Biocontrol Science and Technology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
33(11), P. 1065 - 1084
Published: Nov. 1, 2023
Trichogramma
spp.
have
been
used
or
proposed
for
use
in
biological
control
programmes
of
lepidopteran
pests,
including
the
European
corn
borer,
Ostrinia
nubilalis,
cotton
bollworm,
Helicoverpa
armigera,
and
spruce
budworm,
Choristoneura
fumiferana.
Releases
are
typically
made
by
placing
cards
with
parasitised
eggs
at
set
points
field.
However,
this
method
can
be
cost-prohibitive
due
to
its
laborious
nature.
As
a
result,
labour-saving
mechanised
release
developed,
distribution
spray
equipment.
few
investigated
applying
standard
pesticide
application
(i.e.
'tank
mix').
first
step
ascertain
feasibility
such
system,
we
observed
effect
immersion
T.
ostriniae
pupae
field-relevant
concentrations
eight
herbicides
(bentazon,
clethodim,
fomesafen,
quizalofop,
Glacial
acetic
acid,
glyphosate,
imazamox,
imazethapyr),
three
fungicides
(Copper
Hydroxide,
flutriafol,
penthiopyrad),
one
insecticide
(K+
salt
fatty
acid),
five
adjuvants
(Ammonium
Sulfate,
Crop
Oil
Concentrate,
Methylated
seed
oil,
Non-ionic
surfactant,
Urea-Ammonium
Nitrate)
on
emergence
adults.
The
GAA
clethodim;
copper
hydroxide,
penthiopyrad;
COC,
MSO,
NIS
all
reduced
compared
water
control.
No
was
exposure
GAA,
K+
acid
treatments.
Other
treatments
did
not
affect
water.
Thus,
deploying
may
feasible
that
warrants
further
investigation.
Insects,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16(3), P. 297 - 297
Published: March 12, 2025
In
China,
the
Asian
corn
borer
(ACB),
Ostrinia
furnacalis
(Guenee)
(Lepidoptera:
Pyralidae),
is
most
significant
economic
insect
pest
of
corn,
causing
losses
ranging
from
six
to
nine
million
tons
annually
by
feeding
on
all
parts
maize,
including
damaging
ears
and
leaves
making
tunnels
in
stems.
since
1970s,
Trichogramma
species
have
extensively
mass-reared
factitious
hosts
control
ACB
support
integrated
management
programs.
The
dendrolimi
Matsumura
T.
ostriniae
Pang
Chen
are
efficient
biocontrol
agents
for
controlling
among
available
species.
To
evaluate
reproductive
success
ostriniae,
we
assessed
impact
varying
parasitoid
ratios
(5:1,
3:1,
1:1,
1:3,
1:5
representing
respectively)
adult
offspring
emergence
mortality
eggs
over
multiple
generations
(from
first
(F1)
third
(F3)
generations).
We
discovered
that
both
species’
was
significantly
influenced
generations,
ratios,
their
interactions.
affected
but
not
or
interaction
between
ratios.
Furthermore,
at
5:1,
rate
F1
generation
higher
compared
1:3
1:5.
However,
F2
generation,
decreased
considerably,
no
observed
F3
generation.
A
contrasting
trend
offspring.
Overall,
regardless
three
than
dendrolimi.
After
assessing
our
research
dissecting
unhatched
eggs,
found
an
inverse
relationship
across
different
Notably,
exhibited
a
decline
with
increasing
number
generations.
positive
correlation
indicating
increased
successive
considerably
greater
These
results
suggest
crucial
empirical
measure
validates
ostriniae’s
superiority
findings
highlight
importance
selecting
suitable
when
implementing
management.
Insect Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 16, 2025
Abstract
Spodoptera
frugiperda
(Lepidoptera:
Noctuidae)
is
a
serious
invasive
pest,
which
has
attracted
concern
regarding
the
effectiveness
of
environmental
bioinsecticide
as
substitution
for
synthetic
insecticide
in
controlling
its
damage
to
numerous
agricultural
crops
recent
years.
Hence,
laboratory
and
field
experiments
have
investigated
insecticidal
toxicity
S.
by
5
insecticides
determined
activity
acetylcholinesterase
(AChE)
detoxifying
enzymes,
namely
mixed
function
oxidase
(MFO),
carboxylesterase
(CarE),
glutathione
S‐transferase
(GST)
on
3rd
instar
larvae
at
25%
lethal
concentration
(LC
25
)
explore
detoxification
mechanisms.
The
results
showed
that
most
effective
were
3.0%
emamectin
benzoate
(0.024
mg/L),
60
g/L
spinetoram
(0.282
1.3%
matrine
(0.380
mg/L)
48
h
depending
LC
50
values.
efficiencies
over
80%
24
90%
72
h,
indicating
both
had
acute
long‐lasting
;
extended‐release
with
efficiency
h.
Emamectin
activated
activities
AChE,
MFO
GST,
decreased
CarE
activity;
cyantraniliprole
induced
an
increase
4
enzymes;
spinosad
increased
MFO,
but
not
GST.
Furthermore,
inhibiting
effect
AChE
acceleration
Overall
obviously
depicted
semi‐synthetic
recommended
control
toxicity.
Moreover,
this
study
will
provide
basic
information
sustainable
under
conditions
China.
Microorganisms,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(8), P. 1885 - 1885
Published: July 26, 2023
Walnut
is
a
significant
economic
tree
species
worldwide.
anthracnose,
caused
by
the
pathogen
Colletotrichum
gloeosporioides,
greatly
reduces
walnut
production
and
benefits.
Our
study
showed
that
Bacillus
velezensis
effectively
halted
growth
of
C.
inducing
noticeable
abnormalities
such
as
hyphal
breakage
distortion,
thereby
curtailing
pathogen’s
virulence.
A
50–100
times
dilution
B.
fermentation
broth,
applied
every
two
to
three
days,
served
an
efficient
protective
layer
for
leaves
fruits
against
gloeosporioides
infection.
Transcriptomic
analysis
unveiled
its
dynamic
response
gloeosporioides.
On
second
day,
upregulated
number
differentially
expressed
genes
related
synthesis
metabolic
products,
amino
acid
biosynthesis,
motility.
fourth
continuous
products
acids,
along
with
differential
expression
spore-related
genes,
was
observed.
By
sixth
focus
shifted
towards
environmental
adaptation
carbon
source
utilization.
Throughout
process,
likely
employed
strategies
release
increased
chemotaxis,
nutrient
competition
exert
antagonistic
effect
on
Fluorescence
quantitative
results
15
primer
pairs
were
up-regulated
down-regulated,
100%
similarity
rate
transcriptome
sequencing
results,
confirming
their
authenticity.
These
findings
provided
foundation
widespread
application
biocontrol
agent
in
agriculture
forestry.
Insects,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(12), P. 907 - 907
Published: Nov. 24, 2023
Risk
assessments
of
chemical
pesticides
toward
natural
enemies
are
crucial
for
ensuring
sustainable
grapevine-integrated
pest
management.
In
this
context,
laboratory
experiments
were
conducted
to
evaluate
the
toxicity
four
insecticides
(lambda-cyhalothrin,
flupyradifurone,
acetamiprid,
and
cyantraniliprole)
one
fungicide
(spiroxamine)
commonly
applied
in
German
(European)
vineyards
on
pupae
adults
both
Anagyrus
vladimiri,
a
parasitoid
vine
mealybug
Planococcus
ficus,
Trichogramma
evanescens,
European
grapevine
moth,
Lobesia
botrana.
The
tested
did
not
significantly
affect
development
pupal
stage
inside
mummies
or
emergence
A.
vladimiri.
spiroxamine
resulted
highest
mortality
percentages
all
emerged
vladimiri
parasitoids
at
8
10
days
after
treatment
compared
with
either
lambda-cyhalothrin
cyantraniliprole.
However,
pesticides,
except
diamide
insecticide
cyantraniliprole,
affected
T.
evanescens.
evanescens
following
application
flupyradifurone
higher
than
those
observed
acetamiprid
treatment.
Regarding
direct
contact
toxicity,
(100%)
adult
obtained
treatments,
while
lowest
lambda-cyhalothrin,
untreated
control
treatments.
According
IOBC
classes
classified
as
harmful,
cyantraniliprole
slightly
harmful
adults.
As
such,
had
significant
impact
survival
exposed
resulting
found
Therefore,
applying
and/or
should
be
avoided
when
naturally
present
released
grapes.
insights
gained
from
these
two
easy-to-rear
species
allow
analogous
conclusions
drawn
closely
related
belonging
family
Encyrtidae
Trichogrammatidae,
which
easy
rear.
Interestingly,
using
safer
could
compatible
species,
sustainably
exploited
conservation
augmentative
biological
vineyards.
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
172(10), P. 894 - 901
Published: June 10, 2024
Abstract
The
predatory
bug
Cyrtorhinus
lividipennis
Reuter
(Hemiptera:
Miridae)
is
an
important
biological
control
agent
for
planthoppers,
such
as
Nilaparvata
lugens
(Stål)
Delphacidae),
and
leafhoppers
in
rice
fields
(
Oryza
sativa
L.,
Poaceae).
In
this
study,
the
sublethal
effects
of
azoxystrobin
difenoconazole,
two
fungicides
extensively
used
production,
on
were
investigated.
results
indicated
that
exposure
to
at
third
instar
had
no
influence
developmental
duration,
but
difenoconazole
resulted
a
25.2%
decrease
lifespan
adult
males.
When
exposed
newly
emerged
adults,
caused
33.5%
female
longevity.
pre‐oviposition
period
azoxystrobin‐treated
females
mating
with
males
was
shortened
by
44.9%,
compared
control,
whereas
difenoconazole‐treated
lengthened
32.2%
group.
However,
effect
fecundity
egg
hatchability.
Furthermore,
did
not
impact
average
consumption
C.
N.
individuals.
They
stimulate
response
plants
infested
two‐choice
H‐shaped
olfactometer
test.
Also,
capacity
increased
after
decreased
fungicides.
Overall,
our
pose
notable
risk
.
These
findings
establish
foundation
rational
coordinated
utilization
agents
ecosystems.
