Neoadjuvant immunotherapy strategies for resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Current evidence among special populations and future perspectives

Cancer Treatment Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 131, P. 102845 - 102845

Published: Oct. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Targeted Therapies in Early-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 652 - 652

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Background: Approximately 25-30% of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are diagnosed when the disease is still resectable, although risk recurrence significant. Recently, approaches based on targeted agents or immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have modified management such patients. However, some questions remain unanswered. Objectives: Our aim to assess current evidence involving and ICIs in resectable NSCLC, provide an up-to-date overview subject, identify areas debate, Methods: We analyzed randomized trials therapies early-stage published presented at international oncology meetings throughout last 5 years. Results: Osimertinib alectinib shown robust results adjuvant setting for molecularly identified patient subgroups, while achieved data neoadjuvant/perioperative setting, with less consistent pure approach. Circulating tumor DNA levels may offer a possible biomarker therapeutic decisions, albeit more prospective needed. Conclusions: Targeted revolutionizing similarly what was observed advanced disease. Prospective studies designed compare neoadjuvant, adjuvant, perioperative role circulating biomarkers warranted.

Language: Английский

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Drug Resistance in Late-Stage Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR)-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients After First-Line Treatment with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 2042 - 2042

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

The development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for late-stage epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represented a drastic change in the treatment cancer. Drug resistance develops after certain period first-line TKI treatment, which has led to decades changing guidelines EGFR-mutant NSCLC. This study discussed potential mechanisms drug against and successive strategies. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) may play role evaluation treatment. Emerging combination regimens ongoing trials were discussed. Potential future strategies management proposed this study.

Language: Английский

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The Role of ctDNA for Diagnosis and Histological Prediction in Early Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Narrative Review

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(7), P. 904 - 904

Published: April 1, 2025

Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) may be released from neoplastic cells into biological fluids through apoptosis, necrosis, or active release. In patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), ctDNA analysis is being introduced in clinical practice only for advanced disease management. Nevertheless, an interesting and promising field of application the management early stage cancer, both evaluation before treatment, such as diagnosis screening, prediction histology pathological features. Methods: A thorough review literature published between 2000 2024 was performed on PubMed, utilizing search feature to narrow down titles abstracts containing following keywords: ctDNA, stage, NSCLC. total 20 studies that met all inclusion criteria were chosen this review. Results: review, we summarize increasing evidence suggesting has potential applications levels cancers are very low, posing many technical challenges improving detection rate sensitivity, especially practice, if it implemented detection. Presently, main limitation experimental studies, settings, lack definitive standardization consensus regarding methodology, absence systematically validated analyses, adoption sensitive approaches. Conclusions: Possible analyte open up new fields diagnosis, follow up, which less invasive more precise than other approaches currently use, NSCLC patients.

Language: Английский

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Development of a miRNA-Based Model for Lung Cancer Detection

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 942 - 942

Published: March 10, 2025

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, with late-stage diagnoses contributing to poor survival rates. While lung screening low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has proven effective in reducing among heavy smokers, its limitations, including high false-positive rates and resource intensiveness, restrict widespread use. Liquid biopsy, particularly using microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers, offers a promising adjunct current strategies. This study aimed evaluate predictive power panel serum miRNA biomarkers for detection. Patients Methods: A case-control was conducted at two tertiary hospitals, enrolling 82 cases 123 controls. We performed an extensive literature review shortlist 25 candidate miRNAs, which 16 showed significant two-fold increase expression compared Machine learning techniques, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors, Neural Networks, Support Vector Machines, were employed identify top six miRNAs. then evaluated models, incorporating these nodule characteristics on LDCT. Results: prediction model utilising (mir-196a, mir-1268, mir-130b, mir-1290, mir-106b mir-1246) alone achieved area under curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.78 0.86, sensitivities 70–78% specificities 73–85%. Incorporating size significantly improved performance, yielding AUC between 0.96 0.99, 92–98% 93–98%. Conclusions: combining cancer. Integration into protocols may improve patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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A new paradigm of e-NOSE technology for the non-invasive and early lung cancer diagnostics

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 162155 - 162155

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Advances in PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors targeted therapies for NSCLC: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, Combination Therapies

BIO Web of Conferences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 174, P. 02013 - 02013

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

NSCLC is the broadest malignant disease and a significant instigator of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Fortunately, recent advances in precision immunotherapy, particularly those aiming at PD-1 PD-L1 pathways, have introduced an encouraging new avenue for treatment NSCLC. Nevertheless, there paucity research examining biomarkers that are pivotal forecasting inhibitor therapy. Those crucial evaluating development resistance to such treatments assessing efficacy therapeutic interventions. The review begins by outlining mechanisms through which inhibitors act therapy then proceeds elucidate cellular immune escape pathways relevant this context. Subsequently, article explores potential as predictors prognosticators Moreover, examines integrating with other approaches, emphasizing synergistic effects augmented combinations. concludes discussion future directions, will assist clinicians researchers optimizing utilization immunotherapy

Language: Английский

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Multiorgan transplant for therapy-associated lung and liver failure in a patient with stage III lung cancer

American Journal of Transplantation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Liquid and Tissue Biopsies for Lung Cancer: Algorithms and Perspectives

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(19), P. 3340 - 3340

Published: Sept. 29, 2024

The targeted therapies and immunotherapies in thoracic oncology, particularly for NS-NSCLC, are associated with an increase the number of predictive biomarkers to be assessed routine clinical practice. These treatments administered thanks marketing authorization use daily practice or evaluated during trials. Since molecular targets identified more complex numerous, it is now mandatory NGS. NGS can developed from both tissue fluid (mainly blood). blood tests so-called “liquid biopsies” (LB), performed plasmatic circulating free DNA (cf-DNA) complementary testing a TB. LB lung cancer international guidelines, but additional algorithms could set up. However, even if useful better care patients, notably advanced metastatic until not often integrated into practice, at least Europe France. purpose this review describe different opportunities leading identification signature using liquid biopsies, introduce principle limitations also some perspectives field.

Language: Английский

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The Role of ctDNA in the Management of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the AI and NGS Era

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(24), P. 13669 - 13669

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

Liquid biopsy (LB) involves the analysis of circulating tumour-derived DNA (ctDNA), providing a minimally invasive method for gathering both quantitative and qualitative information. Genomic ctDNA through next-generation sequencing (NGS) enables comprehensive genetic profiling tumours, including non-driver alterations that offer prognostic insights. LB can be applied in early-stage disease settings, diagnosis monitoring minimal residual (MRD), advanced treatment response understanding mechanisms behind progression tumour heterogeneity. Currently, has limited use clinical practice, primarily due to its significant costs, diagnostic yield, uncertain role. The application artificial intelligence (AI) medical field is promising approach processing extensive information applying it individual cases enhance therapeutic decision-making refine risk assessment.

Language: Английский

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