AMPK: a nutrient and energy sensor that maintains energy homeostasis

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 251 - 262

Published: March 22, 2012

Language: Английский

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AMPK: guardian of metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 19(2), P. 121 - 135

Published: Oct. 4, 2017

Language: Английский

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The AMPK signalling pathway coordinates cell growth, autophagy and metabolism

Nature Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 1016 - 1023

Published: Sept. 1, 2011

Language: Английский

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Energy Metabolism in the Liver

Comprehensive physiology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 177 - 197

Published: Jan. 10, 2014

The liver is an essential metabolic organ, and its function controlled by insulin other hormones. Glucose converted into pyruvate through glycolysis in the cytoplasm, subsequently oxidized mitochondria to generate ATP TCA cycle oxidative phosphorylation. In fed state, glycolytic products are used synthesize fatty acids de novo lipogenesis. Long-chain incorporated triacylglycerol, phospholipids, and/or cholesterol esters hepatocytes. These complex lipids stored lipid droplets membrane structures, or secreted circulation as very low-density lipoprotein particles. fasted secretes glucose both glycogenolysis gluconeogenesis. During pronged fasting, hepatic gluconeogenesis primary source for endogenous production. Fasting also promotes lipolysis adipose tissue, resulting release of nonesterified which ketone bodies though β-oxidation ketogenesis. Ketone provide a fuel extrahepatic tissues. Liver energy metabolism tightly regulated neuronal hormonal signals. sympathetic system stimulates, whereas parasympathetic suppresses, Insulin stimulates lipogenesis but suppresses gluconeogenesis, glucagon counteracts action. Numerous transcription factors coactivators, including CREB, FOXO1, ChREBP, SREBP, PGC-1α, CRTC2, control expression enzymes catalyze key steps pathways, thus controlling metabolism. Aberrant resistance, diabetes, nonalcoholic diseases. © 2014 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 4:177-197, 2014.

Language: Английский

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Alcoholic Liver Disease: Pathogenesis and New Therapeutic Targets

Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 141(5), P. 1572 - 1585

Published: Sept. 13, 2011

Language: Английский

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Cellular and molecular mechanisms of metformin: an overview

Clinical Science, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 122(6), P. 253 - 270

Published: Nov. 11, 2011

Considerable efforts have been made since the 1950s to better understand cellular and molecular mechanisms of action metformin, a potent antihyperglycaemic agent now recommended as first-line oral therapy for T2D (Type 2 diabetes). The main effect this drug from biguanide family is acutely decrease hepatic glucose production, mostly through mild transient inhibition mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. In addition, resulting in energy status activates AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), metabolic sensor, providing generally accepted mechanism metformin on gluconeogenesis. demonstration that I, but not AMPK, primary target was recently strengthened by showing preserved liver-specific AMPK-deficient mice. Beyond its metabolism, has reported restore ovarian function PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome), reduce fatty liver, lower microvascular macrovascular complications associated with T2D. Its use also suggested an adjuvant treatment cancer or gestational diabetes prevention pre-diabetic populations. These emerging new therapeutic areas will be reviewed together recent findings pharmacogenetic studies linking genetic variations response, promising step towards personalized medicine

Language: Английский

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AMPK: Mechanisms of Cellular Energy Sensing and Restoration of Metabolic Balance

Molecular Cell, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 66(6), P. 789 - 800

Published: June 1, 2017

Language: Английский

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AMP-activated protein kinase—an energy sensor that regulates all aspects of cell function

Genes & Development, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 25(18), P. 1895 - 1908

Published: Sept. 15, 2011

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of energy status that maintains cellular homeostasis. It arose very early during eukaryotic evolution, and its ancestral role may have been in the response to starvation. Recent work shows activated by increases not only AMP, but also ADP. Although best known for effects on metabolism, AMPK has many other functions, including regulation mitochondrial biogenesis disposal, autophagy, cell polarity, growth proliferation. Both tumor cells viruses establish mechanisms down-regulate AMPK, allowing them escape restraining influences growth.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms and regulation of cholesterol homeostasis

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. 225 - 245

Published: Dec. 17, 2019

Language: Английский

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Lipid metabolism in cancer

FEBS Journal, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 279(15), P. 2610 - 2623

Published: May 23, 2012

Lipids form a diverse group of water‐insoluble molecules that include triacylglycerides, phosphoglycerides, sterols and sphingolipids. They play several important roles at cellular organismal levels. Fatty acids are the major building blocks for synthesis which mainly used energy storage. Phosphoglycerides, together with sphingolipids, represent structural components biological membranes. can also have in signalling, functioning as second messengers hormones. There is increasing evidence cancer cells show specific alterations different aspects lipid metabolism. These affect availability lipids membranes, degradation contribute to homeostasis abundance signalling functions. Changes metabolism numerous processes, including cell growth, proliferation, differentiation motility. This review will examine some been reported cancer, both levels, discuss how they tumourigenesis.

Language: Английский

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