Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(5), P. 69 - 69
Published: Sept. 21, 2023
This
article
is
aimed
at
designing
an
inventive
compact-size
quad-port
antenna
that
can
be
operated
within
terahertz
(THz)
frequency
spectra
for
a
6G
high-speed
wireless
communication
link.
The
single-element
comprises
lotus-petal-like
radiating
patch
and
defected
ground
structure
(DGS)
on
20
×
2
µm3
polyamide
substrate
designed
to
operate
the
8.96–13.5
THz
range.
deployed
two-port
MIMO
configuration
having
size
of
46
with
interelement
separation
less
than
quarter-wavelength
0.18λ
(λ
9
THz).
operates
in
9–13.25
range,
better
−25
dB
isolation.
Further,
mirrored
vertically
0.5λ
form
four-port
configuration.
proposed
has
dimensions
range
9–13
THz.
Isolation
improvement
realized
by
incorporating
parasitic
elements
onto
plane.
Performance
analysis
terms
diversity
parameters,
viz.,
envelope
correlation
coefficient
(ECC)
<
0.05,
gain
(DG)
≈
10,
mean
effective
(MEG)
−3
dB,
total
active
reflection
(TARC)
−10
channel
capacity
loss
(CCL)
0.3
bps/Hz,
multiplexing
efficiency
(ME)
0
performed
justify
appropriateness
applications.
virtuous
radiation
properties
good
gain,
which
crucial
any
system,
especially
network.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 15, 2025
Abstract
Carbon
nanotubes
(CNTs)
produced
by
the
floating‐catalyst
chemical
vapor
deposition
(FCCVD)
method
are
among
most
promising
nanomaterials
of
today,
attracting
interest
from
both
academic
and
industrial
sectors.
These
CNTs
exhibit
exceptional
electrical
conductivity,
optical
properties,
mechanical
resilience
due
to
their
binder‐free
low‐defect
structure,
while
FCCVD
enables
continuous
scalable
synthesis.
Among
methodological
variations,
aerosol
CVD’
is
distinguished
its
production
freestanding
thin
films
comprising
macroscale
CNT
networks,
which
superior
performance
practical
applicability.
This
review
elucidates
complex
interrelations
between
CVD
reactor
synthesis
conditions
resulting
properties
CNTs.
A
unified
approach
connecting
all
stages
process
proposed
as
a
comprehensive
guide.
examines
correlations
structural
parameters
(length
diameter)
resultant
film
(conductivity,
optical,
characteristics)
establish
framework
for
optimizing
The
analysis
encompasses
characterization
methodologies
specific
CVD‐synthesized
evaluates
how
influence
applications
across
diverse
domains,
energy
devices
optoelectronics.
concludes
addressing
current
challenges
prospects
in
this
field.
Abstract
Boasting
superior
flexibility
in
beam
manipulation
and
a
simpler
framework
than
traditional
phased
arrays,
terahertz
metasurface-based
arrays
show
great
promise
for
5G-A/6G
communication
networks.
Compared
with
the
reflective
reconfigurable
intelligent
surface
(reflective
RIS),
transmissive
RIS
(TRIS)
offers
more
feasibility
transceiver
multiplexing
systems
to
meet
growing
demand
high-performance
tracking
radar
systems.
However,
TRIS
encounters
greater
challenges
phase
shift,
efficiency,
complex
circuitry.
Here,
we
propose
sub-terahertz
based
on
shift
via
Pancharatnam-Berry
(PB)
metasurface
self-on-off
keying
(OOK)
modulation
Schottky
diodes.
The
electrically
unit
cell
consists
of
column-wise
resonator
rectangular
slot.
An
experimental
retrieved
equivalent
lumped-element
circuit
model
is
implemented
joint
field-circuit
simulations
validated
by
experiments.
A
fabricated
prototype
demonstrates
excellent
performance
minimum
insertion
loss
2.8
dB
operational
states,
large
bandwidth
nearly
covering
entire
W-band
1-bit
deep
OOK
amplitude
12
dB,
wide
scanning
range
±60°
low
specular
transmission.
We
further
implement
an
integrated
platform
combining
high-speed
steering
spatial-light
modulation,
verifying
point-to-point
signal
transmissions
different
directions
using
platform.
proposed
cost-effective
fabrication
makes
it
promising
solution
minimalist
systems,
radar,
satellite
physica status solidi (b),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 9, 2025
Herein,
titanium
(Ti)
thin
films
deposited
by
a
vacuum
ion
coating
technique
under
high
pressure
of
10
−5
mbar
are
designed
to
perform
as
optical
filters
operatives
in
the
terahertz
frequency
domain.
The
performance
these
amorphous
is
controlled
varying
filter
thickness
range
100–500
nm.
Increasing
decreases
transmittance,
absorption
coefficient,
conductivity
(
σ
),
cutoff
f
T
drift
mobility,
and
free
carrier
concentration.
thickness‐based
bulk
limit
≈300
On
other
hand,
increase
results
an
dielectric
constant.
Drude–Lorentz
analyses
on
have
shown
domination
four
oscillators
with
oscillator
frequencies
1016,
859,
508,
317
THz.
These
guarantee
good
response
Ti
excitations
infrared,
visible,
UV
spectral
domains.
Based
thickness,
extremely
wide
extending
from
≈3.8
1248
THz
can
be
achieved.
tunability
makes
them
promising
for
applications.
IEEE Access,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12, P. 23782 - 23797
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
One
significant
aspect
of
5G
networks
involves
expanding
radio
access
into
the
millimeter-wave
spectrum.
However,
demand
for
higher
throughput
from
emerging
services
necessitates
utilisation
Terahertz
(THz)
This
transition
introduces
interdisciplinary
challenges
to
wireless
communication
stacks,
influencing
network
modelling
and
deployment,
with
Artificial
Intelligence
(AI)
playing
a
key
role.
The
THz
spectrum
Federated
Learning
(FL)
represent
new
concepts
gaining
traction
in
6G
paradigm
as
advanced
AI.
FL
is
decentralised
approach,
emphasizing
data
confidentiality
security
within
networks.
spectrum,
between
0.1
10
THz,
crucial
ultra-broadband
systems
beyond
5G,
offering
high
rates
through
wide
bandwidth.
Broadband
using
waves
over
short
distances
fixed
links
holds
promise,
functioning
optical
bridges
or
alternatives
challenging
environments.
300
900
GHz
range
potential
due
its
bandwidth
expected
commercial
circuits,
making
it
valuable
high-speed
video
transmission.
While
lower-frequency
signals
travel
longer
penetrate
buildings,
millimetre
have
limited
penetration
free-space
path
loss
molecules
water
droplets.
Despite
these
challenges,
technology
can
densely
pack
links,
maximizing
usage
enhancing
transmission
security.
article
briefly
overviews
communication,
discussing
applications
future
directions.
It
conducts
comprehensive
analysis,
comparing
microwave
mm-wave
spectra
terms
propagation,
weather
effects,
link
budget
calculations.
suitability
evaluated,
particularly
1
km
distances,
an
emphasis
on
specific
requirements.
investigates
properties
estimates
achievable
while
maintaining
generality
simplified
assumptions
equations.
We
propose
leveraging
largely
untapped
frequency
band
enhance
communication.
In
healthcare
sector,
we
introduce
FL,
relying
backhaul
infrastructure
THz-based
Virtual
Private
Network
(VPN).
Hospitals
are
identified
designated
end-users
who
employ
private
service
providers'
privacy
efficiency.
establishes
foundation
utilizing
backhaul,
VPN,
introducing
novel
architecture
support
secure
cross-silo
focusing
improvement.
