Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Feb. 17, 2025
Achyranthes
japonica
(Miq.)
Nakai
(AJN)
and
Melandrium
firmum
(Siebold
Zucc.)
Rohrb.
(MFR)
are
medicinal
plants
recognized
for
their
bioactive
phytochemicals,
including
ecdysteroids,
anthraquinones,
flavonoids.
This
study
investigates
the
anticancer
properties
of
key
constituents
these
plants,
focusing
on
BK002
formulation,
a
novel
combination
AJN
MFR.
Specifically,
research
employs
advanced
molecular
docking
in
silico
analyses
to
assess
interactions
compounds
ecdysterone,
inokosterone,
20-hydroxyecdysone
(20-HE)
with
prostate
cancer-related
network
proteins,
5α-reductase,
CYP17,
DNMT1,
Dicer,
PD-1,
PD-L1.
Molecular
techniques
were
applied
evaluate
binding
affinities
contributions
against
cancer-hub
targets.
The
primary
focus
was
enzymes
like
5α-reductase
which
central
androgen
biosynthesis,
as
well
proteins
such
DNA
methyltransferase
1
(DNMT1),
programmed
death-1
(PD-1),
death
ligand-1
(PD-L1).
Based
data
from
cancer
patients,
target
networks
identified,
followed
by
analysis
components
BK002.In
assessments
conducted
safety
profiles
compounds,
providing
insights
into
therapeutic
potential.
studies
revealed
that
20-hydroxyecdysonec
demonstrated
strong
critical
contributing
potential
reduction
androgenic
activity.
These
also
exhibited
significant
inhibitory
PD-L1,
suggesting
capacity
interfere
oncogenic
immune
evasion
pathways.
Ecdysterone,
have
ability
pathways,
favorable
affinity
further
underscore
agents
cancer.
findings
provide
rationale
preclinical
clinical
investigations,
supporting
integration
regimens
aimed
at
modulating
tumor
progression
responses.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: May 11, 2023
Abstract
Angiogenesis,
the
formation
of
new
blood
vessels,
is
a
complex
and
dynamic
process
regulated
by
various
pro-
anti-angiogenic
molecules,
which
plays
crucial
role
in
tumor
growth,
invasion,
metastasis.
With
advances
molecular
cellular
biology,
biomolecules
such
as
growth
factors,
chemokines,
adhesion
factors
involved
angiogenesis
has
gradually
been
elucidated.
Targeted
therapeutic
research
based
on
these
molecules
driven
treatment
to
become
promising
strategy
anti-tumor
therapy.
The
most
widely
used
agents
include
monoclonal
antibodies
tyrosine
kinase
inhibitors
(TKIs)
targeting
vascular
endothelial
factor
(VEGF)
pathway.
However,
clinical
benefit
this
modality
still
limited
due
several
defects
adverse
events,
acquired
drug
resistance,
recurrence,
lack
validated
biomarkers,
impel
further
mechanisms
angiogenesis,
development
multiple
drugs
combination
therapy
figure
out
how
improve
efficacy.
Here,
we
broadly
summarize
signaling
pathways
discuss
current
challenges
We
also
propose
approaches
efficacy
provide
perspective
for
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: Feb. 5, 2024
Abstract
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
nano-sized,
membranous
structures
secreted
into
the
extracellular
space.
They
exhibit
diverse
sizes,
contents,
and
surface
markers
ubiquitously
released
from
cells
under
normal
pathological
conditions.
Human
serum
is
a
rich
source
of
these
EVs,
though
their
isolation
proteins
non-EV
lipid
particles
poses
challenges.
These
transport
various
cellular
components
such
as
proteins,
mRNAs,
miRNAs,
DNA,
lipids
across
distances,
influencing
numerous
physiological
events,
including
those
within
tumor
microenvironment
(TME).
Their
pivotal
roles
in
communication
make
EVs
promising
candidates
for
therapeutic
agents,
drug
delivery
systems,
disease
biomarkers.
Especially
cancer
diagnostics,
EV
detection
can
pave
way
early
identification
offers
potential
diagnostic
Moreover,
subtypes
emerging
targeted
tools,
highlighting
clinical
significance.
The
need
non-invasive
biomarkers
to
monitor
biological
processes
purposes
remains
unfulfilled.
Tapping
unique
composition
could
unlock
advanced
avenues
future.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
detail
conditions,
cancers
(encompassing
head
neck,
lung,
gastric,
breast,
hepatocellular
carcinoma),
neurodegenerative
disorders,
diabetes,
viral
infections,
autoimmune
renal
diseases,
emphasizing
advancements
molecular
diagnostics
delivery.
Cancer Cell International,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: April 10, 2023
Abstract
Cancer
is
still
the
leading
cause
of
death
globally.
The
approval
therapeutic
use
monoclonal
antibodies
against
immune
checkpoint
molecules,
notably
those
that
target
proteins
PD-1
and
PD-L1,
has
changed
landscape
cancer
treatment.
In
particular,
first-line
PD-1/PD-L1
inhibitor
drugs
are
increasingly
common
for
treatment
metastatic
cancer,
significantly
prolonging
patient
survival.
Despite
benefits
brought
by
inhibitors
(ICIs)-based
therapy,
majority
patients
had
their
diseases
worsen
following
a
promising
initial
response.
To
increase
effectiveness
ICIs
advance
our
understanding
mechanisms
causing
resistance,
it
crucial
to
find
new,
effective,
tolerable
combination
treatments.
this
article,
we
addressed
potential
solid
tumors
offer
some
insight
into
molecular
pathways
behind
resistance
ICIs.
We
also
discuss
cutting-edge
methods
reactivating
T-cell
responsiveness
after
been
established.
Cell Death and Disease,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: Jan. 18, 2022
Abstract
Chemoresistance
and
metastasis
are
the
major
challenges
for
current
ovarian
cancer
treatment.
Understanding
mechanisms
of
progression
is
critically
important
developing
novel
therapies.
The
advances
in
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
research
recent
years
have
attracted
extensive
attention.
EVs
contain
a
variety
proteins,
RNAs,
DNAs,
metabolites.
Accumulating
evidence
indicates
that
cells
secrete
large
amount
EVs,
playing
an
role
tumor
recurrence.
In
microenvironment
tumor,
participate
information
transmission
between
stromal
immune
cells,
promoting
escape
facilitating
metastasis.
Here,
we
review
chemoresistance,
metastasis,
evasion
cancer.
Furthermore,
also
discuss
EV
future
application
as
promising
biomarker
sources
response
to
therapy
therapy-delivery
approaches
patients.
Journal of Clinical Oncology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
41(22), P. 3839 - 3850
Published: June 8, 2023
There
is
an
unmet
need
for
therapeutic
options
that
prolong
survival
patients
with
heavily
pretreated,
metastatic
castration-resistant
prostate
cancer
(mCRPC).
The
phase
III,
open-label
KEYLYNK-010
study
evaluated
pembrolizumab
plus
olaparib
versus
a
next-generation
hormonal
agent
(NHA)
biomarker-unselected,
previously
treated
mCRPC.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11(15)
Published: Jan. 18, 2024
Abstract
The
chemo‐regulation
abilities
of
chemotherapeutic
medications
are
appealing
to
address
the
low
immunogenicity,
immunosuppressive
lactate
microenvironment,
and
adaptive
immune
resistance
colorectal
cancer.
In
this
work,
proteolysis
targeting
chimera
(PROTAC)
BRD4
(dBET57)
is
found
downregulate
cancer
glycolysis
through
transcription
inhibition
c‐Myc,
which
also
inhibits
expression
programmed
death
ligand
1
(PD‐L1)
reverse
evasion
avoid
resistance.
Based
on
this,
self‐delivery
nano‐PROTACs
(designated
as
DdLD
NPs)
further
fabricated
by
self‐assembly
doxorubicin
(DOX)
dBET57
with
assistance
DSPE‐PEG
2000
.
NPs
can
improve
stability,
intracellular
delivery,
tumor
accumulation
DOX
dBET57.
Meanwhile,
effect
efficiently
destroy
cells
trigger
a
robust
immunogenic
cell
(ICD).
More
importantly,
effects
inhibit
reduce
production,
PD‐L1
degradation.
Taking
advantages
chemotherapy
ability,
systemically
activated
antitumor
immunity
suppress
primary
metastatic
progression
without
inducing
any
systemic
side
effects.
Such
may
provide
new
insight
for
chemotherapy‐enabled
immunotherapy.
Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
35(11)
Published: Aug. 31, 2021
Abstract
Solid
cancers
comprise
a
large
number
of
new
cases
and
deaths
from
cancer
each
year
globally.
There
are
strategies
for
addressing
tumors
raised
solid
organs
including
surgery,
chemotherapy,
radiotherapy,
targeted
therapy,
immunotherapy,
combinational
stem
cell
extracellular
vesicle
(EV)
therapy.
Surgery,
chemotherapy
the
dominant
cures,
but
not
always
effective,
in
which
even
localized
tumor
there
is
possibility
relapse
after
surgical
resection.
Over
half
patients
will
receive
radiotherapy
as
part
their
therapeutic
schedule.
Radiotherapy
can
cause
an
abscopal
response
boosting
activity
immune
system
outside
local
field
radiation,
it
may
also
unwanted
bystander
effect,
predisposing
nonradiated
cells
into
carcinogenesis.
In
context
checkpoint
inhibition
known
standard‐of‐care,
major
concern
regard
with
cold
that
show
low
responses
to
such
Stem‐cell
therapy
be
used
send
prodrugs
toward
area;
this
strategy,
however,
has
its
own
predicaments,
attraction
other
sites
healthy
tissues
instability.
A
substitute
quite
novel
strategy
use
EVs,
by
virtue
stability
potential
cross
biological
barriers
long‐term
storage
contents.
Combination
current
focus.
Despite
advances
field,
still
unmet
concerns
area
effective
raising
challenges
opportunities
future
investigations.
