Exploring the Pathophysiology of Long COVID: The Central Role of Low-Grade Inflammation and Multisystem Involvement

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(12), P. 6389 - 6389

Published: June 9, 2024

Long COVID (LC), also referred to as Post COVID-19 Condition, Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (PASC), and other terms, represents a complex multisystem disease persisting after the acute phase COVID-19. Characterized by myriad symptoms across different organ systems, LC presents significant diagnostic management challenges. Central disorder is role low-grade inflammation, non-classical inflammatory response that contributes chronicity diversity observed. This review explores pathophysiological underpinnings LC, emphasizing importance inflammation core component. By delineating pathogenetic relationships clinical manifestations this article highlights necessity for an integrated approach employs both personalized medicine standardized protocols aimed at mitigating long-term consequences. The insights gained not only enhance our understanding but inform development therapeutic strategies could be applicable chronic conditions with similar features.

Language: Английский

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A Narrative Review on Gut Microbiome Disturbances and Microbial Preparations in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Implications for Long COVID

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 1545 - 1545

Published: May 21, 2024

Myalgic encephalomyelitis, also known as chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), and long COVID are complex, multisystemic long-term disabling conditions characterized by debilitating post-exertional malaise other core symptoms related to immune dysregulation resultant from post-viral infection, including mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation gut dysbiosis. The reported associations between altered microbiota composition cardinal of ME/CFS suggest that the use microbial preparations, such probiotics, restoring homeostasis brain–immune–gut axis, may help in management both conditions. Therefore, this review aims investigate implications alerted microbiome assess evidence supporting microbial-based synbiotics, postbiotics alone and/or combination with nutraceuticals fatigue, inflammation neuropsychiatric gastrointestinal among patients COVID.

Language: Английский

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The gut microbiome in post-COVID syndrome patients

The Innovation Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100123 - 100123

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

<p>Post-COVID syndrome (PCS) is a debilitating condition that affects significant number of COVID-19 survivors worldwide. PCS characterized by persistent symptoms such as fatigue, shortness breath, cognitive impairment, and gastrointestinal issues. The frequent occurrence has prompted researchers to investigate the role gut microbiota in development progression PCS. This review synthesizes findings from recent studies, providing comprehensive overview changes both patients patients. Evidence suggests can cause lasting alterations microbiota, marked reduced microbial diversity, an increase opportunistic pathogens, decrease beneficial bacteria support immune metabolic health. In addition, host-microbe interactions gut-lung, gut-brain, gut-heart axes are explored understand impact microbes on systemic Finally, potential diagnostic therapeutic strategies for discussed, including use probiotics, prebiotics, fecal transplantation (FMT) restore balance alleviate symptoms.</p>

Language: Английский

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Pathogen Discovery in the Post-COVID Era

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 51 - 51

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Pathogen discovery plays a crucial role in the fields of infectious diseases, clinical microbiology, and public health. During past four years, global response to COVID-19 pandemic highlighted importance early accurate identification novel pathogens for effective management prevention outbreaks. The post-COVID era has ushered new phase disease research, marked by accelerated advancements pathogen discovery. This review encapsulates recent innovations paradigm shifts that have reshaped landscape pandemic. Primarily, we summarize latest technology innovations, applications, causation proving strategies enable rapid both acute historical infections. We also explored significance trends approaches being employed implementation from various environmental samples. Furthermore, emphasize collaborative nature response, which led establishment networks

Language: Английский

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A Narrative Review on Gut Microbiome Disturbances and Microbial Preparations in ME/CFS: Implications for Long COVID

Published: May 1, 2024

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, also known as Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long COVID are characterized by debilitating post-exertional malaise other core symptoms related to immune dysregulation resultant from post-viral infection, including mitochondrial dysfunction, chronic neuroinflammation gut dysbiosis. The reported associations between altered microbiota composition cardinal of ME/CFS COVID, suggesting that use microbial preparations, such probiotics, restoring the homeostasis brain-immune-gut axis may help in management both conditions. Therefore, this review aims investigate implications alerted microbiome assess evidence supporting microbial-based synbiotics, postbiotics alone and/or combination with nutraceuticals fatigue, inflammation, well neuropsychiatric gastrointestinal among patients COVID.

Language: Английский

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Interplay between Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children, Interleukin 6, Microbiome, and Gut Barrier Integrity

Immuno, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(3), P. 226 - 246

Published: Aug. 18, 2024

A severe consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection that manifests as systemic inflammation and multi-organ involvement is called Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C). This review examines the possible relationship between gut barrier integrity, microbiome, dysregulation interleukin 6 (IL-6) signaling, MIS-C. Clinical biochemical features MIS-C are comparable to those other hyper-inflammatory syndromes, suggesting a dysregulated immune response. One explanation for seen patients SARS-CoV-2-induced IL-6 signaling pathway. In addition, new data suggest reciprocal link integrity IL-6. exhibits bacteriophage-like behavior, highlighting role bacteria reservoir virus emphasizing importance understanding bacteriophagic mechanism fecal–oral transmission. The increased translocation viral products bacterial toxins may result from disrupting intestinal cause inflammation. On hand, can weaken barrier, which feeds back into loop immunological dysregulation. context MIS-C, interaction infection, IL-6, shed light on etiology disease guide treatment options. Since children with dysbiosis be more susceptible it critical reinforce their microbiome through probiotics supplementation, plant-fiber-rich diets (prebiotics). Early antibiotic use zonulin antagonists should also considered.

Language: Английский

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Blood virome research in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: challenges and opportunities

Current Opinion in Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 68-69, P. 101437 - 101437

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating disease with complex clinical presentation and an unknown etiology. Various viral infections have been proposed as potential triggers of ME/CFS onset, but no specific pathogen has identified in all cases postinfectious ME/CFS. The symptomatology the postacute sequelae SARS-CoV-2, or long COVID, mirrors that ME/CFS, nearly half COVID patients meeting diagnostic criteria. influx newly diagnosed reinvigorated interest pathogenesis research, emphasis on triggers. This review summarizes current understanding research triggers, including blood virome screening studies. To further elucidate molecular basis there need to develop innovative bioinformatics tools capable analyzing data integrating multiomics information.

Language: Английский

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