Indoor Air Pollution, Related Human Diseases, and Recent Trends in the Control and Improvement of Indoor Air Quality

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 2927 - 2927

Published: April 23, 2020

Indoor air pollution (IAP) is a serious threat to human health, causing millions of deaths each year. A plethora pollutants can result in IAP; therefore, it very important identify their main sources and concentrations devise strategies for the control enhancement indoor quality (IAQ). Herein, we provide critical review evaluation major pollutant emissions, health effects, issues related IAP-based illnesses, including sick building syndrome (SBS) building-related illness (BRI). In addition, approaches reduction are pointed out, recent trends efforts resolve improve IAQ, with respective advantages potentials, summarized. It predicted that development novel materials sensors, IAQ-monitoring systems, smart homes promising strategy IAQ future.

Language: Английский

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Beyond PM2.5: The role of ultrafine particles on adverse health effects of air pollution

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 1860(12), P. 2844 - 2855

Published: March 16, 2016

Language: Английский

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A review of current knowledge concerning PM<sub>2. 5</sub> chemical composition, aerosol optical properties and their relationships across China

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 17(15), P. 9485 - 9518

Published: Aug. 8, 2017

Abstract. To obtain a thorough knowledge of PM2. 5 chemical composition and its impact on aerosol optical properties across China, existing field studies conducted after the year 2000 are reviewed summarized in terms geographical, interannual seasonal distributions. Annual was up to 6 times National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) some megacities northern China. higher than southern cities, inland coastal cities. In few cities with data longer decade, showed slight decrease only second half past while carbonaceous aerosols decreased, sulfate (SO42−) ammonium (NH4+) remained at high levels, nitrate (NO3−) increased. The highest averages major components were typically observed cold seasons. average contributions secondary inorganic ranged from 25 48 %, those 23 47 both regions due frequent dust events Source apportionment analysis identified aerosols, coal combustion traffic emission as top three source factors contributing mass most Chinese sum these explained 44 82 % annual Biomass industrial ship other factors, each which contributed 7–27 applicable geographical pattern scattering coefficient (bsp) similar that 5, absorption (bap) determined by elemental carbon (EC) concentration coating. bsp ambient condition relative humidity (RH) = 80 can be amplified about 1.8 under dry conditions. Secondary accounted for 60 extinction (bext) RH greater 70 %. efficiency (MSE) 3.0 5.0 m2 g−1 produced anthropogenic emissions 0.7 1.0 natural aerosols. (MAE) EC 6.5 12.4 urban environments, but MAE water-soluble organic 0.05 0.11 g−1. Historical control policies China their effectiveness discussed based available chemically resolved data, provides much needed guiding future policies.

Language: Английский

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Abrupt but smaller than expected changes in surface air quality attributable to COVID-19 lockdowns

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(3)

Published: Jan. 13, 2021

True air quality improvements during the COVID-19 lockdowns in global cities are more limited than we thought.

Language: Английский

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The characteristics and drivers of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) distribution in China

Journal of Cleaner Production, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 142, P. 1800 - 1809

Published: Nov. 18, 2016

Language: Английский

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Children environmental exposure to particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and biomonitoring in school environments: A review on indoor and outdoor exposure levels, major sources and health impacts

Environment International, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 124, P. 180 - 204

Published: Jan. 14, 2019

Children, an important vulnerable group, spend most of their time at schools (up to 10 h per day, mostly indoors) and the respective air quality may significantly impact on children health. Thus, this work reviews published studies biomonitoring environmental exposure particulate matter (PM) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) school microenvironments (indoors outdoors), major sources potential health risks. A total 28, 35, 31% reported levels that exceeded international outdoor ambient guidelines for PM10, PM2.5, benzo(a)pyrene, respectively. Indoor concentrations PM10 European schools, characterized continent, ranged between 7.5 229 μg/m3 21–166 μg/m3, respectively; PM2.5 varied 4 100 indoors 6.1–115 outdoors. Despite scarce information in some geographical regions (America, Oceania Africa), collected data clearly show Asian are exposed highest PM PAHs environments, which were associated with increased carcinogenic risks values urinary monohydroxyl PAH metabolites (PAH biomarkers exposure). Additionally, attending polluted urban industrial areas higher comparison from rural areas. Strong evidences demonstrated associations several outcomes, including risk asthma, pulmonary infections, skin diseases, allergies. Nevertheless, there is a scientific gap include characterization fine fraction (particulate gas phases) indoor environments children. There clear need improve establish limits these environments.

Language: Английский

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Assessment of PM2.5 sources and their corresponding level of uncertainty in a coastal urban area using EPA PMF 5.0 enhanced diagnostics

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 574, P. 155 - 164

Published: Oct. 14, 2016

Language: Английский

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Examining the effects of socioeconomic development on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in China's cities using spatial regression and the geographical detector technique

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 619-620, P. 436 - 445

Published: Nov. 29, 2017

Language: Английский

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Chemical characterization and source identification of PM<sub>2.5</sub> at multiple sites in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, China

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 17(21), P. 12941 - 12962

Published: Nov. 3, 2017

Abstract. The simultaneous observation and analysis of atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5) on a regional scale is an important approach to develop control strategies for haze pollution. In this study, samples filtered PM2.5 were collected simultaneously at three urban sites (Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang) background site (Xinglong) in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region from June 2014 April 2015. four was mainly comprised organic matter, secondary inorganic ions, mineral dust. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) demonstrated that, annual basis, aerosol largest source region, accounting 29.2–40.5 % mass sites; second-largest motor vehicle exhaust, particularly Beijing (24.9 %), whereas coal combustion also large Tianjin (12.4 %) Shijiazhuang (15.5 with particular dominance winter. Secondary plays vital role process, exception spring which dust crucial. addition transformations, local direct emissions (coal exhaust) significantly contribute winter sites. Moreover, aggravation pollution, OC ∕ EC ratio decreased considerably nitrate-rich increased during all seasons Beijing, both indicate that severe episodes Beijing. To assess impacts transport PMF results further processed backward-trajectory cluster analysis, revealing pollution usually occurred when air masses originating polluted industrial regions south prevailed characterized by high loadings considerable contributions aerosols. This study suggests mitigate BTH should focus reduction gaseous precursor fossil fuel (motor Hebei, nearby provinces).

Language: Английский

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Impact of PM2.5 in indoor urban environments: A review

Sustainable Cities and Society, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 42, P. 259 - 275

Published: July 29, 2018

Language: Английский

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