Human brain connectivity: Clinical applications for clinical neurophysiology

Clinical Neurophysiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 131(7), P. 1621 - 1651

Published: April 22, 2020

Language: Английский

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Subjective Cognitive Decline and Related Cognitive Deficits

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: May 19, 2020

Since late stage dementia including Alzheimer's disease(AD)cannot be reversed by any available drugs, there is increasing research interests on the preclinical stageof AD i.e.subjective cognitive decline(SCD). SCD ischaracterized withself-perceptive decline but difficult to detect using objective tests. At stage, deficits could more easily compared that ofmild impairment (MCI) and ADonly if accurate diagnosis of early intervention can developed.In this paper, we briefly review recent progress ofSCD current assessment tools, biomarkers, neuroimaging, expected prognosis potential relevance totraumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced deficits.

Language: Английский

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Mind the gap: State-of-the-art technologies and applications for EEG-based brain–computer interfaces

APL Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 5(3)

Published: July 20, 2021

Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) provide bidirectional communication between the brain and output devices that translate user intent into function. Among different imaging techniques used to operate BCIs, electroencephalography (EEG) constitutes preferred method of choice, owing its relative low cost, ease use, high temporal resolution, noninvasiveness. In recent years, significant progress in wearable technologies computational intelligence has greatly enhanced performance capabilities EEG-based BCIs (eBCIs) propelled their migration out laboratory real-world environments. This rapid translation a paradigm shift human–machine interaction will deeply transform industries near future, including healthcare wellbeing, entertainment, security, education, marketing. this contribution, state-of-the-art biosensing is reviewed, focusing on development novel electrode for long term noninvasive EEG monitoring. Commercially available platforms are surveyed, comparative analysis presented based benefits limitations they eBCI development. Emerging applications neuroscientific research future trends related widespread implementation eBCIs medical nonmedical uses discussed. Finally, commentary ethical, social, legal concerns associated with increasingly ubiquitous technology provided, as well general recommendations address key issues mainstream consumer adoption.

Language: Английский

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Degradation of EEG microstates patterns in subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment: Early biomarkers along the Alzheimer’s Disease continuum?

NeuroImage Clinical, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38, P. 103407 - 103407

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathological changes may begin up to decades earlier than the appearance of first symptoms cognitive decline. Subjective decline (SCD) could be pre-clinical sign possible AD, which might followed by mild impairment (MCI), initial stage clinical However, neural correlates these prodromic stages are not completely clear yet. Recent studies suggest that EEG analysis tools characterizing cortical activity as a whole, such microstates and regions connectivity, support characterization SCD MCI conditions. Here we test this approach performing broad set analyses identify prominent markers differentiating (n = 57), 46) healthy control subjects (HC, n 19). We found salient differences were in temporal structure patterns, with being associated less complex sequences due altered transition probability, frequency duration canonic microstate C. Spectral content EEG, network spatial arrangement instead largely similar three groups. Interestingly, comparing properties different cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers profiles, C displayed significant topography AD-like profile. These results show progression dementia degradation organization captured analysis, leads transitions between states. Overall, our paves way for use non-invasive recordings identification AD from its prodromal

Language: Английский

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Potential of dietary polyphenols for protection from age-related decline and neurodegeneration: a role for gut microbiota?

Nutritional Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(9), P. 1058 - 1076

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Many epidemiological studies have shown the beneficial effects of a largely plant-based diet, and strong association between consumption Mediterranean-type diet with healthy aging including lower risk cognitive decline. The Mediterranean is characterized by high intake olive oil, fruits vegetables rich in dietary fiber polyphenols - both which been postulated to act as important mediators these benefits. Polyphenols are large molecules produced plants protect them from environmental threats injury. When ingested humans, little 5% absorbed small intestine majority metabolized gut microbiota into absorbable simple phenolic compounds. Flavan-3-ols, type flavonoid, contained grapes, berries, pome fruits, tea, cocoa associated many on several factors for cardiovascular disease, function brain regions involved memory formation. Both preclinical clinical suggest that heart benefits can be attributed endothelial vascular anti-inflammatory properties among others. More recently has emerged potential modulator intriguingly alter composition different microbial species. However, there need well controlled populations identify predictors response, particularly given vast inter-individual variation human microbiota.

Language: Английский

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A Novel Connectome-based Electrophysiological Study of Subjective Cognitive Decline Related to Alzheimer’s Disease by Using Resting-state High-density EEG EGI GES 300

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(6), P. 392 - 392

Published: June 19, 2020

Aim: To investigate for the first time brain network in Alzheimer's disease (AD) spectrum by implementing a high-density electroencephalography (HD-EEG - EGI GES 300) study with 256 channels order to seek if connectome can be effectively used distinguish cognitive impairment preclinical stages. Methods: Twenty participants AD, 30 mild (MCI), 20 subjective decline (SCD) and 22 healthy controls (HC) were examined detailed neuropsychological battery 10 min resting state HD-EEG. We extracted correlation matrices using Pearson coefficients each subject constructed weighted undirected networks calculating clustering coefficient (CC), strength (S) betweenness centrality (BC) at global (256 electrodes) local levels (29 parietal electrodes). Results: One-way ANOVA presented statistically significant difference among four groups level CC [F (3, 88) = 4.76, p 0.004] S 4.69, 0.004]. However, no was found level. According independent sample t-test, higher HC [M (SD) 0.79 (0.07)] compared SCD 0.72 (0.09)]; t (40) 2.39, 0.02, MCI 0.71 (50) 0.41, 0.004 AD 0.68 (0.11)]; 3.62, 0.001 as well, while BC showed an increase but decrease progresses. These findings provide evidence that disruptions organization may potentially represent key factor ability people early stages of continuum. Conclusions: The above reveal dynamically disrupted stages, showing exhibits disorganization withintermediate values between HC. Additionally, these pieces information on usefulness HD-EEG construction.

Language: Английский

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Recurrent and concurrent patterns of regional BOLD dynamics and functional connectivity dynamics in cognitive decline

Alzheimer s Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Jan. 16, 2021

Abstract Background The brain’s dynamic spontaneous neural activity and functional connectivity (dFC) are both important in supporting cognition, but how these two types of brain dynamics evolve co-evolve subjective cognitive decline (SCD) mild impairment (MCI) remain unclear. aim the present study was to investigate recurrent concurrent patterns states correlated with decline. Methods analyzed resting-state magnetic resonance imaging data from 62 SCD patients, 75 MCI 70 healthy controls (HCs). We used sliding-window clustering method identify dFC regional activity, as measured by fractional amplitude low-frequency fluctuations (dfALFF). Then, occurrence frequency a or dfALFF state co-occurrence pair among all time points extracted for each participant describe their patterns. Results identified few further ascertained co-occurrent (i.e., states). Importantly, default-mode network (DMN)-dominated significantly different between HCs frequencies DMN-dominated were also patients. These features positively Mini-Mental State Examination scores. Conclusion Our findings revealed novel fMRI-based signatures dFC, providing strong evidence transition phase normal aging MCI. This finding holds potential differentiate patients via objective neuroimaging biomarkers, which may aid early diagnosis intervention Alzheimer’s disease.

Language: Английский

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The Hidden Dangers of Sedentary Living: Insights into Molecular, Cellular, and Systemic Mechanisms

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(19), P. 10757 - 10757

Published: Oct. 6, 2024

With the aging of global population, neurodegenerative diseases are emerging as a major public health issue. The adoption less sedentary lifestyle has been shown to have beneficial effect on cognitive decline, but molecular mechanisms responsible clear. Here we provide detailed analysis complex molecular, cellular, and systemic underlying age-related decline how choices influence these processes. A review evidence from animal models, human studies, postmortem analyses emphasizes importance integrating physical exercise with cognitive, multisensory, motor stimulation part multifaceted approach mitigating decline. We highlight potential non-pharmacological interventions address key hallmarks, such genomic instability, telomere attrition, neuroinflammation, underscore need for comprehensive personalized strategies promote resilience healthy aging.

Language: Английский

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Functional Connectivity Between the Posterior Default Mode Network and Parahippocampal Gyrus Is Disrupted in Older Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline and Correlates with Subjective Memory Ability

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 82(1), P. 435 - 445

Published: May 18, 2021

Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is associated with increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the underlying mechanisms for this association remain unclear. Neuroimaging studies suggest earliest AD-related changes are large-scale network disruptions, beginning in posterior default mode (pDMN) network. Objective: To examine between SCD and pDMN connectivity medial temporal lobe (MTL) regions using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Methods: Forty-nine participants either (n = 23, 12 females; mean age: 70.7 (5.5)) or who were cognitively unimpaired (CU; n 26, 16 females, 71.42 (7.3)) completed Memory Functioning Questionnaire, a measure subjective memory, underwent resting state MRI at 3 Tesla. Functional cingulate cortex (PCC), as key node, MTL compared CU groups. Further, pDMN-MTL Frequency Forgetting subscale Questionnaire was examined. Results: Connectivity PCC-MTL observed group but absent (t(47) 2.69, p 0.01). Across all participants, self-perception frequency forgetting, not objective strongly correlated PCC-left parahippocampal gyrus (r 0.43, 0.002). Conclusion: These findings support hypothesis that AD may be mediated by disrupted pDMN-parahippocampal connectivity. In addition, these forgetting serve potential biomarker due to incipient AD.

Language: Английский

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Exploring Network Properties Across Preclinical Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease Using a Visual Short-Term Memory and Attention Task with High-Density Electroencephalography: A Brain-Connectome Neurophysiological Study

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 87(2), P. 643 - 664

Published: April 1, 2022

Background: Visual short-term memory (VSTMT) and visual attention (VAT) exhibit decline in the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continuum; however, network disruption preclinical stages is scarcely explored. Objective: To advance our knowledge about brain networks AD discover connectivity alterations during VSTMT VAT. Methods: Twelve participants with AD, 23 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 17 subjective (SCD), 21 healthy controls (HC) were examined using a neuropsychological battery at baseline follow-up (three years). At baseline, subjects high density electroencephalography while performing For exploring organization, we constructed weighted undirected clustering coefficient, strength, betweenness centrality from occipito-parietal regions. Results: One-way ANOVA pair-wise t-test comparisons showed statistically significant differences HC compared to SCD (t (36) = 2.43, p 0.026), MCI (42) 2.34, 0.024), group (31) 3.58, 0.001) Clustering Coefficient. Also regards Strength, higher values for 2.45, 0.019), 2.41, 0.020), found. Follow-up assessment revealed converge of 65% MCI. Moreover, who converted lower all metrics that remained stable. Conclusion: The present findings reveal exhibits disorganization encoding retrieval intermediate between HC.

Language: Английский

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