How
a
terrorist
attack
(TA)
as
an
extreme
shock
affects
the
energy
efficiency
of
attacked
country
has
been
controversial.
This
study
investigates
relationship
between
TAs
and
intensity
(EI)
based
on
generalized
method
moments
(GMM)
estimation
utilizing
cross-country
panel
data
68
countries
from
1970
to
2016.
The
findings
reveal
generally
negative
effect
TA
EI.
Subsample
regression
results
further
suggest
that
magnitude
this
impact
varies
depending
political
party
orientation
(left-wing
vs.
right-wing)
Organisation
for
Economic
Co-operation
Development
(OECD)
status
country.
Our
analysis
also
identifies
EI
is
primarily
driven
by
implementation
policies
(EEPs)
rise
in
prices
(EPs)
following
attack.
Additionally,
we
find
more
efficient
government
institutions
can
positively
moderate
adverse
contributes
literature
highlighting
complex
dynamics
security
shocks
efficiency,
with
important
policy
implications
enhancing
resilience
through
institutional
management
strategies.
How
a
terrorist
attack
(TA)
as
an
extreme
shock
affects
the
energy
efficiency
of
attacked
country
has
been
controversial.
This
study
investigates
relationship
between
TAs
and
intensity
(EI)
based
on
generalized
method
moments
(GMM)
estimation
utilizing
cross-country
panel
data
68
countries
from
1970
to
2016.
The
findings
reveal
generally
negative
effect
TA
EI.
Subsample
regression
results
further
suggest
that
magnitude
this
impact
varies
depending
political
party
orientation
(left-wing
vs.
right-wing)
Organisation
for
Economic
Co-operation
Development
(OECD)
status
country.
Our
analysis
also
identifies
EI
is
primarily
driven
by
implementation
policies
(EEPs)
rise
in
prices
(EPs)
following
attack.
Additionally,
we
find
more
efficient
government
institutions
can
positively
moderate
adverse
contributes
literature
highlighting
complex
dynamics
security
shocks
efficiency,
with
important
policy
implications
enhancing
resilience
through
institutional
management
strategies.
