Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in gut immunophysiology: from dietary precursors to inflammation resolution

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Purpose of review This aims to examine recent research on the role specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in regulation gut immunophysiology. Recent findings Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic inflammation gastrointestinal tract, driven disruptions intestinal barrier and an imbalance between host immune system microbiota. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially ω-3 ω-6, are key regulators responses help maintain integrity barrier. These PUFAs serve as precursors SPMs, lipid that play a critical resolving inflammation. SPMs actively reprogram cells, promoting clearance cellular debris, reducing cytokine production, restoring tissue homeostasis without suppressing response. Emerging evidence indicates gut, strengthen function, modulate colitis colon cancer, influence microbiota composition. Summary The strongly supports central maintaining health organ function following inflammatory challenges. highlights potential therapeutic approaches target these pathways for both prevention treatment gut-related conditions.

Language: Английский

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The role of colonic microbiota amino acid metabolism in gut health regulation

Cell Insight, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100227 - 100227

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The human gut microbiota plays a critical role in maintaining host homeostasis through metabolic activities. Among these, amino acid (AA) metabolism by the large intestine is highly heterogeneous and relevant to health. Despite increasing interest, microbial AA remains relatively unexplored. This review highlights recent advances colonic metabolism, including auxotrophies, synthesis, dissimilatory metabolites, their implications health, focusing on major gastrointestinal diseases colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable syndrome.

Language: Английский

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The role of glycans in health and disease: Regulators of the interaction between gut microbiota and host immune system

Seminars in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73, P. 101891 - 101891

Published: May 1, 2024

The human gut microbiota is home to a diverse collection of microorganisms that has co-evolved with the host immune system in which host-microbiota interactions are essential preserve health and homeostasis. Evidence suggests perturbation this symbiotic host-microbiome relationship contributes onset major diseases such as chronic inflammatory including Inflammatory Bowel Disease. glycocalyx (repertoire glycans/sugar-chains at surface mucosa) constitutes biological physical interface between intestinal mucosa microorganisms, well system. Glycans an niche for colonization thus important modulator host-microorganism both homeostasis disease. In review, we discuss role glycome instrumental pathway regulates but also inflammation transition. We power glycosylation remodelling attractive preventive therapeutic strategy

Language: Английский

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Dissecting casual effects of diet on the risk of inflammatory bowel disease and the potential mediation by gut microbiota: a Mendelian randomization study

Food, Nutrition and Health., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Abstract Background Diet plays a fundamental role in maintaining intestinal health. Here, we investigated whether there is the causal association of diet with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and potential effect gut microbiota on these relationships, by using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Materials methods Genetic instruments for 29 dietary intake variables 139 food-liking traits were obtained from UK-Biobank. The GWAS statistics IBD its two subtypes, ulcerative colitis (UC) Crohn's (CD), IEU database. microbiome was MiBioGen alliance. Associations assessed inverse-variance weighted method, MR-Egger, median, simple mode mode. Gut mediated associations IBD. Results We identified between 21 factors (including 3 18 traits) IBD, UC and/or CD. These affected 22 bacteria genera, among them, 9 causally associated risk. Notably, Ruminococcus_torques_group , symbiotic bacterium possessing anti-inflammatory properties, significantly relationship various (e.g., liking acquired taste, strong flavor, blue cheese beans) risks. Ruminococcaceae UCG003 showed significant mediating efficacy relation sharp flavor Conclusion Our study reveals impacts risk provides novel insights modulating as therapeutic targets prevention.

Language: Английский

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Die intestinale Mikrobiota bei chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Die intestinale Mikrobiota umfasst alle lebenden Mikroorganismen im Gastrointestinaltrakt und ist entscheidend für die Funktion des Magen-Darm-Trakts. Klinische Beobachtungen sowie Laborexperimente belegen eine zentrale Rolle der bei chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen (CED). Viele mechanistische Details sind jedoch unklar. Es werden Veränderungen deren kausaler Zusammenhang mit Pathogenese von CED beschrieben. Aktuelle zukünftige diagnostische therapeutische Möglichkeiten diskutiert. Narratives Review. Patienten in ihrer Zusammensetzung, Diversität verändert, spezifische (universale) CED-definierende Bakterien konnten bis jetzt nicht gefunden werden. gesunde hat zahlreiche entzündungshemmende Funktionen, darunter Produktion kurzkettiger Fettsäuren oder Kompetition Pathogenen. CED-Mikrobiota wirkt dagegen durch Destruktion intestinalen Barriere direkte Interaktion dem Immunsystem entzündungsfördernd. Balance zwischen pro- antiinflammatorischen Wirkungen scheint Entstehung Darmentzündung zu sein. Eine mikrobiotabasierte CED-Diagnostik vielversprechend, aber noch den klinischen Einsatz bereit. Probiotika fäkale Mikrobiotatransplantation haben klinische Effekte vor allem Colitis ulcerosa, das Potenzial mikrobiotabasierter Therapien wird annährend ausgeschöpft. CED-Dysbiose bleibt undefiniert. unklar, wie vielen parallel existierenden antientzündlichen Mechanismen zur CED-Pathogenese beitragen. Das unzureichende Verständnis erschwert Entwicklung Diagnostik Therapien.

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Developing IBD counsellors in low- and middle-income countries: bridging gaps in patient care

EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 83, P. 103218 - 103218

Published: April 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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Crosstalk Between Bile Acids and Intestinal Epithelium: Multidimensional Roles of Farnesoid X Receptor and Takeda G Protein Receptor 5

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 4240 - 4240

Published: April 29, 2025

Bile acids and their corresponding intestinal epithelial receptors, the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), G protein-coupled bile acid (TGR5), play crucial roles in physiological pathological processes of cells. These receptors are involved regulation absorption, signal transduction, cellular proliferation repair, senescence, energy metabolism, modulation gut microbiota. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, employing keywords such as acid, receptor, FXR (nr1h4), TGR5 (gpbar1), cells, proliferation, differentiation, microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer (CRC), irritable syndrome (IBS), with a focus on publications available English. This review examines diverse effects signaling pathways metabolism Additionally, it explores interactions between acids, well implications these for host health, particularly relation to prevalent diseases. Finally, highlights importance developing highly specific ligands context metabolic disorders.

Language: Английский

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Dietary Interventions and Oral Nutritional Supplementation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Evidence and Future Directions

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(11), P. 1879 - 1879

Published: May 30, 2025

Background: Nutritional management has become an integral part of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) care, with growing evidence supporting specific dietary interventions alongside pharmacologic therapy. However, clinical guidance remains fragmented due to heterogeneous study designs and variable endpoints. Objectives: This review critically examines the current on strategies oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) in both Crohn’s (CD) Ulcerative Colitis (UC), highlighting their applications, mechanisms action, limitations. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web Science databases, analyzing studies various approaches ONS IBD. Results: Exclusive Enteral Nutrition (EEN) is a first-line therapy pediatric CD, while partial enteral nutrition (PEN) Exclusion Diet (CDED) show promising efficacy better adherence children adults. Whole-food-based interventions, including Mediterranean Diet, Specific Carbohydrate plant-based diets, emerging such as CD-TREAT Tasty & Healthy diet, have demonstrated varying levels benefit disease maintenance symptom control. Targeted exclusion diets—such low-FODMAP, low-emulsifier, low-sulfur diets—may relieve functional symptoms influence inflammatory activity, although preliminary. plays pivotal role addressing malnutrition improving outcomes perioperative hospitalized patients. Conclusions: Dietary represent valuable therapeutic tools IBD management. Future research should prioritize standardized, well-powered trials personalized define within integrated care pathways.

Language: Английский

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Innate Lymphoid Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Cells, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(11), P. 825 - 825

Published: June 2, 2025

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract with rising incidence an unclear etiology. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have recently emerged as key regulators mucosal immunity tissue homeostasis are increasingly implicated in IBD. Unlike adaptive lymphocytes, ILCs do not require antigen recognition clonal expansion to respond rapidly environmental cues shape immune responses. In healthy gut, maintain intestinal by guarding epithelial barrier, protecting against pathogens, mounting proper responses external insults. However, their altered differentiation, proliferation, recruitment, activation, interaction other host cells, microbiota, stimuli may contribute this review, we discuss recent advances understanding murine human context inflammation A deeper ILC-mediated mechanisms offer novel therapeutic strategies for restoring improving personalized management

Language: Английский

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Multiomics analysis reveals the potential mechanism of high‐fat diet in dextran sulfate sodium‐induced colitis mice model

Food Science & Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 8309 - 8323

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

Abstract A high‐fat diet (HFD) is recognized as an important contributor to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the precise underlying mechanism of HFD on IBD remains elusive. This study aimed investigate potential by which affects using 16S rRNA‐sequencing and RNA‐seq technology. Results indicated that HFD‐treated mice exhibited notable alternations in structure composition gut microbiota, with some these being associated pathogenesis IBD. Analysis colon transcriptome revealed 11 hub genes 7 pathways among control, DSS‐induced colitis, + DSS‐treated groups. Further analysis explores relationship between genes, well microbiota. Overall, findings indicate impact colitis may be linked intestinal dysbiosis specific such Abca8b , Ace2 Apoa1 Apoa4 Apoc3 Aspa Dpp4 Maob Slc34a2 Slc7a9 Trpm6 . These results provide valuable insights for determining therapeutic targets addressing HFD‐induced

Language: Английский

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