Pesticides impacts on human health and the environment with their mechanisms of action and possible countermeasures

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(7), P. e29128 - e29128

Published: April 1, 2024

Pesticides are chemical constituents used to prevent or control pests, including insects, rodents, fungi, weeds, and other unwanted organisms. Despite their advantages in crop production disease management, the use of pesticides poses significant hazards environment public health. Pesticide elements have now perpetually entered our atmosphere subsequently contaminated water, food, soil, leading health threats ranging from acute chronic toxicities. can cause toxicity if a high dose is inhaled, ingested, comes into contact with skin eyes, while prolonged recurrent exposure leads toxicity. produce different types toxicity, for instance, neurotoxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, endocrine disruption. The pesticide formulation may depend on specific active ingredient presence synergistic inert compounds that enhance modify its Safety concerns need hour contemporary pesticide-induced hazards. effectiveness implementation current legislature providing ample protection human key concerns. This review explored comprehensive summary regarding updated impacts advanced safety legislation. Implementing regulations, proper training, education help mitigate negative promote safer more sustainable agricultural practices.

Language: Английский

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Combined Neurotoxic Effects of Commercial Formulations of Pyrethroid (Deltamethrin) and Neonicotinoid (Imidacloprid) Pesticides on Adult Zebrafish (Danio rerio): Behavioral, Molecular, and Histopathological Analysis

Life, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 538 - 538

Published: March 25, 2025

The use of different commercial products that involve one or multiple active substances with specific targeted-pests control has become a widespread practice. Because this, severe range significant consequences been often reported. Among the most used pesticides worldwide are deltamethrin (DM) and imidacloprid (IMI). With significative effect on insect’s nervous system, DM acts voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve cell membranes, while IMI mimics acetylcholine neurotransmitter by binding irreversibly to nicotinic receptors. This study investigates neurotoxic effects sub-chronic exposure formulations (IMI) adult zebrafish, both individually combination. this contain additional ingredients commonly found pesticide products, which may contribute overall toxicity. Fish were exposed environmentally relevant concentrations these for 21 days, Behavioral, molecular, histopathological analyses conducted assess impact pesticides. Zebrafish exhibited dose-dependent behavioral alterations, particularly combined groups, including increased erratic swimming anxiety-like behavior. Gene expression analysis revealed changes neurotrophic factors (BDNF, NGF, ntf-3, ntf-4/5, ntf-6/7) their receptors (ntrk1, ntrk2a, ntrk2b, ntrk3a, ntrk3b, ngfra, ngfrb), indicating potential effects. Histopathological examination confirmed neuronal degeneration, gliosis, vacuolization, more impairments observed mixture treatments. These findings highlight aquatic environments emphasize need stricter regulations mixtures further research interactions. Our combination could trigger synergistic maximizing toxicity each compound. Thus, it is well-known practice pyrethroids neonicotinoids be together agriculture. Even so, its prevalence agriculture investigate actual human health, biodiversity, ecosystem mitigates development new strategies assessing risk and, at same time, enhancing effectiveness.

Language: Английский

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Aptamer-based biosensors for the detection of neonicotinoid insecticides in environmental samples: A systematic review

Talanta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 275, P. 126190 - 126190

Published: April 30, 2024

Neonicotinoids, sometimes abbreviated as neonics, represent a class of neuro-active insecticides with chemical similarities to nicotine. Neonicotinoids are the most widely adopted group globally since their discovery in late 1980s. Their physiochemical properties surpass those previously established insecticides, contributing popularity various sectors such agriculture and wood treatment. The environmental impact neonicotinoids, often overlooked, underscores urgency develop tools for detection understanding behavior. Conventional methods pesticide have limitations. Chromatographic techniques sensitive but expensive, generate waste, require complex sample preparation. Bioassays lack specificity accuracy, making them suitable preliminary tests conjunction instrumental methods. Aptamer-based biosensor is recognized an advantageous tool neonicotinoids due its rapid response, user-friendly nature, cost-effectiveness, suitability on-site detection. This comprehensive review represents inaugural in-depth analysis advancements aptamer-based biosensors targeting imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, acetamiprid, thiacloprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran. Additionally, offers valuable insights into critical challenges requiring prompt attention successful transition from research practical field applications.

Language: Английский

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Modulation of Dopamine, Serotonin, and Behavior by Lutein Carrier Nanoparticles in a Drosophila melanogaster Model of Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Chemico-Biological Interactions, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 111500 - 111500

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Levels of acetylcholinesterase and DNA damage in children exposed to organophosphate pesticides in Tanjung Karang, Selangor, Malaysia

International Journal of Environmental Health Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 12

Published: April 16, 2025

This study aims to determine the levels of acetylcholinesterase in blood and DNA damage children exposed organophosphate pesticides Tanjung Karang, Selangor, Malaysia. The level was analysed using a Cholinesterase Test Kit. A comet assay applied on cheek wall, where liberated from head assay. There significant difference (p = <0.001) between control groups. also correlation length tail group 0.028) combined groups < 0.001). distance children's houses paddy field ranged less than 100 m more 1,000 m, showed relationship with micronucleus frequency Cycling frequency. home school, completion primary having father who worked as farmer were significantly associated exhibit lower an increase length, indicating heightened damage.

Language: Английский

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Exploring Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis Biomarkers Linked to Autism Spectrum Disorder in Prenatally Chlorpyrifos-Exposed Fmr1 Knock-Out and Wild-Type Male Rats

Toxicology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 506, P. 153871 - 153871

Published: June 24, 2024

Fmr1 (fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1)-knockout (KO) rats, modeling the human Fragile Syndrome (FXS), are of particular interest for exploring ASD-like phenotype in preclinical studies. Gestational exposure to chlorpyrifos (CPF) has been associated with ASD diagnosis humans and behaviors rodents linked microbiota-gut-brain axis. In this study, we have used both Fmr1-KO wild-type male rats (F2 generation) at postnatal days (PND) 7 40 obtained after F1 pregnant females were randomly exposed 1 mg/kg/mL/day CPF or vehicle. A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics approach together gene expression profiles these F2 generation employed analyze different brain regions (such as prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum), whole large intestine (at PND7) gut content (PND40). The statistical comparison each matrix spectral profile unveiled tissue-specific metabolic fingerprints. Significant variations some biomarker levels detected among tissues genotypes, including taurine, myo-inositol, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, induced distinct alterations, particularly serine myo-inositol. Additionally, study provides a set metabolites gastrointestinal dysfunction ASD, encompassing several amino acids, choline-derived compounds, bile sterol molecules. terms expression, genotype gestational had only minimal effects on decarboxylase 2 (gad2) cholinergic receptor muscarinic (chrm2) genes.

Language: Английский

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Deficits in olfactory system neurogenesis in neurodevelopmental disorders

genesis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 62(2)

Published: March 15, 2024

The role of neurogenesis in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) merits much attention. complex process by which stem cells produce daughter that turn differentiate into neurons, migrate various distances, and form synaptic connections are then refined neuronal activity or experience is integral to the development nervous system. Given continued postnatal occurs mammalian olfactory system, it provides an ideal model for understanding how disruptions distinct stages contribute pathophysiology NDDs. This review summarizes discusses what currently known about disruption within system as pertains attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum Down syndrome, Fragile X Rett syndrome. Studies included this used either human subjects, mouse models, Drosophila lay a compelling foundation investigation NDDs utilizing

Language: Английский

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Is Autism a PIN1 Deficiency Syndrome? A Proposed Etiological Role for Glyphosate

Authorea (Authorea), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 28, 2024

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose prevalence has increased dramatically in the United States over past two decades.It characterized by stereotyped behaviors and impairments social interaction communication.In this paper, we present evidence that autism can be viewed as PIN1 deficiency syndrome.PIN1 (Peptidylprolyl Cis/Trans Isomerase, NIMA-Interacting 1) peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase, it widespread influences biological organisms.Broadly speaking, linked to many neurodegenerative diseases, whereas overexpression cancer.Death associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) strongly inhibits PIN1, hormone melatonin DAPK1.Melatonin autism.It recently been shown glyphosate exposure rats synthesis due glutamate release from glial cells expression of metabotropic receptors.Glyphosate's inhibition leads reduction availability neurons.In show explain unique morphological features autism, including dendritic spine density, missing or thin corpus callosum reduced bone density.We how disrupts functioning powerful high level signaling molecules, such nuclear factor erythroid 2-related 2 (NRF2) p53.Dysregulation both these proteins autism.Severe depletion glutathione brain resulting chronic oxidative stressors extracellular oxidation cysteine residue inactivating further contributing deficiency.Impaired autophagy sensitivity neurons ferroptosis.Finally, consider potential toxic effects mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines light metabolic defects propose children with would especially sensitive damage vaccines.

Language: Английский

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Echinops Asteraceae extract guards against malathion-induced liver damage via minimizing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.

Toxicon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 244, P. 107750 - 107750

Published: May 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Is autism a PIN1 deficiency syndrome? A proposed etiological role for glyphosate

Journal of Neurochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 29, 2024

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder, the prevalence of which has increased dramatically in United States over past two decades. It characterized by stereotyped behaviors and impairments social interaction communication. In this paper, we present evidence that autism can be viewed as PIN1 deficiency syndrome. Peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-Interacting 1 (PIN1) peptidyl-prolyl it widespread influences biological organisms. Broadly speaking, linked to many neurodegenerative diseases, whereas over-expression cancer. Death-associated protein kinase (DAPK1) strongly inhibits PIN1, hormone melatonin DAPK1. Melatonin autism. recently been shown glyphosate exposure rats synthesis result glutamate release from glial cells expression metabotropic receptors. Glyphosate's inhibition leads reduction availability neurons. show explain unique morphological features autism, including dendritic spine density, missing or thin corpus callosum, reduced bone density. We how disrupts functioning powerful high-level signaling molecules, such nuclear factor erythroid 2-related 2 (NRF2) p53. Dysregulation both these proteins Severe depletion glutathione brain resulting chronic oxidative stressors extracellular oxidation cysteine residue inactivating further contributing deficiency. Impaired autophagy sensitivity neurons ferroptosis. imperative research conducted experimentally validate whether mechanisms described here take place response ultimately

Language: Английский

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