Dynamical study on volatiles signaling in plant disease and pest-natural enemy interaction

Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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Bioacaricides in Crop Protection—What Is the State of Play?

Insects, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 95 - 95

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Growing demands for environmentally safe and sustainable pest management have increased interest in biopesticides as alternatives to synthetic chemical pesticides. This review presents the current status of bioacaricides, defined commercial biopesticide products based on microorganisms (microbial acaricides) biologically active substances microbial, plant or animal origin (biochemicals semiochemicals) used crop protection against spider mites (Tetranychidae) other plant-feeding mites. The most important microbial bioacaricides are mycopesticides, which manufactured from living propagules Beauveria bassiana s.l. several acaropathogenic fungi. Products avermectins milbemycins, secondary metabolites actinomycetes, well-known examples biochemicals origin. Among origin, widely date been pyrethrum—obtained Dalmatian daisy, Tanacetum cinerariifolium (Asteraceae)—and azadirachtin, obtained Indian neem tree, Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae). In recent years, essential oils aromatic plants belonging families Lamiaceae, Myrtaceae, Rutaceae others also gained increasing importance market. Special emphasis this is given compatibility with predatory family Phytoseiidae biological control agents integrated

Language: Английский

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Investigating the selectivity of botanical and synthetic insecticides on Doru luteipes: there is no simple answer

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

To achieve sustainability in agricultural pest management, it is essential to integrate chemical and biological control through selectivity studies. In this study, we evaluated the lethal sublethal effects of both botanical synthetic insecticides used for controlling fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on its natural enemy Doru luteipes (Scudder) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae). For purpose, bioassays mortality, behavior, transgenerational were conducted. Botanical rich acetogenins limonoids caused less than 30% mortality D. nymphs (2nd, 3rd, 4th instars). contrast, chlorantraniliprole-based insecticide (Premio®) was highly toxic, presenting above 80% at all nymphal stages reducing predation capacity by 55.97% walking velocity 28.44% compared control. Aqueous emulsion ethanolic extract from Annona mucosa seeds (ESAM) reduced longevity adults 88.88 days. Chlorantraniliprole resulted shortest pre-oviposition period (9.44 days), followed a limonoids-based (Azamax®) (11.00 days). Fourth-instar F₁ generation showed lower viability (54.54%) treatment with aqueous methanolic fraction montana leaves (EFAMON). The annonin-based commercial (Anosom®) affected life table parameters, intrinsic growth rate (r_m = 0.039) finite increase (λ 1.04). These findings indicate that are hazardous insecticide. This study provides important insights improving while preserving enemies.

Language: Английский

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Non-target effects of insecticides and herbicides on earwigs

Journal of Economic Entomology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Abstract Conservation biological control in agriculture primarily relies on avoiding pesticides that may harm key natural enemies. In temperate tree fruit crops, the European earwig, Forficula auricularia (L.) has only recently become appreciated as an important predator of economic pests, particularly woolly aphids and pear psylla. Therefore, non-target effects orchard earwigs are largely understudied. This is true for herbicides, which likely to be exposed due their foraging behavior moving between canopy ground cover. We tested residues formulated (8 insecticides 7 herbicides) commonly used crops lethal sublethal (movement, predation rate) adult female earwigs. Two paraquat glufosinate, one insecticide, spinetoram, were acutely toxic within 72 h. No altered earwigs’ movement or resting compared control. The spinosad cyantraniliprole herbicides 2,4-D, halosulfuron, rimsulfuron, oxyfluorfen reduced earwig green peach aphids. these reduce pests orchards. Our results suggest some greater risk, thus, should carefully considered better timed when orchards where conservation augmentative

Language: Английский

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Monitoring invertebrate pests on cowpea crops across China using eDNA metabarcoding

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 27, 2025

Abstract BACKGROUND Monitoring arthropod pests and their natural enemies provides essential information for pest control decisions in agricultural production. Traditional monitoring methods, such as trapping visual surveys, have practical limitations because of time‐consuming preprocessing steps the need knowledgeable taxonomists. We tested environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding approach cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata ) across seven climatic sub‐regions China, comparing it with traditional sample collection morphological identification methods. RESULTS showed that eDNA reveals a higher species richness arthropods than method. The method detected 163 species, which 72, 33 57 were pests, other insects, respectively, whereas only 70 species. There significant differences alpha‐ beta‐diversity on different sub‐regions. also found longitude, altitude geographical distance are associated diversity, but latitude, mean air temperature range not. CONCLUSION This study represents first use to investigate communities, providing novel monitoring. © 2025 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Investigating the effects of the main agronomic interventions on carabids and spiders in European arable fields: A systematic review protocol

Environmental Evidence, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 19, 2025

Abstract Background Designing agroecological cropping systems enhancing functional biodiversity and natural pest regulations requires understanding the ecological processes involved, specifically regarding response of generalist predators. A more precise knowledge changes in ground-dwelling communities implied by individual agronomic interventions is needed to make enlightened consistent choices design such innovative systems. recent systematic map showed that fertilization, tillage, pesticides use, grazing mowing are most studied their effects on arthropods. The direct indirect disturbances induced arthropods arable fields have been widely investigated, especially for carabids spiders. However, there not always a clear pattern outstanding, probably due antagonistic responses species with different traits. Here, we propose quantified synthesis this topic. We will show impact main two predator groups, spiders, compare (abundance, richness, taxonomic diversity) contexts (crop types production methods). investigate contrasting at levels depending Methods evidence be identified from impacts agricultural management practices indicator groups published 2024. select all studies reporting effect (fertilization, pesticide application, grazing) (arable crops temporary grasslands) spiders database. search update performed using strings used extracted references sorted title, abstract full text according topic present work. All selected critically appraised low, medium, or high risk bias assigned each study. data first narrative (using qualitative data), then quantitative those adequate meta-analysis.

Language: Английский

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An optical system to detect, surveil, and kill flying insect vectors of human and crop pathogens

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 8, 2024

Abstract Sustainable and effective means to control flying insect vectors are critically needed, especially with widespread insecticide resistance global climate change. Understanding controlling requires accurate information about their movement activity, which is often lacking. The Photonic Fence (PF) an optical system that uses machine vision, infrared light, lasers identify, track, interdict in flight. PF examines insect’s outline, flight speed, other parameters if these match those of a targeted vector species, then low-power, retina-safe laser kills it. We report on proof-of-concept tests large, field-sized (30 mL × 3 mH) conducted Aedes aegypti , mosquito transmits dangerous arboviruses, Diaphorina citri psyllid the fatal huanglongbing disease citrus. In engaged, < 1% 3% A . D respectfully, were recovered versus 38% 19% recovery when lacer was silenced. tracked, but did not intercept orchid bee, Euglossa dilemma effectively intercepted vectors, bees, at distance 30 m, heralding use photonic energy, rather than chemicals, vectors.

Language: Английский

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Resistance in diverse maize genotypes to invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) reveals potential morpho-biochemical traits

Crop Protection, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187, P. 106956 - 106956

Published: Sept. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Assessment of Biodiversity and Seasonal Dynamics of Spiders in Maize Crops of Punjab, Pakistan

Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 541 - 549

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Spiders contribute significantly to natural pest control in agriculture. Here, we investigated the biodiversity, population dynamics and predatory activities of spiders maize-growing districts (Kasur Lahore) Punjab, Pakistan during 2018-2019. Various collecting methods including pitfall yellow pan traps, manual hand-picking, beat sheet, sweep nets were used collect on a biweekly basis. The collected 12,894 individuals represented 45 different species, 27 genera, 13 families. major families recorded Araneidae (32.92%), Lycosidae (20.43%) Salticidae (11.12%) comprising > 64% overall abundance. Neoscona theisi (Araneidae) was found be most dominant species (11.61%). Moreover, Macracantha hasselti Atypena formosana are reported for first time from Pakistan. Besides, estimated diversity both 97%. Margalef's index highest Kasur (D = 5.08) lowest Lahore 4.95). values Shannon-Wiener evenness indices similar suggesting levels an even distribution. Spider abundance April June July. These findings will help develop effective Integrated Pest Management strategies maize growing areas across world.

Language: Английский

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Environmental DNA from ethanol eluent of flowers reveals a widespread diversity in cowpea associated animal communities in Hainan Island

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Abstract Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), as an economical crop, is one of the important pillar industries rural revitalization strategy in China. However, cowpea planting China often infested and damaged by many insects during growth, especially Hainan region with a warm wet tropical climate. Traditional monitoring methods technical limitation could only detect few common significant agricultural pests, how kinds species associated unknown. Here, we employed environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding to characterize animal community-level diversity among six areas Hainan. In all, 62 were detected, which 99.05% was Arthropoda, suggesting that Arthropods are main groups interacting cowpea. Moreover, also detected 28 pests on cowpea, predominantly belonging Thysanoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera Hemiptera, 20 first reported need more extra attention. Furthermore, clustering results indicated there certain animals different regions Hainan, but composition similar large due indiscriminate use pesticides, further develop scientific pesticide applications ensure adequate diversity. This study represents molecular approach investigate communities provides basic information for applications.

Language: Английский

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