Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Host Immunity: Impact on Inflammation and Immunotherapy

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 294 - 294

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Gut microbes and their metabolites are actively involved in the development regulation of host immunity, which can influence disease susceptibility. Herein, we review most recent research advancements gut microbiota–immune axis. We discuss detail how microbiota is a tipping point for neonatal immune as indicated by newly uncovered phenomenon, such maternal imprinting, utero intestinal metabolome, weaning reaction. describe shapes both innate adaptive immunity with emphasis on short-chain fatty acids secondary bile acids. also comprehensively delineate disruption axis results immune-mediated diseases, gastrointestinal infections, inflammatory bowel cardiometabolic disorders (e.g., cardiovascular diabetes, hypertension), autoimmunity rheumatoid arthritis), hypersensitivity asthma allergies), psychological anxiety), cancer colorectal hepatic). further encompass role fecal transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics, dietary polyphenols reshaping therapeutic potential. Continuing, examine modulates therapies, including checkpoint inhibitors, JAK anti-TNF therapies. lastly mention current challenges metagenomics, germ-free models, recapitulation to achieve fundamental understanding regulates immunity. Altogether, this proposes improving immunotherapy efficacy from perspective microbiome-targeted interventions.

Language: Английский

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Perinatal and Early-Life Nutrition, Epigenetics, and Allergy

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 724 - 724

Published: Feb. 25, 2021

Epidemiological studies have shown a dramatic increase in the incidence and prevalence of allergic diseases over last several decades. Environmental triggers including risk factors (e.g., pollution), loss rural living conditions farming conditions), nutritional status maternal, breastfeeding) are considered major contributors to this increase. The influences these environmental thought be mediated by epigenetic mechanisms which heritable, reversible, biologically relevant biochemical modifications chromatin carrying genetic information without changing nucleotide sequence genome. An important feature characterizing epigenetically-mediated processes is existence time frame where induced effects strongest therefore most crucial. This period between conception, pregnancy, first years life 1000 days) optimal for factors, such as nutrition, exert their beneficial effects. In current review, we discussed impact exposure bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungal components, microbiome metabolites, specific components polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), vitamins, plant- animal-derived microRNAs, breast milk) on patterns related manifestations. We gave insight into signature bioactive milk nutrition neonatal T cell development. Several lines evidence suggest that atypical metabolic reprogramming extrinsic allergens, pollutants, diet, or might drive cellular dysfunctions defective immune responses disease. Therefore, described knowledge relationship immunometabolism allergy mechanisms. presented will give changes potential maternal post-natal development

Language: Английский

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Ageing of the gut microbiome: Potential influences on immune senescence and inflammageing

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 68, P. 101323 - 101323

Published: March 23, 2021

Language: Английский

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Regulation of short-chain fatty acids in the immune system

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: May 5, 2023

A growing body of research suggests that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), metabolites produced by intestinal symbiotic bacteria ferment dietary fibers (DFs), play a crucial role in the health status symbiotes. SCFAs act on variety cell types to regulate important biological processes, including host metabolism, function, and immune function. also affect function fate cells. This finding provides new concept metabolism better understanding regulatory system, which impacts prevention treatment disease. The mechanism induce or response is becoming increasingly clear. review summarizes different mechanisms through According latest research, innate NLRP3 inflammasomes, receptors TLR family members, neutrophils, macrophages, natural killer cells, eosinophils, basophils lymphocyte subsets, emphasized. adaptive T-cell B plasma highlighted. In addition, we discuss regulating allergic airway inflammation, colitis, osteoporosis influencing system. These findings provide evidence for determining options based metabolic regulation.

Language: Английский

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The Gut Microbiome and Metabolites Are Altered and Interrelated in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 25, 2022

The relationship among the gut microbiome, global fecal metabolites and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been systematically evaluated. In this study, we performed 16S rDNA sequencing liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based nontargeted metabolomic profiling on feces of 26 untreated RA patients healthy controls. Twenty-six genera forty-one MS2-identified were significantly altered in patients. Klebsiella, Escherichia, Eisenbergiella Flavobacterium more abundant patients, while Fusicatenibacter, Megamonas Enterococcus Function prediction analysis demonstrated that biosynthesis pathways amino acids, such as L-arginine aromatic depleted group. metabolome results, including glycerophospholipids (PC(18:3(9Z,12Z,15Z)/16:1(9Z)), lysoPE 19:1, 18:0, lysoPC(18:0/0:0)), sphingolipids (Cer(d18:0/16:0), Cer(d18:0/12:0), Cer(d18:0/14:0)), kynurenic acid, xanthurenic acid 3-hydroxyanthranilic remarkably between Dysregulation pathways, tryptophan metabolism, alpha-linolenic metabolism glycerophospholipid may contribute to development RA. Additionally, revealed microbiome interrelated Escherichia was core genus. By depicting overall landscape intestinal our study could provide possible novel research directions regarding pathogenesis targeted therapy.

Language: Английский

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