Identification of Parthenogenesis-Inducing Effector Proteins in Wolbachia

Genome Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(4)

Published: March 26, 2024

Abstract Bacteria in the genus Wolbachia have evolved numerous strategies to manipulate arthropod sex, including conversion of would-be male offspring asexually reproducing females. This so-called “parthenogenesis induction” phenotype can be found a number strains that infect arthropods with haplodiploid sex determination systems, parasitoid wasps. Despite discovery microbe-mediated parthenogenesis more than 30 yr ago, underlying genetic mechanisms remained elusive. We used suite genomic, computational, and molecular tools identify characterize two proteins are uniquely parthenogenesis-inducing strong signatures host-associated bacterial effector proteins. These putative structural homology eukaryotic protein domains nucleoporins, key insect determining factor Transformer, eukaryotic-like serine–threonine kinase leucine-rich repeats. Furthermore, these significantly impact cell biology model Saccharomyces cerevisiae. suggest factors our results indicate this would made possible by novel mechanism bacterial-host interaction.

Language: Английский

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Wolbachia symbionts control sex in a parasitoid wasp using a horizontally acquired gene

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(11), P. 2359 - 2372.e9

Published: April 30, 2024

Host reproduction can be manipulated by bacterial symbionts in various ways. Parthenogenesis induction is the most effective type of manipulation for their transmission. Insect sex determined regulation doublesex (dsx) splicing through transformer2 (tra2) and transformer (tra) interaction. Although parthenogenesis has been studied since 1970s, its underlying molecular mechanism unknown. Here we identify a Wolbachia parthenogenesis-induction feminization factor gene (piff) that targets sex-determining genes causes female-producing haplodiploid parasitoid Encarsia formosa. We found elimination repressed expression female-specific dsx enhanced male-specific dsx, which led to production wasp haploid male offspring. Furthermore, E. formosa tra truncated non-functional, functional homolog, termed piff, with an insect origin. PIFF colocalize interact TRA2. Moreover, piff coordinated tra2 Our results demonstrate symbiont acquired manipulate host determination cascade induce wasps. This study reveals insect-to-bacteria horizontal transfer drives evolution animal systems, elucidating striking insect-microbe symbiosis.

Language: Английский

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The intruders that stole the master key

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Alien spiders in a palm house with the first report of parthenogenetic Triaeris stenaspis (Araneae: Oonopidae) infected by Wolbachia from new supergroup X

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 19, 2025

Abstract Palm houses in Europe serve as urban biodiversity hot spots for alien spiders. As a result of several years research the Poznań House, we documented occurrence 14 spider species, 9 which were to Europe: Coleosoma floridanum , Hasarius adansoni Howaia mogera Ostearius melanopygius Parasteatoda tabulata tepidariorum Scytodes fusca Spermophora kerinci and Triaeris stenaspis . The most abundant species was C. (39.9%). Three recorded first time Poland: S. We studied endosymbiotic Wolbachia Cardinium parthenogenetic T. this spider. endosymbiont characterized based on sequences six bacterial housekeeping genes: 16S rRNA, coxA fbpA ftsZ gatB hcpA Our phylogenetic reconstruction supergroups revealed that bacteria recovered from formed distinct lineages relation all known supergroups. assigned it novel supergroup X with unique within rRNA genes. discussed faunistic results terms long-term survival rates risk invasion

Language: Английский

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“Hostbusters”: The Bacterial Endosymbiont Wolbachia of the Parasitoid Wasp Habrobracon hebetor Improves Its Ability to Parasitize Lepidopteran Hosts

Insects, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 464 - 464

Published: April 28, 2025

Habrobracon hebetor is a globally acknowledged larval ectoparasitoid that widely used to control lepidopteran pests. Wolbachia natural endosymbiont regulates various aspects of the insect host biology. The ability H. paralyze and develop on larvae from five families was tested under laboratory conditions. Two lines wasp were used, “W+” containing naturally occurring supergroup B, “W−”, with eradicated by antibiotic treatment, followed propagation 20 subsequent generations. proportions in which paralysis, as well parasitoid oviposition, larval, pupal, adult development observed, usually higher W+ compared W−. In Loxostege sticticalis, differences these indices not statistically significant. Galleria mellonella, Mamestra brassicae, Ostrinia nubilalis, some parasitism significantly than Bombyx mori Plutella xylostella, could complete its life cycle, but levels at initial steps (from paralysis symptoms presence larvae/pupae parasitoid) 2–5 times lower W− (p < 0.01). It can be suggested advantageous for hebetor, it increases success broad range hosts.

Language: Английский

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Wolbachia supergroup A in Enoplognatha latimana (Araneae: Theridiidae) in Poland as an example of possible horizontal transfer of bacteria

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 29, 2024

Abstract Wolbachia (phylum Pseudomonadota, class Alfaproteobacteria, order Rickettsiales, family Ehrlichiaceae) is a maternally inherited bacterial symbiont infecting more than half of arthropod species worldwide and constituting an important force in the evolution, biology, ecology invertebrate hosts. Our study contributes to limited knowledge regarding presence intracellular symbiotic bacteria spiders. Specifically, we investigated occurrence infection spider Enoplognatha latimana Hippa Oksala, 1982 (Araneae: Theridiidae) using sample collected north-western Poland. To best our knowledge, this first report E. . A phylogeny based on sequence analysis multiple genes, including 16S rRNA, coxA , fbpA ftsZ gatB gltA groEL hcpA wsp revealed that from represented supergroup was related endosymbionts discovered other hosts, as well insects orders Diptera Hymenoptera. unique for detected gene. The sequences housekeeping genes have been deposited publicly available databases are source molecular data comparative studies. etiology discussed.

Language: Английский

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Reproductive manipulation: Wolbachia induce host parthenogenesis using a stolen transformer

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(11), P. R547 - R549

Published: June 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Sex Determination

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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First report on the tropical fire ant, Solonopsis geminate (Fabricius) as flower damaging pest of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) cultivated near the Western Ghats of Dindigul, Tamil Nadu.

Insect Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(3)

Published: Sept. 20, 2023

Plant Health Clinic-second anniversarySurely the eye-catching achievement of last quarter is Chandryaan-3.The Vikram lander and Pragyan rover on south pole moon, indeed a proud moment for scientists Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) rest us too, including life scientists!This an excellent demonstration integration sciences institutions backed by very supportive government enthusiastic Nation.Insect Environment all our space team.In context it was Drosophilidae fly that first sent to USA V-2 rocket 20 February, 1947.Records are there ants carried International Stations.In future Entomologist here can certainly plan experiments with insects in collaboration ISRO.Maui-one Hawaiian Islands hit wildfires mainly beautiful town Lahaina causing immeasurable damage.I have had privilege visiting Maui, three times, its people mostly friendly Polynesians best modernity, whale-watching, crystal clean beaches sea, go make Maui great destination (but costly!!).Add American continent, crazy floods China, blasting temperatures Europe hottest August this year, makes climate changes seem like dreadful monster.Then Moroccan earthquake Libyan flood more shock than change!The again, how does survive or perish these ordeals needs intensive studies.Again, needless emphasise insect expeditions collections need acceleration disaster sensitive areas, before we lose out species!Our plant health clinic, Shree Nidhi Agrochemicals completed two years service farmers.Shreenidhi Agro Chemicals Startup under aegis Rashvee Phytosanitary Services, super state-of-the-art came into being 5th September 2021.The highlights are: It set heart horticulture farms (in Vijayapura, close Bangalore Airport) catering > 20,000 farmers Urban/Rural, Devanahalli, Dodaballapura, Chikaballapura, Shidalghatta, Bagepalli, Gudibande, Gauribidanur, Chintamani, Kolar, Hoskote Karnataka), Chittoor, Madanapalli (Andhra Pradesh), Krishnagiri, Vellore, (Tamil Nadu) etc.Farmers get benefit expert (all postgraduate agriculture-no quacks) discussion, diagnosis dispensation required inputs single window; seed marketing services.

Language: Английский

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Patterns of molecular evolution in a parthenogenic terrestrial isopod (Trichoniscus pusillus)

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12, P. e17780 - e17780

Published: July 23, 2024

The “paradox of sex” refers to the question why sexual reproduction is maintained in wild, despite how costly it compared asexual reproduction. Because these costs, one might expect nature select for reproduction, yet sex seems be continually selected for. Multiple hypotheses have been proposed explain this incongruence, including niche differentiation hypothesis, Red Queen and accumulation harmful mutations species due inefficient purifying selection. This study focuses on two terrestrial isopods, Trichoniscus pusillus , which has diploid parthenogenic triploid forms, Hyloniscus riparius an obligately relative. We surveyed ratios both upstate New York population obtained RNA-seq data from wild-caught individuals examine within- between-species patterns molecular evolution protein-coding genes. ratio together provide strong evidence that T. entirely triploid, while H. diploid. Although all wild used sequencing shared identical genotypes at nearly SNPs, supporting a clonal origin, heterozygosity SNP density were much higher than sexually reproducing . observation suggests lineage may arisen via mating between divergent lineages. Between-species sequence comparisons showed no ineffective selection lineage, as measured by nonsynonymous synonymous substitutions (dN/dS ratios). Likewise, there was difference SNPs overall (pN/pS). However, pN/pS significantly when considering only recent mutation after transition parthenogenesis. Thus, are consistent with hypothesis less effective against new lineages, but over long time scales. system provides useful model future studies evolutionary tradeoffs nature.

Language: Английский

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