Hydrological
regime
and
nutrient
dynamics
are
associated
with
hydrological
setting
of
any
watershed.
Human
interventions
have
direct
indirect
impacts
on
these
hydrologic
watershed
response.
The
increasing
anthropogenic
pressure
has
continued
to
degrade
the
water
quality.
This
may
lead
eutrophication
that
can
seriously
harm
quality
aquatic
ecosystems
(Vitousek
1997).
Earth s Future,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(4)
Published: April 1, 2024
Abstract
The
water
resources
of
the
Third
Pole
(TP),
highly
sensitive
to
climate
change
and
glacier
melting,
significantly
impact
food
security
millions
in
Asia.
However,
projecting
future
spatial‐temporal
runoff
changes
for
TP's
mountainous
basins
remains
a
formidable
challenge.
Here,
we've
leveraged
long
short‐term
memory
model
(LSTM)
craft
grid‐scale
artificial
intelligence
(AI)
named
LSTM‐grid.
This
has
enabled
production
hydrological
projections
seven
major
river
TP.
LSTM‐grid
integrates
monthly
precipitation,
air
temperature,
total
mass
(total_GMC)
data
at
0.25‐degree
grid.
Training
employed
gridded
historical
evapotranspiration
sets
generated
by
an
observation‐constrained
cryosphere‐hydrology
headwaters
TP
during
2000–2017.
Our
results
demonstrate
LSTM
grid's
effectiveness
usefulness,
exhibiting
Nash‐Sutcliffe
Efficiency
coefficient
exceeding
0.92
verification
periods
(2013–2017).
Moreover,
monsoon
region
exhibited
higher
rate
increase
compared
those
westerlies
region.
Intra‐annual
indicated
notable
increases
spring
runoff,
especially
where
meltwater
contributes
runoff.
Additionally,
aptly
captures
before
after
turning
points
highlighting
growing
influence
precipitation
on
reaching
maximum
total_GMC.
Therefore,
offers
fresh
perspective
understanding
spatiotemporal
distribution
high‐mountain
glacial
regions
tapping
into
AI's
potential
drive
scientific
discovery
provide
reliable
data.
Journal of Water and Climate Change,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(2), P. 832 - 848
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Abstract
The
present
study
analyzes
the
capability
of
convolutional
neural
network
(CNN),
long
short-term
memory
(LSTM),
CNN-LSTM,
fuzzy
CNN,
LSTM,
and
CNN-LSTM
to
mimic
streamflow
for
Lower
Godavari
Basin,
India.
Kling–Gupta
efficiency
(KGE)
was
used
evaluate
these
algorithms.
Fuzzy-based
deep
learning
algorithms
have
shown
significant
improvement
over
classical
ones,
among
which
is
best.
Thus,
it
further
considered
projections
in
a
climate
change
context
four-time
horizons
using
four
shared
socioeconomic
pathways
(SSPs).
Average
2041–2060,
2061–2080,
2081–2090
are
compared
that
2021–2040
changed
by
+3.59,
+7.90,
+12.36%
SSP126;
+3.62,
+8.28,
+12.96%
SSP245;
+0.65,
−0.01,
−0.02%
SSP370;
+0.02,
+0.71,
+0.06%
SSP585.
In
addition,
two
non-parametric
tests,
namely,
Mann–Kendall
Pettitt
were
conducted
ascertain
trend
point
projected
streamflow.
Results
indicate
provides
more
precise
prediction
than
others.
identified
variations
across
different
SSPs
facilitate
valuable
insights
policymakers
relevant
stakeholders.
It
also
paves
way
adaptive
decision-making.
PLOS Water,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
4(4), P. e0000359 - e0000359
Published: April 21, 2025
Streamflow
plays
a
vital
role
in
water
resource
management
and
environmental
impact
assessment.
This
study
is
novel
application
of
the
Long
Short-Term
Memory
(LSTM)
model,
type
recurrent
neural
network,
for
real-time
streamflow
prediction
Upper
Humber
River
Watershed
western
Newfoundland.
It
also
compares
performance
LSTM
model
with
physically
based
SWAT
model.
The
was
optimized
by
tuning
hyperparameters
adjusting
window
size
to
balance
capturing
historical
data
ensuring
stability.
Using
single
input
variables
such
as
daily
average
temperature
or
precipitation,
achieved
high
Nash-Sutcliffe
Efficiency
(NSE)
0.95.
In
comparison,
results
show
that
delivers
more
competitive
performance,
achieving
an
NSE
0.95
versus
SWAT’s
0.77,
percent
bias
(PBIAS)
0.62
compared
8.26.
Unlike
SWAT,
does
not
overestimate
flows
excels
predicting
low
flows.
Additionally,
successfully
predicted
using
data.
Despite
challenges
interpretability
generalizability,
demonstrated
strong
particularly
during
extreme
events,
making
it
valuable
tool
cold
climates
where
accurate
forecasts
are
crucial
effective
management.
highlights
potential
model’s
Scientific Data,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
12(1)
Published: April 29, 2025
Due
to
scarcity
of
data
and
complex
hydrological
conditions
in
the
Tianshan
region,
long-term
complete
streamflow
are
lacking.
This
study
produced
a
multi-basin
dataset,
named
watershed
(TSWS)
by
comparing
results
Hydrologiska
Byråns
Vattenavdelning
Long
Short-Term
Memory
models,
analyzed
spatiotemporal
variation
streamflow.TSWS
dataset
provides
daily
for
56
watersheds
monthly
89
Mountains
1901-2019.
The
simulations
40
(daily
scale)
70
(monthly
passed
S-tests
(Nash-Sutcliffe
efficiency
≥0.5,
percent
bias
≤25%,
ratio
root-mean-square
error
standard
deviation
measured
≤0.7).
showed
an
overall
increasing
trend
streamflow,
especially
from
1990
2019;
spatially,
it
higher
west
south,
lower
east
north.
first
comprehensive
simulation
its
long
time
series
will
provide
important
reference
climatic
studies.
Water,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(9), P. 1375 - 1375
Published: May 2, 2025
The
mid-
and
long-term
hydrological
forecast
is
important
for
water
resource
management
disaster
prevention.
Moreover,
forecasts
in
the
region
with
poorly
observed
field
meteorological
data
are
a
great
challenge
traditional
models
due
to
complexity
of
processes.
To
address
this
challenge,
machine
learning
model,
particularly
deep
model
(DL),
provides
new
tool
improving
accuracy
runoff
prediction.
In
study,
we
took
Irtysh
River,
one
longest
rivers
Central
Asia
well-known
trans-boundary
river
basin
poor
observations,
as
an
example
develop
based
on
LSTM
combined
decomposition
by
Maximal
Overlap
Discrete
Wavelet
Transform
(MODWT)
process
target
variables
predicting
monthly
streamflow.
We
also
proposed
XGBoost-SHAP
(Extreme
Gradient
Boost-SHapley
Additive
Explanations)
method
identification
predictors
from
large-scale
indices
streamflow
forecast.
results
suggest
that
MODWT
shows
robustness
between
training
test
period.
better
performance
than
benchmark
without
illustrated
increased
NSE.
well
identified
nonlinear
relationship
streamflow,
determined
can
be
physically
explained.
Compared
mutual
information
method,
improves
study
illustrate
ability
forecast,
methods
developed
provide
effective
approach
improve
prediction
scarcely
catchments.
Ecological Informatics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
82, P. 102755 - 102755
Published: Aug. 3, 2024
Streamflow
simulation
is
crucial
for
flood
mitigation,
ecological
protection,
and
water
resource
planning.
Process-based
hydrological
models
machine
learning
algorithms
are
the
mainstream
tools
streamflow
simulation.
However,
their
inherent
limitations,
such
as
time-consuming
large
data
requirements,
make
achieving
high-precision
simulations
challenging.
This
study
developed
a
hybrid
approach
to
simultaneously
improve
accuracy
computational
efficiency
of
simulation,
which
integrates
Block-wise
use
TOPMODEL
(BTOP)
model
into
eXtreme
Gradient
Boosting
(XGBoost),
i.e.,
BTOP_XGB.
In
this
approach,
BTOP
generates
simulated
using
Latin
hypercube
sampling
algorithm
instead
calibration
reduce
costs.
Then,
XGBoost
combines
with
multi-source
errors.
which,
serval
input
variable
selection
employed
choose
relevant
inputs
remove
redundant
information
model.
The
validated
compared
standalone
at
three
stations
in
Jialing
River
basin,
China.
results
show
that
performance
BTOP_XGB
significantly
better
than
models.
NSE
Beibei,
Xiaoheba,
Luoduxi
increases
by
54%,
21%,
83%,
respectively.
Meanwhile,
time
saved
>90%
original
calibrated
BTOP.
less
affected
parameter
sample
sizes
amounts,
demonstrating
robustness
simplifies
complexity
enhances
stability
learning,
jointly
improving
reliability
provides
potential
shortcut
over
basins
areas
or
limited
observed
data.
Water,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(19), P. 2805 - 2805
Published: Oct. 2, 2024
This
study
introduces
a
time-lag-informed
Random
Forest
(RF)
framework
for
streamflow
time-series
prediction
across
diverse
catchments
and
compares
its
results
against
SWAT
predictions.
We
found
strong
evidence
of
RF’s
better
performance
by
adding
historical
flows
time-lags
meteorological
values
over
using
only
actual
values.
On
daily
scale,
RF
demonstrated
robust
(Nash–Sutcliffe
efficiency
[NSE]
>
0.5),
whereas
generally
yielded
unsatisfactory
(NSE
<
0.5)
tended
to
overestimate
up
27%
(PBIAS).
However,
provided
monthly
predictions,
particularly
in
with
irregular
flow
patterns.
Although
both
models
faced
challenges
predicting
peak
snow-influenced
catchments,
outperformed
an
arid
catchment.
also
exhibited
notable
advantage
terms
computational
efficiency.
Overall,
is
good
choice
predictions
limited
data,
preferable
understanding
hydrological
processes
depth.
Water,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(23), P. 4194 - 4194
Published: Dec. 4, 2023
The
general
practice
of
rainfall-runoff
model
development
towards
physically
based
and
spatially
explicit
representations
hydrological
processes
is
data-intensive
computationally
expensive.
Physically
models
such
as
the
Soil
Water
Assessment
tool
(SWAT)
demand
spatio-temporal
data
expert
knowledge.
Also,
difficulty
complexity
compounded
in
smaller
watershed
due
to
constraint
models’
inability
generalize
hydrologic
processes.
Data-driven
can
bridge
this
gap
with
their
mathematical
formulation.
Long
Short-Term
Memory
(LSTM)
a
data-driven
Recurrent
Neural
Network
(RNN)
architecture,
which
better
suited
solve
time
series
problems.
Studies
have
shown
that
LSTM
competitive
performance
hydrology
studies.
In
study,
comparative
analysis
SWAT
Cork
Brook
shows
results
from
were
flow
prediction
NSE
0.6
against
0.63,
respectively,
given
limited
availability
data.
do
not
overestimate
high
flows
like
SWAT.
However,
both
these
struggle
low
values
estimation.
Although
interpretability,
explainability,
use
across
different
datasets
or
events
outside
training
may
be
challenging,
are
robust
efficient.