Production of Liquid Solar Fuels and Their Use in Fuel Cells

Joule, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 1(4), P. 689 - 738

Published: Sept. 28, 2017

Language: Английский

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The Noncanonical Pathway for In Vivo Nitric Oxide Generation: The Nitrate-Nitrite-Nitric Oxide Pathway

Pharmacological Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 72(3), P. 692 - 766

Published: June 23, 2020

In contrast to nitric oxide, which has well established and important roles in the regulation of blood flow thrombosis, neurotransmission, normal functioning genitourinary system, inflammation response host defense, its oxidized metabolites nitrite nitrate have, until recently, been considered be relatively inactive. However, this view radically revised over past decade more. Much evidence now accumulated demonstrating that serves as a storage form releasing oxide preferentially under acidic and/or hypoxic conditions but also occurring physiologic conditions: phenomenon is catalyzed by number distinct mammalian reductases. Importantly, preclinical studies demonstrate reduction results beneficial effects, including vasodilatation vessels lowering pressure, cytoprotective effects limit extent damage caused an ischemia/reperfusion insult, with latter issue having translated more recently clinical setting. addition, research demonstrated other main metabolite oxidation (i.e., nitrate) can sequentially reduced through processing vivo then exert range effects—most notably confirmed effective method for pressure patients hypertension. This review will provide detailed description pathways involved bioactivation both vivo, their functional models, mechanisms action, discussion translational exploration pathway diverse disease states characterized deficiencies bioavailable oxide.

Significance Statement

The 15 years seen major revision our understanding synthesis body discovery noncanonical generation known nitrate-nitrite-nitric pathway. describes molecular components pathway, role physiology, potential therapeutics targeting impact experimental translation (past future) side effects.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis

CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS (CHINESE VERSION), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 50, P. 6 - 44

Published: July 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in electrocatalytic nitrite reduction

Chemical Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 58(17), P. 2777 - 2787

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Electrocatalytic nitrite reduction is of great significance for wastewater treatment and value-added chemicals synthesis.

Language: Английский

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Highly Durable and Selective Fe- and Mo-Based Atomically Dispersed Electrocatalysts for Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia via Distinct and Synergized NO₂^– Pathways

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 6651 - 6662

Published: May 20, 2022

Aimed toward the pursuit of manufacturing ammonia in a carbon-neutral and decentralized manner, electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) not only promises an effective route for synthesis but also offers potential advantages to wastewater remediation. Here, we describe efficacy bioinspired, atomically dispersed catalysts NO3RR aqueous media via catalytic cascade. Compared nanoparticles with extended surfaces, are largely underexplored this field, despite their intrinsic selectivity mono-nitrogen species over dinitrogen counterparts. Herein, specifically report on series nitrogen-coordinated mono- bimetallic, dispersed, iron- molybdenum-based electrocatalysts NO3RR. The key role *NO2/NO2– intermediates was identified both computationally experimentally, wherein Fe–N4 sites Mo–N4/*O–Mo–N4 carried distinct associative dissociative adsorption NO3– molecules, respectively. By integrating individual Fe Mo single bimetallic catalyst, unique pathways were synergized, achieving Faradaic efficiency 94% ammonia. Furthermore, robustness FeMo–N–C catalyst highlighted by five consecutive 12 h electrolysis cycles being maintained above 90% entire 60 h. utilization cascades, synergizing heterogeneous single-atom sites, is unconstrained linear scaling relations sheds light designing highly selective, efficient, durable synthesis.

Language: Английский

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Grand challenges in the nitrogen cycle

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 50(6), P. 3640 - 3646

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

In this Viewpoint, we address limitations within our current understanding of the complex chemistry enzymes in Nitrogen Cycle. Understanding these chemical processes plays a key role limiting anthropogenic effects on environment.

Language: Английский

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Nitrogen cycling and microbial cooperation in the terrestrial subsurface

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 2561 - 2573

Published: Aug. 8, 2022

The nitrogen cycle plays a major role in aquatic transformations, including the terrestrial subsurface. However, variety of transformations remains understudied. To determine how cycling microorganisms respond to different aquifer chemistries, we sampled groundwater with varying nutrient and oxygen contents. Genes transcripts involved nitrogen-cycling pathways were quantified from 55 26 sites, respectively, metagenomes metatranscriptomes analyzed subset oxic dysoxic sites (0.3-1.1 mg/L bulk dissolved oxygen). Nitrogen-cycling mechanisms (e.g. ammonia oxidation, denitrification, dissimilatory nitrate reduction ammonium) prevalent highly redundant, regardless site-specific physicochemistry or availability, present 40% reconstructed genomes, suggesting that is core function communities. Transcriptional activity for nitrification, nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (anammox) occurred simultaneously groundwater, indicating availability oxic-anoxic interfaces. Concurrent by these indicates potential synergisms through metabolite exchange across interfaces nitrite Fragmented denitrification pathway encoding transcription was widespread among bacteria, although considerable proportion associated transcriptional driven complete denitrifiers, especially under conditions. Despite large differences transcription, capacity final steps largely invariant conditions, most genes N2O reductases atypical Sec-dependant type, energy-efficiency prioritization. Results provide insights into cooperative relationships communities, richness complexity metabolic leading loss fixed nitrogen.

Language: Английский

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Genomic structure predicts metabolite dynamics in microbial communities

Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 185(3), P. 530 - 546.e25

Published: Jan. 31, 2022

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in the chemistry of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as fertilizers in soil: A review

Pedosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 33(3), P. 385 - 406

Published: July 5, 2022

Language: Английский

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Emerging p-Block-Element-Based Electrocatalysts for Sustainable Nitrogen Conversion

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(10), P. 15512 - 15527

Published: Oct. 14, 2022

Artificial nitrogen conversion reactions, such as the production of ammonia via dinitrogen or nitrate reduction and synthesis organonitrogen compounds C–N coupling, play a pivotal role in modern life. As alternatives to traditional industrial processes that are energy- carbon-emission-intensive, electrocatalytic reactions under mild conditions have attracted significant research interests. However, electrosynthesis process still suffers from low product yield Faradaic efficiency, which highlight importance developing efficient catalysts. In contrast transition-metal-based catalysts been widely studied, p-block-element-based recently shown promising performance because their intriguing physiochemical properties intrinsically poor hydrogen adsorption ability. this Perspective, we summarize latest breakthroughs development electrocatalysts toward applications, including N2 urea using nitrogen-containing feedstocks carbon dioxide. The catalyst design strategies underlying reaction mechanisms discussed. Finally, major challenges opportunities future directions also proposed.

Language: Английский

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