Mutations in SARS-CoV-2: Insights on structure, variants, vaccines, and biomedical interventions

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 157, P. 113977 - 113977

Published: Nov. 7, 2022

COVID-19 is a worldwide pandemic caused by SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Less than year after the emergence of Covid-19 pandemic, many vaccines have arrived on market with innovative technologies in field vaccinology. Based use messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding Spike SARS-Cov-2 protein or recombinant adenovirus vectors enabling gene to be introduced into our cells, these strategies make it possible envisage vaccination new light tools that are more scalable vaccine used so far. Faced appearance variants, which will gradually take precedence over strain at origin allow much faster update fight against some may escape neutralization antibodies. However, only policy based rapid and massive population but requiring supply sufficient doses could combat variants. Indeed, greater number infected individuals, virus multiplies, an increased risk variants viruses. This review discuss SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology evolution approaches altered transmission platforms emphasize different mutations how they influence characteristics. Also, this article summarizes common implication genetic variety biomedical arbitrations.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of COVID-19 On Comorbidities: A Review Of Recent Updates For Combating It

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(5), P. 3586 - 3599

Published: Feb. 10, 2022

Coronavirus disease is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The virus first appeared in Wuhan (China) December 2019 and has spread globally. Till now, it affected 269 million people with 5.3 deaths 224 countries territories. With emergence of variants like Omicron, COVID-19 cases grew exponentially, thousands deaths. general symptoms include fever, sore throat, cough, lung infections, and, severe cases, acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, death. predominantly affects lung, but can also affect other organs such as brain, heart, gastrointestinal system. It observed that 75 % hospitalized patients have at least one associated comorbidity. most common reported comorbidities are hypertension, NDs, diabetes, cancer, endothelial dysfunction, CVDs. Moreover, older pre-existing polypharmacy worsened complications. results hypercoagulability issues gangrene, stroke, pulmonary embolism, This review aims to provide latest information on impact CVDs, COPD, will help us understand current scenario comorbidities; thus, play an important role management decision-making efforts tackle

Language: Английский

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A Global Picture: Therapeutic Perspectives for COVID-19

Immunotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 351 - 371

Published: Feb. 21, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic is a lethal virus outbreak by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has severely affected human lives and the global economy. most vital part of research development therapeutic agents to design drug products manage efficiently. Numerous attempts have been in place determine optimal dose combination drugs treat disease on scale. This article documents information available SARS-CoV-2 its life cycle, will aid potential treatment options. A consolidated summary several natural repurposed depicted with current vaccine development. People high age, comorbity concomitant illnesses such as overweight, metabolic disorders, pulmonary disease, coronary heart renal failure, fatty liver neoplastic disorders are more prone create serious consequences. also presents an overview post-COVID-19 complications patients.

Language: Английский

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Risk Factors of Severe COVID-19: A Review of Host, Viral and Environmental Factors

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 175 - 175

Published: Jan. 7, 2023

The clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 are highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe disease death. Understanding the risk factors is relevant both in setting at epidemiological level. Here, we provide an overview host, viral environmental that have been shown or (in some cases) hypothesized be associated with outcomes. considered detail include age frailty, genetic polymorphisms, biological sex (and pregnancy), co- superinfections, non-communicable comorbidities, immunological history, microbiota, lifestyle patient; variation infecting dose; socioeconomic factors; air pollution. For each category, compile (sometimes conflicting) evidence for association factor outcomes (including strength effect) outline possible action mechanisms. We also discuss complex interactions between various factors.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19–associated mucormycosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 958 cases

Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(6), P. 722 - 731

Published: March 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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COVID‐19 and mucormycosis syndemic: double health threat to a collapsing healthcare system in India

Tropical Medicine & International Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 1016 - 1018

Published: June 12, 2021

Summary In addition to the overwhelming and uncontrollable second wave of COVID‐19 in India, country is also dealing with an outbreak mucormycosis, a deadly fungal infection, which affecting thousands patients. With increasing number cases mucormycosis fatality rate 50%, many Indian states union territories have declared epidemic black fungus due its unprecedented emergence, has adversely affected already debilitated health system country. The advent new overdosage, panic injudicious use corticosteroids among patients, as well their pre‐existing medical history diabetes, given that India diabetes capital world. Thus, there urgent need address this public concern by having nationwide surveillance, diagnostic management disease, along awareness education combat syndemic

Language: Английский

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Diabetes, COVID 19 and mucormycosis: Clinical spectrum and outcome in a tertiary care medical center in Western India

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 102196 - 102196

Published: July 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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COVID-19-associated mucormycosis: Case report and systematic review

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 44, P. 102148 - 102148

Published: Aug. 25, 2021

Language: Английский

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Bacterial and fungal ventilator associated pneumonia in critically ill COVID-19 patients during the second wave

Journal of Infection and Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 1375 - 1380

Published: Aug. 8, 2021

The pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused huge number patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) in a critical need mechanical ventilation. Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) been noticed as common complication these with unfavorable outcomes. current study aimed assess bacterial and fungal VAP COVID-19 ICUs during the second wave identify possible risk factors. Respiratory samples were collected from 197 critically ill under Bacterial superinfections diagnosed by microbiological cultures subsequent antimicrobial susceptibility testing isolates using available kits. All specimens 197/197 (100%) positive for infections, while elements detected 134/197 (68%) specimens. most frequently isolated bacteria pan drug resistant (PDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae (41.1%), followed multi (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii (27.4%). On other hand, Candida species represented fungi (75.4%) molds including Aspergillus (16.4%) Mucor (8.2%) species. Possible factors included underlying diabetes mellitus (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09−3.31; p = 0.02), chest CI 1.01−3.32; 0.05), hypothyroidism 1.01−4.78; longer duration ventilation (p < 0.001). Furthermore, all 134/134 who developed VAP, already treatment corticosteroids Tocilizumab. is serious problem pandemic. Urgent strategic steps keep it control are compulsory.

Language: Английский

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Diabetes Mellitus and COVID-19: Review Article

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 102268 - 102268

Published: Sept. 4, 2021

Language: Английский

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