Networks of gut bacteria relate to cardiovascular disease in a multi-ethnic population: the HELIUS study

Cardiovascular Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 120(4), P. 372 - 384

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Abstract Aims Gut microbiota have been linked to blood lipid levels and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The composition abundance of gut trophic networks differ between ethnicities. We aim evaluate the relationship microbiotal CVD phenotypes. Methods results included cross-sectional data from 3860 individuals without history 6 ethnicities living in Amsterdam region participating prospective Healthy Life Urban Setting (HELIUS) study. Genetic variants were genotyped, faecal profiled, anthropometric parameters measured. A machine learning approach was used assess risk (Framingham score) stratified by ethnicity. Potential causal relationships inferred performing two-sample Mendelian randomization with hard events Pan-UK Biobank microbiome genome-wide association studies summary a subset HELIUS cohort (n = 4117). Microbial taxa identified be associated often ethnic-specific, but some concordance across found. microbes Akkermansia muciniphila Ruminococcaceae UCG-002 protective against ischaemic heart disease African-Surinamese Moroccans, respectively. strong inverse lipids, risk, combined correlated Christensenellaceae–Methanobrevibacter–Ruminococcaceae (CMR). CMR cluster also two independent cohorts triglycerides replicated. Conclusion Certain can potentially events, possible ethnic-specific effects. network centred around Christensenellaceae, Methanobrevibacter, various Ruminococcaceae, frequently lacking South-Asian Surinamese, low triglyceride levels.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Early-Life Microbiota on Immune System Development and Allergic Disorders

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 121 - 121

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Introduction: The shaping of the human intestinal microbiota starts during intrauterine period and continues through subsequent stages extrauterine life. plays a significant role in predisposition development immune diseases, as well various inflammatory processes. Importantly, proper colonization fetal digestive system is influenced by maternal microbiota, method pregnancy completion further formation microbiota. In child's life, breastfeeding, diet use antibiotics influence state eubiosis, which determines growth from neonatal to adulthood. literature data suggest that there evidence confirm infant an important regulating response associated with allergic diseases. However, identification specific bacterial species relation types reactions diseases basic problem. Background: main aim review was demonstrate mother, fetus newborn on functioning context allergies asthma. Methods: We reviewed thoroughly analyzed content over 1000 articles abstracts between beginning June end August 2024. Over 150 were selected for detailed study. Results: selection based PubMed National Library Medicine search engine, using keywords: "the impact asthma", "intestinal diseases", "intrauterine atopic dermatitis", food allergies", "maternal microbiota", "fetal microbiota" "neonatal microbiota". above relationships constituted criteria including analysis. Conclusions: present review, we showed relationship normal system. eubiosis adequate amount diversity essential preventing way shaped, resulting health-promoting behavior pregnant women, rational conduct medical staff performance diagnostic therapeutic process, necessary maintain health mother child. Therefore, appropriate lifestyle, antibiotic therapy completing are indispensable prevention conditions. At same time, considering genera phyla bacteria have potentially protective effect, it worth noting suitable probiotics prebiotics seems contribute effect.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiome Changes in Anorexia Nervosa: A Comprehensive Review

Pathophysiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31(1), P. 68 - 88

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Anorexia nervosa (AN) remains a challenging condition in psychiatric management and its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. An imbalance the gut microbiota composition may contribute to pathophysiology. This review aims explore link between human AN (objective 1) or refeeding syndrome 2). The online databases MEDLINE PsycINFO were searched for relevant studies. A total of 14 studies met inclusion exclusion criteria only answered objective 1. 476 patients, 554 healthy-weight (HC) controls, 0 patients with other disorders included. Compared HC, there consistently reduced abundances Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Roseburia inulinivorans, increased Methanobrevibacter smithii, patients. Changes alpha diversity inconsistent, while beta four six Our model suggests that an leads short-chain fatty acids, contributing proinflammatory state AN, which also common comorbidities. Microbial changes semistarvation through endocrine altered energy utilization.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota in Nutrition and Health with a Special Focus on Specific Bacterial Clusters

Cells, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(19), P. 3091 - 3091

Published: Sept. 30, 2022

Health is influenced by how the gut microbiome develops as a result of external and internal factors, such nutrition, environment, medication use, age, sex, genetics. Alpha beta diversity metrics (enterotype) clustering methods are commonly employed to perform population studies analyse effects various treatments, yet, with continuous development (new) sequencing technologies, omics fields become more accessible for investigation, increasingly sophisticated methodologies needed indeed being developed in order disentangle complex ways which health intertwined. Diseases affluence, type 2 diabetes (T2D) cardiovascular diseases (CVD), linked species associated Bacteroides enterotype(s) decline (beneficial) microbial trophic networks, turn aforementioned factors. In this review, we (1) explore that some most common factors have on composition these relate T2D CVD, (2) discuss research opportunities enabled limitations latest technical developments sector, including use artificial intelligence (AI), strain tracking, peak trough ratios.

Language: Английский

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Causal relationships between gut microbiota and programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death-ligand 1: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 9, 2023

Background Multiple clinical studies have indicated that the gut microbiota influences effects of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy comprising PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, but causal relationship is unclear. Because numerous confounders, many microbes related to not been identified. This study aimed determine between and identify possible biomarkers for ICB therapy. Method We used bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization with two different thresholds explore potential species-level GWAS verify result. Result In primary forward analysis, genus_Holdemanella showed a negative correlation PD-1 [βIVW = -0.25; 95% CI (-0.43 -0.07); P FDR 0.028] genus_Prevotella9 positive 0.2; (0.1 0.4); 0.027]; order_Rhodospirillales 0.044], family_Rhodospirillaceae (0 0.032], genus_Ruminococcaceae_UCG005 0.29; (0.08 0.5); 0.028], genus_Ruminococcus_gnavus_group 0.22; (0.05 0.029], genus_Coprococcus_2 0.4; 0.6); 0.018] were positively correlated PD-L1; phylum_Firmicutes -0.3; (-0.4 -0.1); 0.031], family_ClostridialesvadinBB60group -0.31; (-0.5 -0.11), 0.008], family_Ruminococcaceae -0.33; (-0.58 0.049], genus_Ruminococcaceae_UCG014 -0.35; (-0.57 -0.13); 0.006] negatively PD-L1. The one significant species in further analysis was species_Parabacteroides_unclassified (0-0.4); 0.029]. Heterogeneity (P > 0.05) pleiotropy analyses confirmed robustness MR results.

Language: Английский

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Fructose catabolism and its metabolic effects: Exploring host–microbiota interactions and the impact of ethnicity

The Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Important health disparities are observed in the prevalence of obesity and associated non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including type 2 diabetes (T2D) metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) among ethnic groups. Yet, underlying factors accounting for these remain poorly understood. Fructose has been widely proposed as a potential mediator NCDs, given that hepatic fructose catabolism can result deleterious effects, insulin resistance steatosis. Moreover, fermentation by gut microbiota produce metabolites such ethanol acetate, both which serve substrates de novo lipogenesis (DNL) could therefore contribute to development conditions. Significant inter-ethnic differences composition have observed. consumption varies across groups, intake demonstrated significantly alter composition, influence its fermenting properties effects. Therefore, may be influenced variations consumption, disparities. This review provides an overview complex interactions between host microbial catabolism, role ethnicity shaping processes their impact on health. Understanding provide insights into mechanisms driving improve personalized nutrition strategies. KEY POINTS: Dietary increased substantially over recent decades, with rising (NCDs) disease. Pronounced different groups NCD dietary underscore need elucidate Together well-known toxic effects emerging evidence highlights small intestinal sugars like various bacterial products There significant that, combined varying mediate To comprehensively understand mediating fructose-induced adverse future research should focus microbiota. Future - account habits mentioned

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in therapeutic probiotics: insights from human trials

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 22, 2025

SUMMARY Recent advances in therapeutic probiotics have shown promising results across various health conditions, reflecting a growing understanding of the human microbiome’s role and disease. However, comprehensive reviews integrating diverse effects subjects been limited. By analyzing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) meta-analyses, this review provides overview key developments probiotic interventions targeting gut, liver, skin, vaginal, mental, oral health. Emerging evidence supports efficacy specific strains combinations treating wide range disorders, from gastrointestinal (GI) liver diseases to dermatological bacterial vaginosis, mental diseases. We discuss expanding microbiome-organ connections underlying mechanisms action. While many clinical demonstrate significant benefits, we acknowledge areas requiring further large-scale studies establish definitive optimal treatment protocols. The addresses challenges standardizing research methodologies emphasizes importance considering individual variations microbiome composition host genetics. Additionally, explore emerging concepts such as oral-gut-brain axis future directions, including high-resolution profiling, host-microbe interaction studies, organoid models, artificial intelligence applications research. Overall, offers update on current state multiple domains health, providing insights into directions potential for revolutionize preventive medicine.

Language: Английский

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Early-life and concurrent predictors of the healthy adolescent microbiome in a cohort study

Genome Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: May 8, 2025

The microbiome of adolescents is poorly understood, as are factors influencing its composition. We aimed to describe the healthy adolescent and identify early-life concurrent predictors performed metagenomic sequencing 247 fecal specimens from 167 aged 11-14 years participating in Health Outcomes Measures Environment (HOME) Study, a longitudinal pregnancy birth cohort (Cincinnati, OH). described common features gut applied self-organizing maps (SOMs)-a machine-learning approach-to distinct microbial profiles (n = 4). Using prospectively collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, diet, sexual maturation, we identified associated with diversity phylum relative abundance linear regression models composition Kruskal-Wallis Fisher's exact tests. found that household income other were consistent microbiome, higher lower differential abundances Firmicutes (increased) Actinobacteria (decreased). Sexual chronological age, was related females differences compositional both males females. Our study suggests adolescence unique window for it may be shaped by exposures, highlighting potential future epidemiologic research.

Language: Английский

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Winds of change a tale of: asthma and microbiome

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Dec. 11, 2023

The role of the microbiome in asthma is highlighted, considering its influence on immune responses and connection to alterations asthmatic patients. In this context, we review variables influencing phenotypes from a perspective provide insights into microbiome's pathogenesis. Previous cohort studies patients with have shown that presence genera such as Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides gut has been associated protection against disease. While, other Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Moraxella respiratory implicated pathogenesis, indicating potential link between microbial dysbiosis development asthma. Furthermore, infections demonstrated impact composition upper tract microbiota, increasing susceptibility bacterial diseases potentially triggering exacerbations. By understanding interplay asthma, valuable disease mechanisms can be gained, leading novel therapeutic approaches.

Language: Английский

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Enhanced interactions among gut mycobiomes with the deterioration of glycemic control

Med, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(8), P. 909 - 925.e7

Published: April 25, 2024

Language: Английский

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