Serotonergic reinforcement of a complete swallowing circuit DOI Open Access
Andreas Schoofs, Anton Miroschnikow, Philipp Schlegel

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 26, 2023

SUMMARY How the body interacts with brain to perform vital life functions such as feeding is one of fundamental questions in physiology and neuroscience. Here, we use a whole-animal scanning transmission electron microscopy dataset Drosophila map out neuronal circuits that connect entire enteric nervous system via insect vagus nerve at synaptic resolution. This revealed periphery-brain feedback loop which Piezo-expressing mechanosensory neurons sense food intake convey information onto serotonergic within brain. These integrate interoceptive external central inputs, turn stabilize rhythmic activity serotonin receptor 7 expressing peripheral motor drive swallowing. Strikingly, very same also share an efference copy their aforementioned neurons, thereby closing motor-sensory-modulatory loop. Our analysis elucidates elemental, albeit surprisingly complex reinforcement circuit patterns are stabilized through afferent signaling upon completion rewarding action. The motif constructed allow distinction between self-generated action those response environment.

Language: Английский

The Role of Extracts of Edible Parts and Production Wastes of Globe Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus (L.)) in Counteracting Oxidative Stress DOI Creative Commons
Valentina Laghezza Masci,

Irene Mezzani,

Enrica Alicandri

et al.

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 116 - 116

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

In addition to the immature edible flower heads, cultivation of globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus (L.) Fiori) generates substantial quantities by-products, including leaves, stems, and roots, which constitute potential sources bioactive compounds prebiotic dietary fiber. Preserving agricultural biodiversity promoting socioeconomic development are essential for enhancing domestic production fostering innovation. search new biomolecules with antioxidant properties, this research focused on a landrace at risk genetic erosion, still cultivated in northern part Lazio region, known as “Carciofo Ortano”. To investigate properties various tissues from Ortano” landrace, methanolic extracts were prepared main secondary leaves representative genotypes landrace. Additionally, obtained same four landraces/clones included varietal platform PGI Romanesco del Lazio”, served reference genotypes: Campagnano, Castellammare, C3, Grato 1. The these assessed using FRAP, ABTS, DPPH assays, total phenolic content (TPC). stem head two 1 clone, have higher content, demonstrated highest activity. These therefore studied their chemical profile HPLC-DAD SPME-GC/MS analysis. investigated vitro capacity differentiated SH-SY5Y cells, assessing effects ROS levels restoration GSH levels. Furthermore, vivo beneficial counteracting oxidative stress evaluated high sucrose-fed Drosophila melanogaster, is typical hallmark hyperglycemic status. Overall, results indicated that inflorescences along byproducts its cultivation, raw materials containing whose can be exploited further applications pharmaceutical medical sectors.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Amelioration of hepatic steatosis by dietary essential amino acid-induced ubiquitination DOI Creative Commons
Yansong Zhang,

Siyuan Lin,

Jingyu Peng

et al.

Molecular Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 82(8), P. 1528 - 1542.e10

Published: March 3, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

41
Dietary cysteine drives body fat loss via FMRFamide signaling in Drosophila and mouse DOI Creative Commons
Tingting Song,

Wusa Qin,

Zeliang Lai

et al.

Cell Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(6), P. 434 - 447

Published: April 13, 2023

Abstract Obesity imposes a global health threat and calls for safe effective therapeutic options. Here, we found that protein-rich diet significantly reduced body fat storage in fruit flies, which was largely attributed to dietary cysteine intake. Mechanistically, increased the production of neuropeptide FMRFamide (FMRFa). Enhanced FMRFa activity simultaneously promoted energy expenditure suppressed food intake through its cognate receptor (FMRFaR), both contributing loss effect. In body, signaling lipolysis by increasing PKA lipase activity. sweet-sensing gustatory neurons, appetitive perception hence We also demonstrated worked similar way mice via FF (NPFF) signaling, mammalian RFamide peptide. addition, or FMRFa/NPFF administration provided protective effect against metabolic stress flies without behavioral abnormalities. Therefore, our study reveals novel target development therapies obesity related diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

28
Dietary L-Glu sensing by enteroendocrine cells adjusts food intake via modulating gut PYY/NPF secretion DOI Creative Commons
J. Gao, Song Zhang, Pan Deng

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 25, 2024

Abstract Amino acid availability is monitored by animals to adapt their nutritional environment. Beyond gustatory receptors and systemic amino sensors, enteroendocrine cells (EECs) are believed directly percept dietary acids secrete regulatory peptides. However, the cellular machinery underlying acid-sensing EECs how EEC-derived hormones modulate feeding behavior remain elusive. Here, developing tools specifically manipulate EECs, we find that Drosophila neuropeptide F (NPF) from mated female inhibits feeding, similar human PYY. Mechanistically, L-Glutamate acts through metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR decelerate calcium oscillations in thereby causing reduced NPF secretion via dense-core vesicles. Furthermore, two dopaminergic enteric neurons expressing NPFR perceive relay an anorexigenic signal brain. Thus, our findings provide mechanistic insights into assess food quality identify a conserved mode of action explains gut NPF/PYY modulates intake.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Leptin- and cytokine-like unpaired signaling in Drosophila DOI
Meet Zandawala, Jayati Gera

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 584, P. 112165 - 112165

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

9
A defined diet for pre-adult Drosophila melanogaster DOI Creative Commons
Felipe Martelli, Annelise Quig, Sarah Mele

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 23, 2024

Abstract Drosophila melanogaster is unique among animal models because it has a fully defined synthetic diet available to study nutrient-gene interactions. However, use of this limited adult studies due impaired larval development and survival. Here, we provide an adjusted formula that reduces the developmental period, restores fat levels, enhances body mass, rescues survivorship without compromise lifespan. To demonstrate application formula, explored pre-adult compositions therapeutic potential in model inherited metabolic disorder affecting metabolism branched-chain amino acids. We reveal rapid, specific, predictable nutrient effects on disease state consistent with observations from mouse patient studies. Together, our provides powerful means which examine interplay between across all life stages model.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Anti-diuretic hormone ITP signals via a guanylate cyclase receptor to modulate systemic homeostasis in Drosophila DOI Open Access
Jayati Gera, Marishia Agard,

Hannah Nave

et al.

Published: May 7, 2024

Insects have evolved a variety of neurohormones that enable them to maintain their nutrient and osmotic homeostasis. While the identities functions various insect metabolic diuretic hormones been well-established, characterization an anti-diuretic signaling system is conserved across most insects still lacking. To address this, here we characterized ion transport peptide (ITP) in Drosophila . The ITP gene encodes five transcript variants which generate three different isoforms: amidated (ITPa) two ITP-like (ITPL1 ITPL2) isoforms. Using combination anatomical mapping single-cell transcriptome analyses, comprehensively expression all isoforms nervous peripheral tissues. Our analyses reveal widespread Moreover, show ITPa released during dehydration recombinant inhibits peptide-induced renal tubule secretion ex vivo , thus confirming its role as hormone. phylogenetic-driven approach assay, identified functionally Gyc76C, membrane guanylate cyclase, elusive receptor. Thus, knockdown Gyc76C tubules abolishes inhibitory effect on hormone secretion. Extensive reveals it highly expressed larval adult tissues associated with osmoregulation (renal rectum) homeostasis (fat body). Consistent this expression, impacts tolerance ionic stresses, whereas specifically fat body feeding, behaviors. We also complement receptor experiments overexpression neurons. Interestingly, ITPa-Gyc76C pathways deciphered are reminiscent atrial natriuretic mammals. Lastly, utilized connectomics transcriptomics identify synaptic paracrine upstream downstream ITP-expressing Taken together, our systematic establishes tractable decipher how small set neurons integrates diverse inputs orchestrate systemic

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Hazard assessment of ingested polystyrene nanoplastics in Drosophila larvae DOI Creative Commons
Mohamed Alaraby, Doaa Abass, Josefa Domenech

et al.

Environmental Science Nano, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. 1845 - 1857

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPLs) are intentionally produced for commercial uses (primary MNPLs) or formed from environmentally aged plastics (secondary MNPLs).

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Drosophila melanogaster as a dynamic in vivo model organism reveals the hidden effects of interactions between microplastic/nanoplastic and heavy metals DOI
Eşref Demir, Fatma Turna Demir

Journal of Applied Toxicology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 43(2), P. 212 - 219

Published: May 30, 2022

Plastic waste in different environments has been constantly transforming into microplastic/nanoplastic (MNPLs). As they may coexist with other contaminants, behave as vectors that transport various toxic trace elements, including metals. Because the impact of exposure to such matter on health still remains elusive, abundant presence MNPLs lately become a pressing environmental issue. Researchers have utilizing Drosophila melanogaster dynamic vivo model genetic research for some time. The fly also recently gained wider recognition toxicology and nanogenotoxicity studies. use nanoparticles numerous medical consumer products raises serious concern, since many vitro studies shown their potential. However, there is rather limited nanomaterial genotoxicity using mice or mammalians owing high costs ethical concerns. In this context, Drosophila, thanks its tractability, short life span, entire cycle lasting about 10 days, distinct developmental stages, renders organism an excellent testing effects mediated by MNPLs. This review therefore aims encourage entities employ experiments focusing at molecular level.

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Interorgan communication through peripherally derived peptide hormones in Drosophila DOI Creative Commons
Naoki Okamoto, Akira Watanabe

Fly, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 152 - 176

Published: May 1, 2022

In multicellular organisms, endocrine factors such as hormones and cytokines regulate development homoeostasis through communication between different organs. For understanding interorgan communications factors, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster serves an excellent model system due to conservation of essential systems flies mammals availability powerful genetic tools. other insects, functions neuropeptides or peptide from central nervous have been extensively studied. However, a series recent studies conducted in revealed that derived peripheral tissues also play critical roles regulating multiple biological processes, including growth, metabolism, reproduction, behaviour. Here, we summarise advances target organs/tissues peripherally describe how these contribute various events communications.

Language: Английский

Citations

22