Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes, 2022. A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)

Diabetes Care, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 45(11), P. 2753 - 2786

Published: Sept. 23, 2022

The American Diabetes Association and the European for Study of convened a panel to update previous consensus statements on management hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes adults, published since 2006 last updated 2019. target audience is full spectrum professional health care team providing U.S. Europe. A systematic examination publications 2018 informed new recommendations. These include additional focus social determinants health, system, physical activity behaviors, including sleep. There greater emphasis weight as part holistic approach management. results cardiovascular kidney outcomes trials involving sodium–glucose cotransporter inhibitors glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, assessment subgroups, inform broader recommendations cardiorenal protection people with at high risk disease. After summary listing recommendations, practical tips implementation are provided.

Language: Английский

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Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes, 2022. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)

Diabetologia, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 65(12), P. 1925 - 1966

Published: Sept. 23, 2022

Language: Английский

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Chronotype and Social Jetlag: A (Self-) Critical Review

Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 54 - 54

Published: July 12, 2019

The Munich ChronoType Questionnaire (MCTQ) has now been available for more than 15 years and its original publication cited 1240 times (Google Scholar, May 2019). Additionally, online version, which was until July 2017, produced almost 300,000 entries from all over the world (MCTQ database). MCTQ gone through several versions, translated into 13 languages, validated against other objective measures of daily timing in independent studies. Besides being used as a method to correlate circadian features human biology with factors—ranging health issues geographical factors—the gave rise quantification old wisdoms, like “teenagers are late”, new concepts, social jetlag. Some MCTQ’s simplicity some view it critically. Therefore, is time present self-critical on MCTQ, address misunderstandings, give definitions MCTQ-derived chronotype concept

Language: Английский

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Effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on human sleep and rest-activity rhythms

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 30(14), P. R795 - R797

Published: June 10, 2020

Language: Английский

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The role of insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment in obesity

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(2), P. 82 - 97

Published: Oct. 24, 2022

Language: Английский

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Wearable technologies for developing sleep and circadian biomarkers: a summary of workshop discussions

SLEEP, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 43(2)

Published: Oct. 23, 2019

Abstract The “International Biomarkers Workshop on Wearables in Sleep and Circadian Science” was held at the 2018 SLEEP Meeting of Associated Professional Societies. workshop brought together experts consumer sleep technologies medical devices, circadian physiology, clinical translational research, practice. goals were: (1) characterize term “wearable” for use science identify relevant metrics wearables to measure; (2) assess current science; (3) barriers applying (4) opportunities advance science. For purposes biomarker development fields, included terms “wearables,” “nearables,” “ingestibles.” Given state technology, limited validation wearable devices against gold standard measurements is primary factor limiting large-scale research. As such, committee proposed a set best practices studies guidelines regarding how choose device research use. To complement studies, recommends public data repository data. Finally, scientists must actively engage maintain rigor scientific findings health messages based technology.

Language: Английский

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Circadian disruption, clock genes, and metabolic health

Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 134(14)

Published: July 14, 2024

A growing body of research has identified circadian-rhythm disruption as a risk factor for metabolic health. However, the underlying biological basis remains complex, and complete molecular mechanisms are unknown. There is emerging evidence from animal human to suggest that expression core circadian genes, such locomotor output cycles kaput gene (CLOCK), brain muscle ARNT-Like 1 (BMAL1), period (PER), cyptochrome (CRY), consequent hundreds genes integral regulation cellular metabolism. These represent potential pathophysiological pathways linking adverse health outcomes, including obesity, syndrome, type 2 diabetes. Here, we aim summarize select in vivo models compare these results with epidemiologic findings advance understanding existing foundational mechanistic links between altered clock contributions health-related pathologies. Findings have important implications treatment, prevention, control pathologies leading causes death disability, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Daylight for Humans: Gaps in Current Knowledge

Clocks & Sleep, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 61 - 85

Published: Feb. 28, 2020

Daylight stems solely from direct, scattered and reflected sunlight, undergoes dynamic changes in irradiance spectral power composition due to latitude, time of day, year the nature physical environment (reflections, buildings vegetation). Humans their ancestors evolved under these natural day/night cycles over millions years. Electric light, a relatively recent invention, interacts competes with light–dark cycle impact human biology. What are consequences living industrialised urban areas much less daylight more use electric throughout day (and at night), on general health quality life? In this workshop report, we have classified key gaps knowledge research into three main groups: (I) uncertainty as quantity needed for “optimal” physiological psychological functioning, (II) lack consensus practical measurement assessment methods tools monitoring real (day) light exposure across multiple scales, (III) insufficient integration exchange bases different disciplines. Crucial short long-term objectives fill proposed.

Language: Английский

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Association of Longitudinal Patterns of Habitual Sleep Duration With Risk of Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 3(5), P. e205246 - e205246

Published: May 22, 2020

Importance

Single self-reported measures of sleep duration are associated with adverse health outcomes; however, long-term patterns and their association cardiovascular events (CVEs) all-cause mortality remain unknown.

Objective

To determine whether trajectories vs single-measure subsequent risk CVEs mortality.

Design, Setting, Participants

The Kailuan study is a prospective, population-based cohort that began in 2006. present included 52 599 Chinese adults without atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, stroke, or cancer to 2010. Trajectories from January 1, 2006, December 31, 2010, were identified investigate the 2017. Data analysis was conducted July 1 October 2019.

Exposures

Habitual nocturnal durations collected 2008, for 4 years by latent mixture modeling.

Main Outcomes Measures

All-cause first incident (atrial stroke) 2010 2017 confirmed medical records. Based on baseline over time, categorized (normal stable, normal decreasing, low increasing, stable).

Results

Of (mean [SD] age at baseline, 52.5 [11.8] years), 40 087 (76.2%) male 12 512 (23.8%) female. Four distinct 4-year trajectory identified: stable (range, 7.4 7.5 hours [n = 262]), decreasing decrease 7.0 5.5 8074]), increasing increase 4.9 6.9 3384]), 4.2 879]). During mean (SD) follow-up 6.7 (1.1) years, 2361 individuals died 2406 had CVE. Compared normal-stable pattern adjusting potential confounders, low-increasing increased (hazard ratio [HR], 1.22; 95% CI, 1.04-1.43), normal-decreasing (HR, 1.34; 1.15-1.57), low-stable highest 1.47; 1.05-2.05) death 1.50; 1.07-2.10).

Conclusions Relevance

In this study, lower unstable significantly Longitudinal may assist more precise identification different at-risk groups possible intervention. People reporting consistently sleeping less than 5 per night should be regarded as population higher CVE

Language: Английский

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Chronotype and Social Jetlag - a (self-)critical review

Published: May 8, 2019

The Munich ChronoType Questionnaire (MCTQ) has now been available for more than 15 years; its original publication cited 1,240 times (Google Scholar, May 2019); online version, which was until July 2017, produced almost 300,000 entries from all over the world (MCTQ database). MCTQ gone through several versions, translated into 13 languages and validated against other objective measures of daily timing in independent studies. Besides being used as a method to correlate circadian features human biology with factors – ranging health issues geographical gave rise quantifying old wisdoms, like “teenagers are late” new concepts, social jetlag. Some MCTQ’s simplicity some view it critically; is time have self-critical on MCTQ, address misunderstandings give definitions about MCTQ-derived chronotype concept

Language: Английский

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