Contribution of semen to early embryo development: fertilization and beyond

Human Reproduction Update, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 395 - 433

Published: March 7, 2023

Abstract BACKGROUND It has long been thought that the factors affecting embryo and foetal development were exclusively maternally derived; hence, if issues regarding fertility to arise, blame traditionally placed solely on mother. An escalating interest in how paternal influence development, however, begun prove otherwise. Evidence suggests both seminal plasma (SP) sperm contribute multiple shape embryogenesis. This review thus focuses role semen driving early embryonic describes factors, such as SP, centriole, proteins, RNA, DNA, its integrity, together with epigenetics, may female reproductive tract post-fertilization events. The important contributions of highlight imperative need for further research this area, which is sure bring forth breakthroughs leading improvements infertility diagnosis ART well reducing risk miscarriage. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE provides a comprehensive overview human embryo, aim providing better understanding SP divisions, gene protein expression, miscarriage, congenital diseases. SEARCH METHODS PubMed searches performed using terms ‘sperm structure’, ‘capacitation’, ‘acrosome reaction’, ‘fertilization’, ‘oocyte activation’, ‘PLCζ’, ‘PAWP’, ‘sperm-borne oocyte activation factor’, deficiency’, centriole’, transport’, mitochondria’, ‘seminal plasma’, epigenetics’, histone modifications’, DNA methylation’, ‘sperm-derived transcripts’, proteins’, fragmentation’, mRNA’, miRNAs’, piRNAs’, aneuploidy’. reviewed articles restricted those published English between 1980 2022. OUTCOMES data suggest male-derived much more than just male haploid genome embryo. indicates contributes help fate These include from RNA integrity. In addition, epigenetic changes have an impact tract, fertilization, stages development. For example, recent proteomic transcriptomic studies identified several sperm-borne markers play roles fertilization WIDER IMPLICATIONS highlights are required work tandem counterparts allow correct A deeper shuttled over cell can shed light improve andrological perspective. Further aid preventing passing genetic abnormalities origin, decreasing incidence factor infertility. exact mechanisms contribution assist scientists IVF clinicians determining new causes recurrent miscarriage or failure.

Language: Английский

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The Renaissance of Male Infertility Management in the Golden Age of Andrology

The World Journal of Men s Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 41(2), P. 237 - 237

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Infertility affects nearly 186 million people worldwide and the male partner is cause in about half of cases. Meta-regression data indicate an unexplained decline sperm concentration total count over last four decades, with increasing prevalence infertility. This suggests urgent need to implement further basic clinical research Andrology. Andrology developed as a branch urology, gynecology, endocrinology, and, dermatology. The first scientific journal devoted andrological sciences was founded 1969. Since then, despite great advancements, andrology has encountered several obstacles its growth. In fact, for cultural reasons, often been neglected diagnostic therapeutic workup infertile couple. Furthermore, development assisted reproductive techniques (ART) driven strong impression that this biotechnology can overcome all forms infertility, common belief having spermatozoon from (a sort donor) needed achieve pregnancy. However, practice shown quality gamete important successful ART outcome. safety questioned because high comorbidities offspring conceptions compared spontaneous conceptions. These issues have paved way more greater understanding mechanisms spermatogenesis Consequently, numerous discoveries made field andrology, ranging genetics "omics" technologies, oxidative stress DNA fragmentation, sixth edition WHO manual, artificial intelligence, management azoospermia, fertility cancers survivors, testis, 3D printing, gene engineering, stem cells therapy spermatogenesis, reconstructive microsurgery seminal microbiome. Nevertheless, many cases infertility remain idiopathic, studies are required improve males. A multidisciplinary strategy involving both clinicians scientists basic, translational, core principle will allow limits reach goals. state-of-the-art article aims present historical review particularly, "Middle Ages" "Renaissance", golden age andrology.

Language: Английский

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Spermatozoa centriole quality determined by FRAC may correlate with zygote nucleoli polarization—a pilot study

Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Spermatozoa centriolar defects can result in abnormal zygote functions. Recently, a method to quantify spermatozoa was developed named Fluorescence-Based Ratiometric Analysis of Sperm Centrioles (FRAC). However, whether identified by FRAC functions not tested. Here, we quantified using FRAC, and centriole function assessed imaging Nucleolus Precursor Body (NPB) polarization which based on the pattern NPB polarization. Data analyzed at couple embryo levels. Subjects were divided into two groups: seven couples 62 embryos with normal centrioles versus eight 78 (140 from 15 total). Patterned statistically significant both couple- embryo-level analyses (p < 0.0001 p = 0.0024). These results suggest that may correlate centrosome via scoring. This study provides foundation for more extensive studies test FRAC's utility assessing quality.

Language: Английский

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Paternal Effects in Mammalian Reproduction: Functional, Environmental, and Clinical Relevance of Sperm Components in Early Embryos and Beyond

Molecular Reproduction and Development, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 92(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT In addition to widely recognized contributions of the paternal genome, centriole, and oocyte‐activation factors, sperm deliver a wide range macromolecules fertilized embryo. The impacts these factors on embryo, progeny, even subsequent generations have become increasingly apparent, along with an understanding extensive potential for male health environmental exposures exert both immediate long‐term mammalian reproduction. Available data reveal that interact regulate actions oocyte as well exerting additional direct effects early This review provides summary nature mechanisms in embryos, susceptibility components diverse approaches mitigate adverse such exposures.

Language: Английский

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The definition of unexplained infertility: A systematic review

BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 131(7), P. 880 - 897

Published: Nov. 13, 2023

Abstract Background There is no consensus on tests required to either diagnose unexplained infertility or use for research inclusion criteria. This leads heterogeneity and bias affecting meta‐analysis best practice advice. Objectives systematic review analyses the variability of criteria applied couples with infertility. We propose standardised both in future studies clinical diagnosis. Search strategy CINAHL MEDLINE online databases were searched up November 2022 all published recruiting infertility, available full text English language. Data collection analysis collected an Excel spreadsheet. Results analysed per category methodology reference range. Main results Of 375 relevant studies, only 258 defined their The most commonly semen analysis, tubal patency assessment ovulation 220 (85%), 232 (90%), 205 (79.5%) respectively. Only 87/220 (39.5%) reporting used World Health Organization (WHO) limits. Tubal was accepted if bilateral 145/232 (62.5%) unilateral 24/232 (10.3%). Ovulation assessed using mid‐luteal serum progesterone 115/205 (56.1%) by a history regular cycles 87/205 (42.4%). Other criteria, including uterine cavity hormone profile, less than 50% included studies. Conclusions highlights among studied populations Development application internationally will improve quality care.

Language: Английский

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N‐glycolylneuraminic acid in red meat and processed meat is a health concern: A review on the formation, health risk, and reduction

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(2)

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Abstract One of the most consistent epidemiological associations between diet and human disease risk is impact consuming red meat processed products. In recent years, health concerns surrounding have gained worldwide attention. The fact that humans lost ability to synthesize N ‐glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) makes products important source exogenous Neu5Gc for humans. As our research has increased, it been discovered in a key factor many major diseases. Given objective evidence harmful caused by health, there need heightened attention field food. This updated review several aspects given including biosynthetic pathway its accumulation body, distribution food, methods detecting Neu5Gc, importantly, systematic existing reducing content meat. It also provides some insights into current status future directions this area.

Language: Английский

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Focus on centrin in normal and altered human spermatozoa

Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 69(3), P. 175 - 187

Published: March 9, 2023

This review provides details on the role of centrin in human spermatozoa and various forms male infertility. Centrin is a calcium (Ca2+)-binding phosphoprotein that located centrioles – which are typical structures sperm connecting piece play key centrosome dynamics during morphogenesis as well zygotes early embryos spindle assembly. In humans, three different genes encoding isoforms have been discovered. 1, only one expressed spermatozoa, seems to be lost inside oocyte after fertilization. The characterized by presence numerous proteins including centrin, deserves particular attention because, it enriched maturation centrioles. normal sperm, 1 visible two distinct spots head–tail junction; however, some defective distribution altered. has studied humans animal models. Its mutations may lead several structural alterations, such serious defects connective and, subsequently, fertilization failure or incomplete embryonic development. However, effects these abnormalities fertility not fully studied. Because function appears important for reproductive success, additional studies needed bring medical benefits resolving cases idiopathic

Language: Английский

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CP110 and CEP135 localize near the proximal and distal centrioles of cattle and human spermatozoa.

PubMed, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2023

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Centrosomes play an important role in the microtubule organization of a cell. The sperm's specialized centrosome consists canonical barrel-shaped proximal centriole, funnel-shaped distal and pericentriolar material known as striated columns (or segmented columns). Here, we examined localization centriole proteins CEP135 CP110 cattle human spermatozoa. In centrioles, is tip protein that controls cilia formation, while structural essential for constructing centriole. contrast, found antibodies recognizing label near centrioles at expected location capitulum humans antibody species-specific way. These findings provide pathway to understanding unique functions spermatozoan centrosome.

Language: Английский

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Effects of sperm processing techniques on IVF pregnancy rates: a mini-review

Therapeutic Advances in Reproductive Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Many factors associated with assisted reproductive technologies significantly influence the success of pregnancy after in vitro fertilization (IVF) either directly or indirectly. These include sperm processing techniques, egg retrieval, intrauterine artificial insemination, intracytoplasmic injection, and embryo transfer. Among these technologies, quality is one most critical for a successful IVF pregnancy. The method used plays crucial role determining sperm. Several widely sorting such as conventional swim-up, density gradient centrifugation, magnetic activated cell sorting, hyaluronic acid, have been extensively compared various studies. Previous studies shown that each causes varying degrees damage, particularly motility, concentration, morphological features, viability, DNA integrity. However, techniques developed slowly, impact methods on rates still unclear. Further exploration needed. In this review, we aim to compare results different concerning rates. We will also discuss possible clinical approaches, microfluidics integrated testing improving quality.

Language: Английский

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Tubulin posttranslational modifications modify the atypical spermatozoon centriole.

PubMed, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2022

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Sperm cells are transcriptionally and translationally silent. Therefore, they may use one of the remaining mechanisms to respond stimuli in their environment, post-translational modification proteins. Here we examined three modifications, acetylation, glutamylation, glycylation protein tubulin human cattle sperm. Tubulin is monomer that makes up microtubules, microtubules constitute core component both sperm centrioles axoneme. We found species were labeled by antibodies against acetylated glutamylated tubulin.

Language: Английский

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