Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Feb. 17, 2022
The
opioid
epidemic
remains
a
significant
healthcare
problem
and
is
attributable
to
over
100,000
deaths
per
year.
Poor
sleep
increases
sensitivity
pain,
impulsivity,
inattention,
negative
affect,
all
of
which
might
perpetuate
drug
use.
Opioid
users
have
disrupted
during
use
withdrawal
report
poor
as
reason
for
relapse.
However,
preclinical
studies
investigating
the
relationship
between
loss
substance
associated
underlying
neurobiological
mechanisms
potential
interactions
are
lacking.
One
most
common
forms
in
modern
society
chronic
short
(CSS)
(<7
h/nightly
adults).
Here,
we
used
an
established
model
CSS
investigate
influence
on
reward
male
mice.
paradigm
did
not
increase
corticosterone
levels
or
depressive-like
behavior
after
single
deprivation
session
but
expression
Iba1,
typically
reflects
microglial
activation,
hypothalamus
4
weeks
CSS.
Rested
control
mice
developed
morphine
preference
2-bottle
choice
test,
while
exposed
develop
preference.
Both
groups
demonstrated
conditioned
place
(mCPP),
there
were
no
differences
rested
Taken
together,
our
results
show
that
recovery
disruption
lessens
voluntary
intake,
without
impacting
with
morphine.
American Journal of Physical Anthropology,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
166(3), P. 510 - 529
Published: July 1, 2018
We
investigated
occurrences
and
patterns
of
terrestrial
nocturnal
activity
in
wild
chimpanzees
(Pan
troglodytes)
modelled
the
influence
various
ecological
predictors
on
activity.Data
were
extracted
from
camera-trap
footage
surveys
22
chimpanzee
study
sites
participating
Pan
African
Programme:
The
Cultured
Chimpanzee.
described
videos
demonstrating
activity,
we
tested
effects
percentage
forest,
abundance
predators
(lions,
leopards
hyenas),
large
mammals
(buffalos
elephants),
average
daily
temperature,
rainfall,
human
percent
illumination
probability
activity.We
found
to
occur
at
18
sites,
an
overall
proportion
1.80%
total
during
all
hours
night,
but
more
frequently
twilight
hours.
a
higher
with
lower
levels
larger
forest.
no
effect
mammals,
or
moon
illumination.Chimpanzee
appears
widespread
yet
infrequent,
which
suggests
consolidated
sleeping
pattern.
Nocturnal
may
be
driven
by
stress
high
temperatures
enabled
low
activity.
Human
exert
relatively
greater
behavior
than
predator
presence.
suggest
that
is
flexible,
enabling
them
respond
changing
environmental
factors.
Frontiers in Veterinary Science,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
9
Published: Aug. 17, 2022
Sleep
is
a
significant
biological
requirement
for
all
living
mammals
due
to
its
restorative
properties
and
cognitive
role
in
memory
consolidation.
ubiquitous
amongst
but
sleep
profiles
differ
between
species
dependent
upon
range
of
environmental
factors.
Given
the
functional
importance
sleep,
it
important
understand
these
differences
order
ensure
good
physical
psychological
wellbeing
domesticated
animals.
This
review
focuses
specifically
on
domestic
horse
aims
consolidate
current
information
equine
relation
other
species,
(a)
identify
both
quantitatively
qualitatively
what
constitutes
normal
horse,
(b)
optimal
methods
measure
(logistically
terms
accuracy),
(c)
determine
whether
changes
quantity
quality
reflect
animal's
welfare,
(d)
recognize
primary
factors
that
affect
sleep.
The
then
discusses
gaps
knowledge
uses
this
set
direction
future
research
with
ultimate
aim
improving
performance
welfare.
conclusions
from
are
also
contextualized
within
discussions
around
“social
license”
use
welfare
perspective.
Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Feb. 17, 2022
The
opioid
epidemic
remains
a
significant
healthcare
problem
and
is
attributable
to
over
100,000
deaths
per
year.
Poor
sleep
increases
sensitivity
pain,
impulsivity,
inattention,
negative
affect,
all
of
which
might
perpetuate
drug
use.
Opioid
users
have
disrupted
during
use
withdrawal
report
poor
as
reason
for
relapse.
However,
preclinical
studies
investigating
the
relationship
between
loss
substance
associated
underlying
neurobiological
mechanisms
potential
interactions
are
lacking.
One
most
common
forms
in
modern
society
chronic
short
(CSS)
(<7
h/nightly
adults).
Here,
we
used
an
established
model
CSS
investigate
influence
on
reward
male
mice.
paradigm
did
not
increase
corticosterone
levels
or
depressive-like
behavior
after
single
deprivation
session
but
expression
Iba1,
typically
reflects
microglial
activation,
hypothalamus
4
weeks
CSS.
Rested
control
mice
developed
morphine
preference
2-bottle
choice
test,
while
exposed
develop
preference.
Both
groups
demonstrated
conditioned
place
(mCPP),
there
were
no
differences
rested
Taken
together,
our
results
show
that
recovery
disruption
lessens
voluntary
intake,
without
impacting
with
morphine.
