Brain–gut–microbiota axis in depression: A historical overview and future directions

Brain Research Bulletin, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 182, P. 44 - 56

Published: Feb. 11, 2022

Depression is the most common mental disorder and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Despite abundant research, precise mechanisms underlying pathophysiology depression remain elusive. Accumulating evidence from preclinical clinical studies suggests that alterations in gut microbiota, microbe-derived short-chain fatty acids, D-amino acids metabolites play key role via brain–gut–microbiota axis, including neural immune systems. Notably, axis might crucial susceptibility versus resilience rodents exposed to stress. Vagotomy reported block depression-like phenotypes after fecal microbiota transplantation "depression-related" microbiome, suggesting vagus nerve influences through axis. In this article, we review recent findings regarding discuss its potential as therapeutic target for depression.

Language: Английский

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Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Host Immunity: Impact on Inflammation and Immunotherapy

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 294 - 294

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Gut microbes and their metabolites are actively involved in the development regulation of host immunity, which can influence disease susceptibility. Herein, we review most recent research advancements gut microbiota–immune axis. We discuss detail how microbiota is a tipping point for neonatal immune as indicated by newly uncovered phenomenon, such maternal imprinting, utero intestinal metabolome, weaning reaction. describe shapes both innate adaptive immunity with emphasis on short-chain fatty acids secondary bile acids. also comprehensively delineate disruption axis results immune-mediated diseases, gastrointestinal infections, inflammatory bowel cardiometabolic disorders (e.g., cardiovascular diabetes, hypertension), autoimmunity rheumatoid arthritis), hypersensitivity asthma allergies), psychological anxiety), cancer colorectal hepatic). further encompass role fecal transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics, dietary polyphenols reshaping therapeutic potential. Continuing, examine modulates therapies, including checkpoint inhibitors, JAK anti-TNF therapies. lastly mention current challenges metagenomics, germ-free models, recapitulation to achieve fundamental understanding regulates immunity. Altogether, this proposes improving immunotherapy efficacy from perspective microbiome-targeted interventions.

Language: Английский

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Brain endothelial GSDMD activation mediates inflammatory BBB breakdown

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 629(8013), P. 893 - 900

Published: April 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Newborns as a Challenge for an Appropriate Nutrition: A Narrative Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 1405 - 1405

Published: March 28, 2022

The second and third trimesters of pregnancy are crucial for the anatomical functional development gastrointestinal (GI) tract. If premature birth occurs, immaturity digestive absorptive processes GI motility represent a critical challenge to meet adequate nutritional needs, leading poor extrauterine growth other complications. Knowledge main developmental stages involved in digestion absorption proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, as well maturational phases underlying motility, may aid clinicians optimize management preterm infants. these systems functions negatively influence patterns gut colonization, predisposing an abnormal microbiome. This, turn, further contributes alter functional, immune, neural tract and, especially infants, has been associated with increased risk severe complications, such necrotizing enterocolitis. Deeper understanding physiological colonization term infants support promotion avoidance microbial perturbations several diseases throughout life. This review aims provide global overview on features their implications following birth. We will particularly focus differences intestinal functionality, gut–brain axis interaction, microbiomes.

Language: Английский

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Dysbiosis of a microbiota–immune metasystem in critical illness is associated with nosocomial infections

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 1017 - 1027

Published: March 9, 2023

Critically ill patients in intensive care units experience profound alterations of their gut microbiota that have been linked to a high risk hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infections and adverse outcomes through unclear mechanisms. Abundant mouse limited human data suggest the can contribute maintenance systemic immune homeostasis, intestinal dysbiosis may lead defects defense against infections. Here we use integrated systems-level analyses fecal dynamics rectal swabs single-cell profiling inflammatory responses prospective longitudinal cohort study critically show immunity function as an metasystem, where is coupled impaired host increased frequency nosocomial Longitudinal analysis by 16s rRNA gene sequencing blood using mass cytometry revealed during acute critical illness were highly interconnected dominated Enterobacteriaceae enrichment, dysregulated myeloid cell amplified inflammation, with lesser impact on adaptive mechanisms defense. Intestinal enrichment was innate antimicrobial effector responses, including hypofunctional immature neutrophils associated various bacterial fungal pathogens. Collectively, our findings metasystem between response drive susceptibility illness.

Language: Английский

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Effects of vaginal microbiota transfer on the neurodevelopment and microbiome of cesarean-born infants: A blinded randomized controlled trial

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(7), P. 1232 - 1247.e5

Published: June 16, 2023

Language: Английский

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Clinical implications of preterm infant gut microbiome development

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 22 - 33

Published: Dec. 23, 2021

Language: Английский

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Bacteroidota and Lachnospiraceae integration into the gut microbiome at key time points in early life are linked to infant neurodevelopment

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

The early life microbiome plays critical roles in host development, shaping long-term outcomes including brain functioning. It is not known which initial infant colonizers elicit optimal neurodevelopment; thus, this study investigated the association between gut succession from first week of and head circumference growth (HCG), earliest validated marker for neurodevelopment. Fecal samples were collected weekly a preterm cohort during their neonatal intensive care unit stay subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing evaluating composition, conjunction with clinical data measurements. Preterm infants suboptimal HCG trajectories had depletion abundance/prevalence Bacteroidota Lachnospiraceae, independent morbidity caloric restriction. severity matched timing significant pattern separation groups at 30-week postmenstrual age demonstrating potential mediating relationship resultant practices. Consideration variables indicated that primarily driven by dispersal limitation (i.e., delivery mode) secondarily habitat filtering antibiotics enteral feeding). Lachnospiraceae are core taxa adult microbiome, dietary glycan foraging, beneficial metabolite production immunity, our work provides evidence integration into needs occur

Language: Английский

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Next-generation biomonitoring of the early-life chemical exposome in neonatal and infant development

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: May 12, 2022

Exposure to synthetic and natural chemicals is a major environmental risk factor in the etiology of many chronic diseases. Investigating complex co-exposures necessary for holistic assessment exposome-wide association studies. In this work, sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry approach was developed validated. The assay enables analysis more than 80 highly-diverse xenobiotics urine, serum/plasma, breast milk; with detection limits generally pg-ng mL

Language: Английский

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Sepsis-Induced Gut Dysbiosis Mediates the Susceptibility to Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy in Mice

mSystems, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(3)

Published: June 1, 2022

The bidirectional interactions between the gut microbiota and sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) are not well characterized. We found that was more severely disturbed in SAE-susceptible (SES) mice than SAE-resistant (SER) after sepsis modeling.

Language: Английский

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