficile infection, cancer immunotherapy ulcerative colitis, supported relationship underscored potential therapeutic target. This review delineates RCT substantiating for outcomes, seminal that preceded these RCTs remaining knowledge gaps.

Language: Английский

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A Consortium of Fecal Microbes that Decolonizes Antibiotic-resistant Enteric Pathogens: A Potential Alternative to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 8, 2024

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has proven effective in decolonizing carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE). However, its efficacy varies among patients, frequent implementation poses challenges. Through microbiome analysis of fecal samples from both FMT responders non-responders, we identified a consortium four gut commensal species, termed BM111. In an antibiotic-pretreated mouse infection model, BM111 effectively decolonized VRE strain, demonstrating therapeutic potential. Additionally, humanized model with feces CPE-infected patients transplanted into germ-free mice, significantly cleared CPE strains. animals treated the consortium, their diversity increased post-treatment, correlating BM111-induced positive outcomes. Further informatic cohorts 11 countries confirmed high prevalence abundance these species healthy individuals, supporting potential to restore balance infection-induced dysbiosis. The presents promising, safe, alternative for combating antibiotic-resistant enteric infections, warranting further clinical research development.

Language: Английский

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Beyond Random Fecal Microbial Transplants

Gastroenterology Clinics of North America, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 54(2), P. 333 - 350

Published: Dec. 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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