Environmental Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
38(2), P. 392 - 402
Published: Nov. 9, 2022
A
large
amount
of
copper
(Cu)
used
in
production
activities
can
lead
to
the
enrichment
Cu
environment,
which
cause
toxicity
animals.
However,
mechanism
on
cerebrum
is
still
uncertain.
Hence,
a
total
240
chickens
were
separated
into
four
groups
this
study
reveal
potential
connection
between
mitophagy
and
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER)
stress-mediated
apoptosis
chicken
case
excess
exposure.
The
cu
exposure
situation
was
simulated
by
diets
containing
various
levels
(11
mg/kg,
control
group;
110
group
I;
220
II
330
III)
for
49
days.
results
histology
showed
that
vacuolar
degeneration
observed
treated
groups,
mitochondria
swell
autophagosomes
formation
found
under
treatment.
Additionally,
expression
(PINK1,
Parkin,
LC3I,
LC3II
p62)
ER
stress
(GRP78,
PERK,
ATF6,
IRE1α,
XBP1,
CHOP,
JNK)
indexes
significantly
upregulated
Furthermore,
mRNA
protein
Bcl-2
decreased,
while
Bak1,
Bax,
Caspase12,
Caspase3
increased
compared
group.
In
summary,
demonstrated
an
overdose
could
induce
cerebrum.
These
findings
revealed
important
damage,
provided
new
insight
neurotoxicity.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
70(4), P. 1293 - 1303
Published: Jan. 25, 2022
Copper
(Cu)
is
a
common
additive
in
food
products,
which
poses
potential
concern
to
animal
and
human
health
when
it
excess.
Here,
we
investigated
the
relationship
between
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER)
stress
pyroptosis
Cu-induced
toxicity
of
jejunum
vivo
vitro.
In
experiments,
excess
intake
dietary
Cu
caused
ER
cavity
expansion,
elevated
fluorescence
signals
GRP78
Caspase-1,
increased
mRNA
protein
expression
levels
related
pig
jejunal
epithelium.
Simultaneously,
similar
effects
were
observed
IPEC-J2
cells
under
treatment.
Importantly,
4-phenylbutyric
acid
(ER
inhibitor)
MKC-3946
(IRE1α
significantly
inhibited
stress-triggered
IRE1α-XBP1
pathway,
also
alleviated
cells.
general,
these
results
suggested
that
participated
regulating
epithelial
via
provided
novel
view
into
toxicology
Cu.
Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
71-72, P. 66 - 81
Published: June 1, 2023
Mechanistic
target
of
rapamycin
(mTOR),
a
highly
conserved
serine/threonine
kinase,
is
involved
in
cellular
metabolism,
protein
synthesis,
and
cell
death.
Programmed
death
(PCD)
assists
eliminating
aging,
damaged,
or
neoplastic
cells,
indispensable
for
sustaining
normal
growth,
fighting
pathogenic
microorganisms,
maintaining
body
homeostasis.
mTOR
has
crucial
functions
the
intricate
signaling
pathway
network
multiple
forms
PCD.
can
inhibit
autophagy,
which
part
PCD
regulation.
Cell
survival
affected
by
through
autophagy
to
control
reactive
oxygen
species
production
degradation
pertinent
proteins.
Additionally,
regulate
an
autophagy-independent
manner
affecting
expression
levels
related
genes
phosphorylating
Therefore,
acts
both
autophagy-dependent
-independent
pathways
It
conceivable
that
exerts
bidirectional
regulation
PCD,
such
as
ferroptosis,
according
complexity
networks,
but
underlying
mechanisms
have
not
been
fully
explained.
This
review
summarizes
recent
advances
understanding
mTOR-mediated
regulatory
Rigorous
investigations
into
PCD-related
provided
prospective
therapeutic
targets
may
be
clinically
beneficial
treating
various
diseases.
Molecules,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
28(4), P. 1561 - 1561
Published: Feb. 6, 2023
Astragalus
alcohol
soluble
polysaccharide
(AASP)
could
present
superior
water
solubility
and
antitumor
activity
with
high
concentration.
Selenium
nanoparticles
(SeNPs)
have
received
growing
attention
in
various
fields,
but
their
unstable
property
increases
the
application
difficulties.
In
study,
functionalized
nano-composites
(AASP−SeNPs)
were
synthesized
through
SeNPs
using
AASP
(average
molecular
weight
of
2.1
×
103
Da)
as
a
surface
modifier,
preliminary
structural
characteristics
inhibitory
mechanism
on
liver
cancer
(HepG2)
cells
investigated.
Results
showed
that
AASP−SeNPs
prepared
under
sodium
selenite/AASP
mass
ratio
1/20
(w/w)
uniformly
spherical
mean
grain
size
49.80
nm
exhibited
dispersivity
stability
solution.
Moreover,
composites
dose-dependently
inhibit
HepG2
cell
proliferation
induce
apoptosis
effectively
regulating
mitochondria-relevant
indicators
including
ΔΨm
depletion
stimulation,
intracellular
ROS
accumulation,
Bax/Bcl-2
improvement,
Cytochrome
c
liberation
promotion.
These
results
provide
scientific
references
for
future
applications
functional
food
drug
industries.
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
278, P. 116430 - 116430
Published: May 7, 2024
Copper
(Cu)
serves
as
an
essential
cofactor
in
all
organisms,
yet
excessive
Cu
exposure
is
widely
recognized
for
its
role
inducing
liver
inflammation.
However,
the
precise
mechanism
by
which
triggers
inflammation
ducks,
particularly
relation
to
interplay
gut
microbiota
regulation,
has
remained
elusive.
In
this
investigation,
we
sought
elucidate
impact
of
on
through
gut-liver
axis
ducks.
Our
findings
revealed
that
markedly
elevated
AST
and
ALT
levels
induced
upregulating
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
(IL-1β,
IL-6
TNF-α)
triggering
LPS/TLR4/NF-κB
signaling
pathway.
Simultaneously,
alterations
composition
intestinal
flora
communities,
notably
increasing
relative
abundance
Sphingobacterium,
Campylobacter,
Acinetobacter
reducing
Lactobacillus.
significantly
decreased
protein
expression
related
barrier
(Occludin,
Claudin-1
ZO-1)
promoted
secretion
cytokines.
Furthermore,
correlation
analysis
was
observed
microbiome
were
closely
Fecal
transplantation
(FMT)
experiments
further
demonstrated
microbiota-depleted
ducks
transplanting
fecal
samples
from
Cu-exposed
disturbed
dysfunction,
lead
impaire
function
activate
study
provided
insights
into
regulation
axis.
These
results
enhanced
our
comprehension
potential
mechanisms
driving
Cu-induced
hepatotoxicity
avian
species.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
70(23), P. 6943 - 6962
Published: June 6, 2022
The
extensive
use
of
high-concentration
copper
(Cu)
in
feed
additives,
fertilizers,
pesticides,
and
nanoparticles
(NPs)
inevitably
causes
significant
pollution
the
ecological
environment.
This
type
chain
begins
with
animal
husbandry:
first,
Cu
accumulation
animals
poisons
them;
second,
high
enters
soil
water
sources
feces
urine
to
cause
toxicity,
which
may
further
lead
crop
plant
pollution;
third,
this
process
ultimately
endangers
human
health
through
consumption
livestock
products,
aquatic
foods,
plants,
even
drinking
water.
High
potentially
alters
antibiotic
resistance
aggravates
disease
risks.
Thus,
it
is
necessary
formulate
reasonable
emission
regulations
because
benefits
for
plants
cannot
be
ignored.
present
review
evaluates
potential
hazards
livestock,
environment,
industry,
health.
We
also
discuss
aspects
related
bacterial
fungal
homeostasis
perspectives
on
application
Cu–NPs
microbial
high-Cu
removal
technology
reduce
spread
toxicity
risks
humans.