Chemosphere,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
355, P. 141749 - 141749
Published: March 21, 2024
Plastic
pollution
has
become
a
major
global
concern,
posing
numerous
challenges
for
the
environment
and
wildlife.
Most
conventional
ways
of
plastics
degradation
are
inefficient
cause
great
damage
to
ecosystems.
The
development
biodegradable
offers
promising
solution
waste
management.
These
designed
break
down
under
various
conditions,
opening
up
new
possibilities
mitigate
negative
impact
traditional
plastics.
Microbes,
including
bacteria
fungi,
play
crucial
role
in
bioplastics
by
producing
secreting
extracellular
enzymes,
such
as
cutinase,
lipases,
proteases.
However,
these
microbial
enzymes
sensitive
extreme
environmental
temperature
acidity,
affecting
their
functions
stability.
To
address
challenges,
scientists
have
employed
protein
engineering
immobilization
techniques
enhance
enzyme
stability
predict
structures.
Strategies
improving
substrate
interaction,
increasing
thermostability,
reinforcing
bonding
between
active
site
substrate,
refining
activity
being
utilized
boost
functionality.
Recently,
bioengineering
through
gene
cloning
expression
potential
microorganisms,
revolutionized
biodegradation
bioplastics.
This
review
aimed
discuss
most
recent
strategies
modifying
bioplastic-degrading
terms
functionality,
thermostability
enhancement,
binding
site,
with
other
improvement
surface
action.
Additionally,
discovered
exoenzymes
metagenomics
were
emphasized.
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: Jan. 6, 2023
Traditional
plastics,
such
as
polyethylene
(PE),
polystyrene
(PS),
polypropylene
(PP),
polyvinyl
chloride
(PVC),
terephthalate
(PET),
polyurethane
(PUR),
and
other
plastic
polymers,
are
difficult
to
degrade
gradually
accumulated
in
the
environment
cause
a
serious
environmental
problem,
which
is
urgently
needed
develop
novel
treatments
or
control
technology.
The
biodegradation
of
plastics
has
gained
great
attention
due
advantages
green
safe
characteristics.
Microorganisms
play
vital
role
including
microbes
(
vitro
)
gut
insects
vivo
).
Microbial
degradation
conditions
extremely
slow
for
major
at
rates
on
basis
month
even
year
time,
but
recent
discoveries
show
that
fast
specific
PS,
PE,
PUR,
some
invertebrates,
especially
insects,
could
be
enhanced
hours;
likely
microbial-dependent
synergetic
bioreactions
animal
digestive
systems.
This
review
comprehensively
summarizes
latest
7-year
(2016–2022)
publications
by
microorganisms,
elucidates
mechanism
microbes,
highlights
cutting-edge
perspectives
potential
applications
biodegradation.
Water Research X,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
19, P. 100169 - 100169
Published: Jan. 29, 2023
Microplastics
(MPs)
and
nanoplastics
(NPs)
are
ubiquitous
intractable
in
urban
waters.
Compared
with
MPs,
the
smaller
NPs
have
shown
distinct
physicochemical
features,
such
as
Brownian
motion,
higher
specific
surface
area,
stronger
interaction
other
pollutants.
Therefore,
qualitative
quantitative
analysis
of
is
more
challenging
than
that
MPs.
Moreover,
these
characteristics
endow
significantly
different
environmental
fate,
interactions
pollutants,
eco-impacts
from
those
MPs
Herein,
we
critically
analyze
current
advances
difference
between
Analytical
challenges,
surrounding
comparably
discussed.,
The
characterizations
fate
studies
compared
to
Furthermore,
most
cases
exhibit
pollutants
adverse
on
living
things
Subsequently,
perspective
this
field
proposed
stimulate
further
size-dependent
NPs.
This
review
would
benefit
understanding
role
water
ecosystem
guide
future
plastic
pollution
management.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(4), P. 3877 - 3877
Published: Feb. 15, 2023
The
accumulation
of
synthetic
plastic
waste
in
the
environment
has
become
a
global
concern.
Microbial
enzymes
(purified
or
as
whole-cell
biocatalysts)
represent
emerging
biotechnological
tools
for
circularity;
they
can
depolymerize
materials
into
reusable
building
blocks,
but
their
contribution
must
be
considered
within
context
present
management
practices.
This
review
reports
on
prospective
bio-recycling
framework
Europe.
Available
biotechnology
support
polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET)
recycling.
However,
PET
represents
only
≈7%
unrecycled
waste.
Polyurethanes,
principal
fraction,
together
with
other
thermosets
and
more
recalcitrant
thermoplastics
(e.g.,
polyolefins)
are
next
plausible
target
enzyme-based
depolymerization,
even
if
this
process
is
currently
effective
ideal
polyester-based
polymers.
To
extend
to
circularity,
optimization
collection
sorting
systems
should
feed
chemoenzymatic
technologies
treatment
mixed
In
addition,
new
bio-based
lower
environmental
impact
comparison
approaches
developed
(available
new)
materials,
that
designed
required
durability
being
susceptible
action
enzymes.
Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
10, P. 100327 - 100327
Published: May 1, 2023
The
quantity
of
plastic
materials
produced
worldwide
is
progressively
increasing.
For
instance,
annual
global
production
has
increased
from
1.5
to
390.7
million
metric
tons
1950
2021.
Meanwhile,
inefficient
management
strategies
have
resulted
in
huge
waste
disposal
(i.e.,
the
form
macro-,
micro-,
and
nanoplastics)
environment
a
hostile
manner.
In
particular,
such
uncontrollable
discarding
paves
entrance
pollution
into
as
microplastics
(μPs)
after
degradation
macroplastics.
this
respect,
marine
environments
are
most
typical
regions
prone
μP
pollution.
These
ubiquitous
emerging
pollutants
can
also
adsorb
other
pollutants,
organic
materials,
toxic
heavy
metal
ions,
pathogens,
transfer
them
living
organisms.
main
theme
present
study
compile
information
on
how
affects
ecosystem,
with
particular
emphasis
following
key
factors:
(i)
types
sources
μPs,
particularly
those
entering
sinks;
(ii)
mechanisms
leading
μPs'
degradation;
(iii)
poisonous
effects
μPs
biota
humans;
(iv)
fate
environment,
including
their
transportation
routes
deposition
modes,
(v)
recent
developments
characterization,
separation,
removal
environment.
presented
here
would
be
practical
for
developing
effective
risk
plans.
