The Function of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Associated with Drought Stress Resistance in Native Plants of Arid Desert Ecosystems: A Review

Diversity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 391 - 391

Published: March 8, 2023

Drought stress profoundly affects native desert plants’ survival and performance. Among all the abiotic stresses, drought is considered a major constraint that influences structure functions of ecosystems. Arid ecosystems are characterized by prolonged drought, extreme temperatures, high solar radiation, water scarcity, salinity, scarcity soil nutrients, poor structure. Such environments toughest regions on earth, which present enormous challenges in conserving plant survival, growth reproduction. Despite predominance these environmental conditions, species grow develop complex adaptation strategies resistance mechanisms to ameliorate biotic stresses including changes biochemical, physiological, morphological levels. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form positive symbiotic associations with considerable percentage terrestrial plants as their host, induce distinct impacts protect from stresses. However, it necessary advance our understanding associated AMF-mediated other dark septate endophytes (DSE)-mediated amelioration biological adjustments such hormone balance, nutrient status, stomatal conductance osmotic adjustment, antioxidant activity, photosynthetic activity. This review provides an overview relationships mycorrhiza fungal involved tolerance, summarizing current knowledge presenting possible mediated AMF stimulate tolerance plants. We discuss research required fill gaps provide suggestions for future research.

Language: Английский

---

Arbuscular mycorrhiza: advances and retreats in our understanding of the ecological functioning of the mother of all root symbioses

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 489(1-2), P. 41 - 88

Published: May 2, 2023

Abstract Background Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis has been referred to as the mother of all plant root symbioses it predated evolution roots. The AM research is a multidisciplinary field at intersection soil science, mycology, and botany. However, in recent decades nature properties soils, which develops functions, have received less attention than desired. Scope In this review we discuss number developments research. We particularly cover role acquisition phosphorus, nitrogen, heavy metals metalloids, well water by plants from soil; effects on nutritional stoichiometry carbon cycle; hyphosphere microbiome; so-called facultative plants; explanations for lack benefit; common networks; arbuscular ectomycorrhizal ecosystems. Conclusion reflect what previously described ‘dogmas’. conclude that these are fact generalisations supported multiple studies, while admitting there potentially geographical bias developed temperate boreal regions, other ecosystems might uncover greater diversity viable non-mycorrhizal strategies currently acknowledged. also note an increasing tendency overinterpret data, may lead stagnation some fields due experiments designed test mechanistic basis processes rather cumulating descriptive studies correlative evidences.

Language: Английский

---

Root-associated Helotiales fungi: Overlooked players in plant nutrition

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 191, P. 109363 - 109363

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Fungi contribute to plant mineral nutrition through diverse symbiotic mycorrhizal associations. Although historically most attention has been put on Glomeromycotina fungi establishing the ancestral arbuscular symbiosis, other fungal lineages have developed similar but evolutionarily younger associations with plants. The Helotiales, a largely understudied order, is emerging as key lineage in fungus-mediated nutrient acquisition by Indeed, these can form ericoid mycorrhizae or ectomycorrhizae while some isolates behave so-called "mycorrhizal-like" capable of transferring nutrients their hosts non-symbiotic way, i.e. without forming differentiated cellular structures inside roots, and proven nutritional reciprocity from plant. Here, we explore current knowledge about phylogeny plant-beneficial Helotiales cover recent advances roles they play nutrition, highlighting potential alternatives AM symbiosis for uptake.

Language: Английский

---

Towards a Better Understanding of Melanins from Dark Septate Endophytes (DSEs): Their Variability, Synthesis Pathways and Biological Roles

Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 1650 - 1664

Published: March 11, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Composition and Biodiversity of Culturable Endophytic Fungi in the Roots of Alpine Medicinal Plants in Xinjiang, China

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 113 - 113

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

(1) Background: Endophytic fungi play an important role in plant growth and stress resistance. The presence of a special fungal taxon such as the dark septate endophytic (DSE) alpine environments is particularly for resistance to environmental stresses. However, composition root different between host plants has not been well studied. (2) Results: A total 408 culturable were isolated from roots Saussurea involucrata Rhodiola crenulata which collected 5 plots Tianshan Karakoram Mountains Xinjiang region, belonging 91 species, 54 genera, 31 families, 3 phyla based on morphological characteristics molecular sequence. Among them, DSE dominant group, accounting 52.94%, Leptodontidium orchidicola was species. In addition, we also compared diversity sites, with emphasis taxa DSE. (3) Conclusions: cultural are significantly two medicinal species across various locations. Some showed preferences or environment. resources, especially DSE, very rich plants, indicating that these may crucial ecological adaptation harsh environments.

Language: Английский

---

Effects of a dark septate endophyte and extracellular metabolites on alfalfa root exudates: a non‐targeted metabolomics analysis

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Dark septate endophytes (DSE) are widespread colonizers of plant roots and have important ecological functions such as the regulation growth nutrient uptake. The mechanisms by which DSE mycelium its extracellular metabolites promote not yet been determined. Here, growth‐promoting effects (H) (M) on alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) were investigated. Treatments H, M HM increased total biomass 23.9%, 47.2% 47.1%, respectively. H modified root structure increasing volume reducing tissue density, promoting Metabolomic analysis indicates that exudates contained 204 different types, mainly lipids lipid‐like molecules, organic acids derivatives, benzenoids. There more organoheterocyclic compounds fewer derivatives in treatment than M. Pathway shows had greater glycerophospholipid metabolism N‐glycan biosynthesis pathway. results provide information involved metabolic promotion DSE.

Language: Английский

---

Importance of Dark Septate Endophytes in Agriculture in the Face of Climate Change

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(5), P. 329 - 329

Published: April 30, 2024

Climate change is a notable challenge for agriculture as it affects crop productivity and yield. Increases in droughts, salinity, soil degradation are some of the major consequences climate change. The use microorganisms has emerged an alternative to mitigate effects Among these microorganisms, dark septate endophytes (DSEs) have garnered increasing attention recent years. Dark shown capacity mitigating reducing harmful agriculture, such drought, reduced nutrient availability soil. Various studies show that their association with plants helps reduce abiotic stresses increases availability, enabling thrive under adverse conditions. In this study, effect DSEs underlying mechanisms help develop higher tolerance were reviewed.

Language: Английский

---

Alleviation of Salt Stress and Changes in Glycyrrhizic Acid Accumulation by Dark Septate Endophytes in Glycyrrhiza glabra Grown under Salt Stress

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 72(26), P. 14557 - 14569

Published: June 19, 2024

This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which dark septate endophytes (DSE) regulate salt tolerance and accumulation of bioactive constituents in licorice. First, stress resynthesis with plant effect isolated DSE from wild licorice were tested. Second, performance inoculated DSE, had best salt-tolerant growth-promoting effects, was examined under stress. All showed promoted growth, withCurvularia lunata D43 being most effective. Under stress, C. could promote increase antioxidant enzyme activities, enhance glycyrrhizic acid accumulation, improve key activities synthesis pathway, induce expression gene The structural equation model demonstrated that alleviate negative effects through direct indirect pathways. Variations expression, constituent concentration can be attributed DSE. These results contribute revealing value for cultivating medicinal plants saline soils.

Language: Английский

---

Importance of Dark Septate Endophytes in Agriculture in the Face of Climate Change

Published: March 7, 2024

Climate change is a big challenge for agriculture since it affects crop productivity and yield. The increase of droughts, salinity, soil degradation are some the main consequences climate change. use microorganisms has emerged as an alternative to mitigate them. Among these microorganisms, dark septate endophytes (DSEs) have garnered more attention in recent years. Various studies show that their association with plants helps reduce harmful effects abiotic stresses increases nutrient availability, allowing thrive under adverse conditions. This work reviews effect DSEs subjacent mechanisms will help develop higher tolerance

Language: Английский

---

Wildfire impacts on root‐associated fungi and predicted plant–soil feedbacks in the boreal forest: Research progress and recommendations

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 37(8), P. 2110 - 2125

Published: Oct. 18, 2022

Abstract Root‐associated fungi play a critical role in plant ecophysiology, growth and subsequent responses to disturbances, so they are thought be particularly instrumental shaping vegetation dynamics after fire the boreal forest. Despite increasing data on distribution of fungal taxonomic diversity through space time ecosystems, there knowledge gaps with respect linking these patterns ecosystem function process. Here we explore what is currently known about postfire root‐associated We focus wildfire impacts mycorrhizal relationships between plant–fungal interactions forest recovery an effort whether underlie plant–soil feedbacks that may influence fire‐facilitated shifts. characterize mechanisms by which influences community assembly. identify scenarios represent putative positive negative impact successional trajectories. highlight need for empirical field observations experiments inform our ability translate ecological application models. suggest understanding plants predict effects patterns, function, future landscape flammability climate. Read free Plain Language Summary this article Journal blog.

Language: Английский

---