The extracellular matrix in development

Development, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 147(10)

Published: May 15, 2020

ABSTRACT As the crucial non-cellular component of tissues, extracellular matrix (ECM) provides both physical support and signaling regulation to cells. Some ECM molecules provide a fibrillar environment around cells, while others sheet-like basement membrane scaffold beneath epithelial In this Review, we focus on recent studies investigating mechanical, biophysical cues provided developing tissues by different types in variety organisms. addition, discuss how helps regulate tissue morphology during embryonic development governing key elements cell shape, adhesion, migration differentiation.

Language: Английский

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Mechanochemical Feedback Loops in Development and Disease

Cell, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 178(1), P. 12 - 25

Published: June 1, 2019

Language: Английский

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The Hippo Pathway, YAP/TAZ, and the Plasma Membrane

Trends in Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 30(1), P. 32 - 48

Published: Dec. 2, 2019

Language: Английский

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Electrospun nanofibers promote wound healing: theories, techniques, and perspectives

Journal of Materials Chemistry B, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(14), P. 3106 - 3130

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

We provides a review on how electrospun nanofiber scaffolds promote wound healing and the technology has been used for fabricating multi-functional that have greatly promoted development of dressings.

Language: Английский

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Dynamic Stimulations with Bioengineered Extracellular Matrix‐Mimicking Hydrogels for Mechano Cell Reprogramming and Therapy

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(21)

Published: April 29, 2023

Abstract Cells interact with their surrounding environment through a combination of static and dynamic mechanical signals that vary over stimulus types, intensity, space, time. Compared to such as stiffness, porosity, topography, the current understanding on effects stimulations cells remains limited, attributing lack access devices, complexity experimental set‐up, data interpretation. Yet, in pursuit emerging translational applications (e.g., cell manufacturing for clinical treatment), it is crucial understand how respond variety forces are omnipresent vivo so they can be exploited enhance therapeutic outcomes. With rising appreciation extracellular matrix (ECM) key regulator biofunctions, researchers have bioengineered suite ECM‐mimicking hydrogels, which fine‐tuned spatiotemporal cues model complex profiles. This review first discusses stimuli may impact different cellular components various mechanobiology pathways involved. Then, hydrogels designed incorporate parameters influence behaviors described. The Scopus database also used analyze relative strength evidence, ranging from strong weak, based number published literatures, associated citations, treatment significance. Additionally, impacts clinically relevant types including mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, immune evaluated. aim draw attention paucity studies well highlight potential using cocktail intensities fates (similar concept biochemical direct fate). It envisioned this progress report will inspire more exciting development mechanoresponsive biomedical applications.

Language: Английский

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Adherens junctions as molecular regulators of emergent tissue mechanics

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 252 - 269

Published: Dec. 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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Osr2 functions as a biomechanical checkpoint to aggravate CD8+ T cell exhaustion in tumor

Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187(13), P. 3409 - 3426.e24

Published: May 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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The Urothelium: Life in a Liquid Environment

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 100(4), P. 1621 - 1705

Published: March 19, 2020

The urothelium, which lines the renal pelvis, ureters, urinary bladder, and proximal urethra, forms a high-resistance but adaptable barrier that surveils its mechanochemical environment communicates changes to underlying tissues including afferent nerve fibers smooth muscle. goal of this review is summarize new insights into urothelial biology function have occurred in past decade. After familiarizing reader with key aspects histology, we describe development regeneration. This followed by an extended discussion function, information about roles glycocalyx, ion water transport, tight junctions, cellular tissue shape other adaptations accompany expansion contraction lower tract. We also explore evidence urothelium can alter solute composition urine during normal physiology response overdistension. complete providing overview our current knowledge environment, discussing sensor transducer functions exploring role circadian rhythms gene expression, describing novel research tools are likely further advance understanding biology.

Language: Английский

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Tissue rheology in embryonic organization

The EMBO Journal, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 38(20)

Published: Sept. 12, 2019

Review12 September 2019Open Access Tissue rheology in embryonic organization Nicoletta I Petridou Corresponding Author [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-8451-1195 Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria Search for more papers by this author Carl-Philipp Heisenberg orcid.org/0000-0002-0912-4566 Information *,1 1Institute *Corresponding author. Tel: +43 664 9149590; E-mail: 2243 9000 3901; The EMBO Journal (2019)38:e102497https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2019102497 See the Glossary abbreviations used article. PDFDownload PDF article text main figures. ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyWechatReddit Figures & Info Abstract morphogenesis multicellular organisms is brought about spatiotemporal coordination mechanical chemical signals. Extensive work on how forces together with well-established morphogen signalling pathways can actively shape living tissues has revealed evolutionary conserved mechanochemical features development. More recently, attention been drawn description tissue material properties they influence certain morphogenetic processes. Interestingly, besides role determining much deform response force application, there increasing theoretical experimental evidence, suggesting that abruptly drastically change These changes resemble phase transitions, pointing at intriguing possibility important processes development, such as symmetry breaking self-organization, might be mediated transitions. In review, we summarize recent findings regulation context developing embryo. We posit abrupt rheological may have implications maintaining balance between robustness adaptability during Adaptability ability a system adapt itself into new state upon perturbations Control parameter A thermodynamic variable when acquiring critical value causes discontinuity order Critical point end equilibrium curve Criticality vicinity transition Elasticity Ability recover its original configuration (a reference remembers) given applied stress released Fluidity Inverse viscosity, flow under Fluidization from static solid-like dynamic fluid-like Glassy materials Materials solids but microscopically exhibiting disordered structure liquid Jamming Divergence viscosity (i.e. polymers, granular materials, glasses, foams) particle density an amorphous Order Measure degree order, which exists one disappears other Phase Abrupt (solid, liquid, gas) control infinitesimally modified Power law functional relationship relative quantity gives rise proportional quantity, independently initial size those quantities Rheology study both solid fluid characteristics react Rigidity withstand deformation Robustness resistance stable Scale invariance Features objects do not scales variables are multiplied common factor Solidification makes Stiffness/Elastic or Young's modulus Modulus elasticity, ratio strain elastic region. Unit: N/m Strain Universality At point, systems acquire characteristics, shared many systems, irrespective microscopic details Viscosity required velocity. Pa.s Wetting maintain contact surface due adhesive cohesive Yield maximal sustain before starting re-organize exhibit plastic permanent Introduction How single-cell totipotent zygote transform fully organism long-standing unresolved problem interface developmental biology, physics evolution. seminal works Alan Turing "The basis morphogenesis" (Turing, 1952) D'Arcy Thomson "On growth form" (Thompson, 1917) set our current understanding spatial temporal interdependent biochemical signals organismal embryo initially consists seemingly uniform cell mass, needs broken existing asymmetries amplified (Blum et al, 2014; Zhang Hiiragi, 2018). Chemical signals, also called morphogens, prime cells within mass distinct fate behaviour. Often, these specification involve reaction–diffusion activators inhibitors triggering patterning (Wartlick 2009; Briscoe Small, 2015). Mechanical geometrical constraints, only directly affect position embryo, "read" "sensed" molecular components, typically belonging cytoskeletal adhesion apparatus. mechanosensitive responses lead transformation turn (Heisenberg Bellaïche, 2013; 2017). form feedback loop, thereby linking underlying gene regulatory (Mercker 2016; Barone 2017; Hannezo Heisenberg, 2019; Xia 2019). Embryo depends generated, transmitted sensed organism, constituent (Davidson, 2011). Generally, determine what extent extrinsic intrinsically generated (Lecuit most tool measure "creep recovery" test, where monitored application removal (Gutierrez-Lemini, 2014) (Glossary; Fig 1). and/or fluids (Özkaya 1991). exhibits deformation, it deforms long returns removed (Fig 1A). viscous increases over time irreversible 1B). By analysing stress–strain time, several material, stiffness/elastic modulus, viscosity/fluidity yield stress, obtained 1) 1991; Bonn pioneering studies Steinberg colleagues, stress-relaxation experiments using parallel plate compression apparatus (Box isolated spherical aggregates dominating short longer 1C) (Forgacs 1998). Similar viscoelastic behaviour cell–cell contacts (Clément 2017), tissue-scale could confer plasticity allowing them integrity challenged short-term (solid-like characteristic), permanently their exposed development (fluid-like characteristic). Moreover, morphogenesis, motion influenced microenvironment (Engler 2006; Rozario DeSimone, 2010; Trichet 2012; Bonnans 2014), suggests specific influencing capacity tissues. However, still infancy, partially lack suitable techniques systematically variations recently gained momentum (summarized Box 1 reviewed Campàs 2016). Figure 1. Identification through testsStrain (ε)—time, (σ)—strain (ε) rate (ε%) plots (creep, green shaded box) release (recovery, orange (A–C). An displays proportionality strain. It immediately once removed. From plot, (E) calculated as: σ = Eε. rate. gradually irreversibly. Once removed, energy dissipation, acquired retained. (η) ηε%. timescale immediate followed timescales application. When some quickly recovered nature rest then decreases either (viscoelastic fluid) completely solid). (y) identified stops deformations begins (circle). Abbreviations: ε, strain; σ, stress; E, modulus; ε%, rate; η, viscosity; y, stress. Download figure PowerPoint 1: Biophysical tools measuring Cell/tissue spectroscopy: spectroscopy Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) records bending cantilever known approaches defined speed (Gautier 2015; Haase Pelling, Krieg For probing large-scale tissues, large bead attached AFM avoid local heterogeneities. used, e.g., elasticity Xenopus head mesoderm (Barriga 2018), chick digestive tract (Chevalier 2016) basement membrane Drosophila egg chamber (Crest Viscous moduli extracted method constant displacement while cell/tissue (Mathur 2001). major limitation difficult decouple deep properties. Brillouin (BM): BM probes via light scattering. visible monochromatic laser scattered interaction acoustic waves spontaneously induced fluctuations sample (phonons, sounds waves). This generates spectrum frequency shift compared illumination light, longitudinal measured if refractive index known. serves approximate rigidity since higher rigid lower less materials. addition, linewidth peaks (preprint: Prevedel map 3D ECM stiffness notochord zebrafish embryos (Bevilacqua advantage technique non-invasive, does require any sample. obtain accurate measurements, known, often case always correlate (e.g. highly hydrated materials) (Wu 2018) thus Explant Shape Analysis (ESA): ESA simple technique, allows tension (TST) ex vivo. interest dissected culture dish. Assuming behaves drop, driven TST resisted (Phillips Steinberg, 1978). adaptations explant fusion assay, axisymmetric drop analysis, centrifugation) widely blastula (Morita gastrula (Kalantarian Luu 2011; David organ structures 1969). powerful global scale measurements. allow measurements probe potential heterogeneity. results necessarily correspond vivo situation, display different than Ferrofluid oil Droplets (FDs): FDs inserted tissue, deformed generating dipole external directional magnetic field (Serwane Imaging droplet force, (viscosity, stress) small neighbourhood surrounding FD quantified, demonstrated somitic Mongera great cellular topology analysed same real-time systematic analysis relationship. bypassed inserting droplets extract larger-scale challenge ferrofluid concentrations, concentration determines tissue. Magnetic Beads (MBs): MBs performing tests beads and—typically tweezer—applying controlled moves monitoring extend movement quantified models (Savin MBs-based methodologies trophectoderm inner mouse blastocyst (Wang limb bud Zhu Young shear bulk blastoderm cellularization (Doubrovinski D'Angelo FDs, larger requires insertion multiple strong field, non-trivial approach when, tweezers. Micropipette Aspiration (MPA): MPA perform cells/tissues applying negative pressure, greater pressure sample, glass micropipette, inducing deformation/flow micropipette dependent deformation. During monitored, tension, (Guevorkian Guevorkian Maître, viscoelasticity (von Dassow Davidson, von 2011), chicken heart brain (Majkut 2013) (Petridou While successfully 2019), decoupling selectively aspirating fractions, technically demanding task. very fine mapping reveal heterogeneities Parallel Plate Compression (PPC): PPC, compressed fixed two plates, exerted onto plates compression. Typically, relaxation until compressive reaches equilibrium, calculate standard (Foty 1996; Forgacs PPC explanted 1998) (Schoetz 2013). ESA, provides information culture, differ data so far support permissive (Shook 2018; Duda Iyer undergo pronounced properties, modulating 2019) processes, migration cases, abrupt, resembling transitions loss gain rigidity; Glossary) Bi 2015, Park 2015), speculated represent mechanisms (Mongera ordered states occur points, against (order) changing conditions (disorder) (Hidalgo (Glossary). appearance active morphogenesis. opens directions based principle criticality—being close occur—which key step self-organization discuss characterization function will first introduce architecture features. regulating dynamics. Lastly, whether therein. Within features, shape, packing (Hagios 1998; Paluch 2009). Such informative usually categorized "fluid-like" "solid-like" states, cases "gas-like" state. transits gas state, deformability decreases. vitro experiments, parameters (control parameters, quantitatively characterize fine-tuning trigger (Angelini Merkel Manning, provide universal biological deciphering associated instrumental disease. example, collective germ layers relies regulated (Moore 1995; Barriga tumour growth, spreading metastasis were solid-to-fluid (Oswald following section, framework relates pattern. general, high density, symmetrical shapes persistent motion. Fluid-like contrast, low asymmetry random frequent rearrangements (Szabó Angelini Yang Finally, gas-like linked individual motility (Douezan specifically, statistical mechanics predict monolayers below confluency level (particulate matter) disordered/fluid-like 2A). increased monolayers, e.g. proliferation, crowded areas slows down, cohesion increases, layer acquires ordered/solid-like Sadati (confluent matter), layer: modelling dense self-propelled interacting particles predicts maturation strengthening cell–substrate induces monolayer (Garcia 2015) 2B). vertex models, determined combination stresses cortical confluent epithelial was predicted induce liquid-like (Bi Subsequent suggested geometry reliable mobility (Yang instance, asymmetric offer degrees freedom promote isotropic 2C). 2. Cellular developmentSchematic diagrams (blue boxes) (orange (A–C) representative examples (D–E). (large black arrowheads, left panel) attachment neighbours, characteristic down becomes coordinated (small right panel), fluid-to-solid reach described jamming weak (left large, mature (right panel). Changes phases solidification (for fluid-to-solid) fluidization solid-to-fluid) (without interstitial gaps) displaying diffusive (exemplary trajectories blue) consisting symmetric caged orange) density-independent Schematics gastrulation (˜19 hpf) neurulation (˜24 hpf). gastrulation, nuclear increase corresponds gradual AFM. apparent non-canonical Wnt blue (A). early (˜3 dome stage (˜4.3 blastula, many, long-lived gaps each (η). Until onset doming (˜4 hpf), centre detach leading reduction number, longevity (dashed box, eventually leads central doming, MPA. Non-canonical blocks margin (B). S

Language: Английский

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Insight into Mechanobiology: How Stem Cells Feel Mechanical Forces and Orchestrate Biological Functions

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 20(21), P. 5337 - 5337

Published: Oct. 26, 2019

The cross-talk between stem cells and their microenvironment has been shown to have a direct impact on cells’ decisions about proliferation, growth, migration, differentiation. It is well known that cells, tissues, organs, whole organisms change internal architecture composition in response external physical stimuli, thanks ability sense mechanical signals elicit selected biological functions. Likewise, play an active role governing the of microenvironment. Is now being documented that, this dynamic relationship, stemness identity cell functions are maintained. In work, we review current knowledge mechanobiology cells. We start with description theoretical basis mechanobiology, continue effects cues development, pathology, regenerative medicine, emphasize contribution field development ex-vivo modelling computational tools, which allow for evaluating forces biology.

Language: Английский

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