Genomics,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
113(6), P. 3666 - 3680
Published: Aug. 14, 2021
Copepods
encompass
numerous
ecological
roles
including
parasites,
detrivores
and
phytoplankton
grazers.
Nonetheless,
copepod
genome
assemblies
remain
scarce.
Lepeophtheirus
salmonis
is
an
economically
ecologically
important
ectoparasitic
found
on
salmonid
fish.
We
present
the
695.4
Mbp
L.
assembly
containing
≈60%
repetitive
regions
13,081
annotated
protein-coding
genes.
The
comprises
14
autosomes
a
ZZ-ZW
sex
chromosome
system.
Assembly
assessment
identified
92.4%
of
expected
arthropod
Transcriptomics
supported
annotation
indicated
marked
shift
in
gene
expression
after
host
attachment,
apparent
downregulation
genes
related
to
circadian
rhythm
coinciding
with
abandoning
diurnal
migration.
shows
evolutionary
signatures
loss
needed
for
peroxisome
biogenesis,
presence
FNII
domains,
incomplete
heme
homeostasis
pathway
suggesting
proteins
be
obtained
from
host.
Despite
repeated
development
resistance
against
chemical
treatments
exhibits
low
numbers
many
involved
detoxification.
Toxins,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
11(11), P. 666 - 666
Published: Nov. 14, 2019
Venoms
are
one
of
the
most
convergent
animal
traits
known,
and
encompass
a
much
greater
taxonomic
functional
diversity
than
is
commonly
appreciated.
This
knowledge
gap
limits
potential
venom
as
model
trait
in
evolutionary
biology.
Here,
we
summarize
venoms
relate
this
to
what
known
about
system
morphology,
modulation,
pharmacology,
with
aim
drawing
attention
importance
these
largely
neglected
aspects
research.
We
find
that
animals
have
evolved
at
least
101
independent
times
play
11
distinct
ecological
roles
addition
predation,
defense,
feeding.
Comparisons
different
systems
suggest
morphology
strongly
influences
how
achieve
functions,
hence
an
important
consideration
for
understanding
molecular
evolution
their
toxins.
Our
findings
also
highlight
need
more
holistic
studies
toxins
they
contain.
Greater
behavior,
ecologically
relevant
toxin
pharmacology
will
improve
our
toxins,
likely
facilitate
exploration
sources
tools
therapeutic
agrochemical
lead
compounds.
Molecular Biology and Evolution,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
39(2)
Published: Jan. 25, 2022
Deciphering
the
evolutionary
relationships
of
Chelicerata
(arachnids,
horseshoe
crabs,
and
allied
taxa)
has
proven
notoriously
difficult,
due
to
their
ancient
rapid
radiation
incidence
elevated
rates
in
several
lineages.
Although
conflicting
hypotheses
prevail
morphological
molecular
data
sets
alike,
monophyly
Arachnida
is
nearly
universally
accepted,
despite
historical
lack
support
sets.
Some
phylotranscriptomic
analyses
have
recovered
arachnid
monophyly,
but
these
did
not
sample
all
living
orders,
whereas
including
orders
failed
recover
Arachnida.
To
understand
this
conflict,
we
assembled
a
set
506
high-quality
genomes
transcriptomes,
sampling
with
high
occupancy
rigorous
approaches
orthology
inference.
Our
consistently
nested
placement
crabs
within
paraphyletic
This
result
was
insensitive
variation
genes,
complexity
substitution
models,
alternative
algorithmic
species
tree
Investigation
sources
systematic
bias
showed
that
genes
sites
are
enriched
noise
exhibit
low
information
content.
test
impact
data,
generated
514-taxon
matrix
extant
fossil
Chelicerata,
analyzed
tandem
matrix.
Combined
clade
Merostomata
(the
marine
Xiphosura,
Eurypterida,
Chasmataspidida),
merostomates
appeared
results
suggest
convergence
resulting
from
adaptations
life
terrestrial
habitats
driven
perception
paralleling
history
numerous
other
invertebrate
groups.
Frontiers in Endocrinology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: June 21, 2021
A
pair
of
Y-organs
(YOs)
are
the
molting
glands
decapod
crustaceans.
They
synthesize
and
secrete
steroid
hormones
(ecdysteroids)
their
activity
is
controlled
by
external
internal
signals.
The
YO
transitions
through
four
physiological
states
over
molt
cycle,
which
mediated
molt-inhibiting
hormone
(MIH;
basal
state),
mechanistic
Target
Rapamycin
Complex
1
(mTORC1;
activated
Transforming
Growth
Factor-β
(TGFβ)/Activin
(committed
ecdysteroid
(repressed
state)
signaling
pathways.
MIH,
produced
in
eyestalk
X-organ/sinus
gland
complex,
inhibits
synthesis
ecdysteroids.
model
for
MIH
organized
into
a
cAMP/Ca
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(1)
Published: March 9, 2022
Abstract
Rickettsia
species
are
endosymbionts
hosted
by
arthropods
and
known
to
cause
mild
fatal
diseases
in
humans.
Here,
we
analyse
the
evolution
diversity
of
34
using
a
pangenomic
meta-analysis
(80
genomes/41
plasmids).
Phylogenomic
trees
showed
that
spp.
diverged
into
two
Spotted
Fever
groups,
Typhus
group,
Canadensis
group
Bellii
may
have
inherited
their
plasmids
from
an
ancestral
plasmid
persisted
some
strains
or
been
lost
others.
The
results
suggested
ancestors
might
infected
Acari
and/or
Insecta
probably
persisting
inside
switching
hosts.
Pangenomic
analysis
revealed
genus
evolved
through
strong
interplay
between
genome
degradation/reduction
expansion
leading
possible
distinct
adaptive
trajectories.
mainly
shared
evolutionary
relationships
with
α-proteobacteria,
also
γ/β/δ-proteobacteria,
cytophagia,
actinobacteria,
cyanobacteria,
chlamydiia
viruses,
suggesting
lateral
exchanges
several
critical
genes.
These
processes
orchestrated
abundance
mobile
genetic
elements,
especially
groups.
In
this
study,
provided
global
genomic
view
intracellular
help
our
understanding
diversity,
adaptation
fitness.
