Altered food liking in depression is driven by macronutrient composition DOI Creative Commons

Lilly Thurn,

Corinna Schulz, Diba Borgmann

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 10, 2024

Abstract Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by changes in appetite and body weight as well blunted reward sensitivity (“anhedonia”). However, it not understood which mechanisms are driving sensitivity, specifically regarding food. Here, we used a sample of 117 participants (54 patients with MDD; 63 healthy control participants, HCP) who completed food cue reactivity (FCR) task ratings wanting liking for 60 20 non-food items. To evaluate components the may contribute to altered depression, tested associations macronutrients depicted In line previous studies, found reduced ( p = .003), but .23) MDD compared matched HCPs. Adding macronutrient composition models substantially improved their fit s < .001). Compared carbohydrate-rich foods, reported lower high-fat high-protein foods. Moreover, showed weaker correlations preferences carbohydrate-versus fat- or protein-rich foods .001), pointing potential disturbances metabolic signaling. conclude, our results suggest that depression-related alterations more specific than previously anticipated, hinting at gut-brain These findings raise intriguing question whether interventions targeting gut could help normalize aberrant signals rich fat protein. Figure

Language: Английский

Vagus nerve stimulation and gut microbiota interactions: a novel therapeutic avenue for neuropsychiatric disorders DOI Creative Commons

Navid Faraji,

Bahareh Payami,

Negar Ebadpour

et al.

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 105990 - 105990

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

The rising prevalence of treatment-resistant neuropsychiatric disorders underscores the need for innovative and effective treatment strategies. gut microbiota (GM) plays a pivotal role in progression these diseases, influencing brain mental health through gut-brain axis (GBA). vagus nerve significant GBA, making it key area focus potential novel therapeutic interventions. Vagus stimulation (VNS) was introduced approved as refractory forms some neuropsychological disorders, such depression epilepsy. Considering its impact on several regions that play vital part mood, motivation, affection, cognitive function, VNS has shown treating variety disorders. Harnessing to target bidirectional communication pathways linking GM VN could present an exciting approach Imbalances GM, dysbiosis, can impair between brain, contributing development shows modulating interconnected systems, helping restore balance. Interestingly, composition may also influence effectiveness VNS, modify brain's response this approach. This study provides comprehensive analysis relatively unexplored but noteworthy interaction In addition, we discussed mechanisms, potential, clinical implications GBA across

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Does transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation alter pupil dilation? A living Bayesian meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons

Ipek Pervaz,

Lilly Thurn,

Cecilia Vezzani

et al.

Brain stimulation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(2), P. 148 - 157

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Altered food liking in depression is driven by macronutrient composition DOI

Lilly Thurn,

Corinna Schulz, Diba Borgmann

et al.

Psychological Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 55

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by changes in appetite and body weight as well blunted reward sensitivity (‘anhedonia’). However, it not understood which mechanisms are driving sensitivity, specifically regarding food. Here, we used a sample of 117 participants (54 patients with MDD 63 healthy control [HCPs]) who completed food cue reactivity task ratings wanting liking for 60 20 non-food items. To evaluate components the may contribute to altered depression, tested associations macronutrients depicted In line previous studies, found reduced ( p = .003) but .23) compared matched HCPs. Adding macronutrient composition models substantially improved their fit s < .001). Compared carbohydrate-rich foods, reported lower high-fat high-protein foods. Moreover, showed weaker correlations preferences carbohydrate- versus fat- or protein-rich foods .001), pointing potential disturbances metabolic signaling. conclude, our results suggest that depression-related alterations more specific than previously anticipated, hinting at gut–brain These findings raise intriguing question whether interventions targeting gut could help normalize aberrant signals rich fat protein.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Auricular bioelectronic devices for health, medicine, and human-computer interfaces DOI Creative Commons
William J. Tyler

Frontiers in Electronics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Recent advances in manufacturing of flexible and conformable microelectronics have opened opportunities for health monitoring disease treatment. Other material engineering advances, such as the development conductive, skin-like hydrogels, liquid metals, electric textiles, piezoelectric films provide safe comfortable means interfacing with human body. Together, these enabled design bioelectronic devices integrated multimodal sensing stimulation capabilities to be worn nearly anywhere on Of particular interest here, external ear (auricle) offers a unique opportunity scalable high degree usability familiarity given broad use headphones. This review article discusses recent auricular capable physiological biochemical sensing, cognitive monitoring, targeted neuromodulation, control human-computer interactions. Stemming from this foundation, there will increased growth competition research advance bioelectronics. activity lead adoption smart headphone-style by patients consumers tracking health, treating medical conditions, enhancing

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Changes in brain functional connectivity associated with transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in healthy controls DOI Creative Commons
Daniel Monti, Nancy Wintering, Faezeh Vedaei

et al.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: March 6, 2025

A growing number of research studies have explored the potential effects vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) on brain physiology as well clinical particularly related to stress and anxiety. However, there currently are limited showing functional changes during different frequencies laterality transcutaneous auricular VNS (TaVNS). In this study, we evaluated whether TaVNS alters connectivity in healthy controls. We hypothesized that would significantly alter areas involved with emotional processing regulation including limbic areas, insula, frontal lobe regions, cerebellum. enrolled 50 Participants were placed MRI scanner compatible ear buds provided TaVNS. Subjects underwent left, right, both ears a randomized manner session. Stimulation was for 5 min then off period between. To evaluate primary outcome neurophysiological effects, all participants received blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) states. The results demonstrated significant differed depending frequency which stimulated. general, had altered included frontoparietal Interestingly, cognitive also parts temporal lobe, salience network, default mode network. This study is an initial step toward understanding associated findings indicate changes, regulation, cognition. Future can expand data focus specific patient populations determine

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Anhedonia: Current and future treatments DOI Creative Commons
Alessandro Serretti

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract Anhedonia is a transdiagnostic domain that leads to poor disorder outcome and low remission rates. This narrative review describes broad range of interventions targeting anhedonia, including pharmacological, neuromodulatory, behavioral, lifestyle‐based approaches. Drugs such as vortioxetine, agomelatine, bupropion, ketamine, brexpiprazole show promising anti‐anhedonic effects, while traditional antidepressants, serotonin‐norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and, even more so, selective serotonin (SSRIs), are less effective. Neuromodulation techniques, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, direct current transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve proved effective at improving particularly when used in targeted areas. Psychotherapeutic interventions, behavioral activation, mindfulness‐based strategies, savoring also help re‐engage patients with pleasurable activities enhance positive affect. Innovative treatments, aticaprant psilocybin, showed results. Substantial evidence suggests anhedonia better psychosocial functioning, quality life, sustained remission. Although most data come from short‐term studies, several long‐term analyses suggest maintaining hedonic improvements feasible beneficial. The reviewed underscores the importance routine assessment integration symptom‐specific strategies. Tailoring address individual patterns reward disruption may optimize outcomes for anhedonia.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Can transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation be considered a viable adjuntive therapy in drug-resistant epilepsy? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials DOI

Pierludovico Moro,

Marco Antonnio Rocha dos Santos,

Antonio Vicente Tavares de Souza

et al.

Epilepsy & Behavior, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 167, P. 110394 - 110394

Published: March 31, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Does transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation alter pupil dilation? A living Bayesian meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons

Ipek Pervaz,

Lilly Thurn,

Cecilia Vezzani

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 3, 2024

Abstract Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) has emerged as a promising technique to modulate autonomic functions, and pupil dilation been recognized biomarker for tVNS-induced monoaminergic release. Nevertheless, studies on the effectiveness of various tVNS protocols have produced heterogeneous results dilatation date. Here, we synthesize existing evidence compare conventional continuous pulsed using Bayesian meta-analysis. To maintain living version, developed Shiny App with possibility incorporate newly published in future. Based systematic review, included 18 (N = 771) applying either or protocols. Across studies, found anecdotal alternative hypothesis that increases size ( g 0.14, 95% CI [0.001, 0.29], BF01 2.5). Separating according vs. revealed were driven by taVNS (strong hypothesis: 0.34, [0.15, 0.53], BF10 14.15) while provided strong null 0.01, [-0.15, 0.16], BF01= 20.7). In conclusion, our meta-analysis highlights differential effects dilation. These findings underscore relevance optimizing its use specific applications may require modulation tonic phasic responses.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation in anti-inflammatory therapy: mechanistic insights and future perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Fujun Liu, Jing Wu,

Lijun Gong

et al.

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Nov. 13, 2024

Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) represents a transformative approach for managing broad spectrum of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis bowel disease. This comprehensive review delineates the mechanisms underlying VNS, emphasizing cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, explores interactions within neuro-immune vagus-gut axes based on both clinical outcomes pre-clinical models. Clinical applications have confirmed efficacy VNS in specific diseases, such as arthritis, chronic conditions like disease, showcasing variability parameters patient responses. Concurrently, studies provided insights into potential modulating cardiovascular broader responses, paving way its translational application settings. Innovations non-invasive technology precision neuromodulation are enhancing therapeutic potential, making it viable option patients who unresponsive to conventional treatments. Nonetheless, widespread adoption this promising therapy is impeded by regulatory challenges, compliance issues, need extensive long-term safety. Future research directions will focus refining technology, optimizing treatment parameters, exploring synergistic effects with other modalities, which could revolutionize management disorders.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Insula-Medial Prefrontal Cortex Functional Connectivity Modulated by Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation: An fMRI Study DOI

Yujiao Zhang,

Pan Lin, Ruimin Wang

et al.

IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(10), P. 5962 - 5970

Published: July 4, 2024

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is an emerging neuromodulation technology that has been reported to be beneficial in the treatment of diseases by several studies, but its exact mechanism action still unclear. It demonstrated taVNS can influence interoceptive signals. Notably, processing signals directly related many diseases, such as depression, anxiety, and insomnia. The insula medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) communicate during bottom-up transmission taVNS-induced signals, both play a role signal processing. By focusing on MPFC, our research pioneers detail potential interactions between effects taVNS, providing novel insights into neurobiological mechanisms taVNS. Two functional connectivity (FC) analyses (region interest-based seed-based) were used this study. We observed negative MPFC was significantly weakened following while there no statistical changes sham group. Our findings elucidate linking vagal activity with intrinsic FC among specific brain regions networks. Specifically, results indicate may enhance ability flexibly balance awareness cognitive experiences modulating MPFC. modulation impact body-brain interactions, suggesting therapeutic applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

2