Association of sitting time with cardiovascular events among manual and non-manual workers: a prospective cohort study (PURE-China)

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Prolonged sitting time is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population. However, it unclear how these risks differ across occupational groups. This study aimed to investigate association between and CVD manual non-manual workers among Chinese adults. population-based cohort recruited 47,931 participants aged 35 70 years from 115 communities 12 provinces China 2005 2009. Daily was measured using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The main outcome a major event (defined as death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or heart failure). Information on each participant's occupation collected standardized questionnaires categorized into occupations according Italian National Institute Statistics 2001 (ISTAT-2001) classification standard. Cox frailty models were used examine associations. Of 43,256 final sample (excluding those at baseline missing data), 25,252 (58.4%) women, mean (± SD, Standard Deviation) age 50.6 ± 9.5 years. During median follow-up 11.9 (IQR, Interquartile Range: 9.5–12.6) years, 3,408 events (899 infarctions, 2,400 strokes, 240 incident failure, 764 deaths) documented. Compared reference group (< 4 h per day sitting), positively increasing (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.05–1.37 for 6–8 day; HR, 1.43; 1.12–1.82 ≥ 8 day), while greater reporting daily times more than 1.86; 1.18–2.95). Similar trends observed when mortality incidence analysed separately. Longer both groups, especially high workers. Our findings highlight importance including measures reduce sedentary behaviour within comprehensive strategy burden China.

Language: Английский

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Long working hours and risk of 50 health conditions and mortality outcomes: a multicohort study in four European countries

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 100212 - 100212

Published: Sept. 6, 2021

Studies on the association between long working hours and health have captured only a narrow range of outcomes (mainly cardiometabolic diseases depression) no outcome-wide studies this topic are available. To achieve wider scope potential harm, we examined as risk factor for wide disease mortality endpoints. The data multicohort study were from two population cohorts Finland (primary analysis, n=59 599) nine (replication n=44 262) Sweden, Denmark, UK, all part Individual-participant Meta-analysis in Working Populations (IPD-Work) consortium. Baseline-assessed (≥55 per week) compared to standard (35-40 h). Outcome measures with follow-up until age 65 years 46 that required hospital treatment or continuous pharmacotherapy, all-cause, three cause-specific endpoints, ascertained via linkage national registers. 2747 (4·6%) participants primary 3027 (6·8%) replication worked hours. After adjustment age, sex, socioeconomic status, was associated increased cardiovascular death (hazard ratio 1·68; 95% confidence interval 1·08-2·61 analysis 1·52; 0·90-2·58 analysis), infections (1·37; 1·13-1·67 1·45; 1·13-1·87), diabetes (1·18; 1·01-1·38 1·41; 0·98-2·02), injuries (1·22; 1·00-1·50 1·18; 0·98-1·18) musculoskeletal disorders (1·15; 1·06-1·26 1·13; 1·00-1·27). not all-cause mortality. Follow-up 50 four European countries suggests is an elevated early hospital-treated before 65. Associations, albeit weak, also observed diabetes, injuries. In these related overall NordForsk, Medical Research Council, National Institute Aging, Wellcome Trust, Academy Finland, Finnish Work Environment Fund.

Language: Английский

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Global, regional and national burden of disease attributable to 19 selected occupational risk factors for 183 countries, 2000–2016: A systematic analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury

Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 48(2), P. 158 - 168

Published: Nov. 22, 2021

Objectives We provide a brief introduction to the objectives, data, methods and results of World Health Organization (WHO)/International Labor (ILO) Joint Estimates Work-related Burden Disease Injury (WHO/ILO Estimates), which estimated burden attributable 19 selected occupational risk factors. Methods The WHO/ILO were produced within global Comparative Risk Assessment framework, attributes one specific health outcome (ie, disease/injury) factor. For 39 established factor-health pairs, estimates are using population fractions (PAF) from recent disease estimates. two additional PAF calculated new databases exposure ratios in systematic reviews. Attributable burdens by applying total burdens. Results Globally 2016, it is that 1.88 [95% uncertainty range (UR) 1.84–1.92] million deaths 89.72 (95% UR 88.61–90.83) disability-adjusted life years factors their outcomes. A disproportionately large work-related observed WHO African Region (for years), South-East Asia Region, Western Pacific deaths), males older age groups. Conclusions can be used for monitoring identify, plan, cost, implement evaluate policies, programs actions prevent associated burden.

Language: Английский

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Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1-Based Therapies in Ischemic Stroke: An Update Based on Preclinical Research

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 15, 2022

The public and social health burdens of ischemic stroke have been increasing worldwide. Hyperglycemia leads to a greater risk stroke. This increased is commonly seen among patients with diabetes in connection worsened clinical conditions higher mortality acute (AIS). Therapy for focuses mainly on restoring cerebral blood flow (CBF) ameliorating neurological impairment caused by Although choices treatment remain limited, much advance achieved assisting recovering from stroke, along progress recanalization therapy through pharmacological mechanical thrombolysis. However, it still necessary develop neuroprotective therapies AIS protect the brain against injury before during reperfusion, prolong time window intervention, consequently improve prognosis. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are broadly regarded as effective drugs type 2 mellitus (T2DM). Preclinical data GLP-1 RAs displayed an impressive efficacy Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's (AD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), other neurodegenerative diseases. Based preclinical studies past decade, we review recent biological roles Emphasis will be placed their effects experimental models ischemia at cellular molecular levels.

Language: Английский

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Work addiction, work engagement, job burnout, and perceived stress: A network analysis

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 29, 2023

Introduction Recently, the network theory of mental disorders has been used to conceptualize work addiction as a dynamic system symptoms in direct relationships. This study aimed extend previous by investigating relationships with dimensions engagement, job burnout, and perceived stress. Methods These phenomena were measured Bergen Work Addiction Scale, Utrecht Engagement Maslach Burnout Inventory–General Survey, Perceived Stress Scale. The sample comprised 676 working Poles mean age 36.12 years (SD = 11.23). analysis followed guidelines for estimating psychological networks from cross-sectional data. Results engagement burnout more closely associated each other than which supports notion that represent polar opposites same construct is separate phenomenon, related both via specific pathways. connected through four relationships: (1) mood modification—absorption, (2) modification—stress, (3) withdrawal—absorption, (4) problems—exhaustion. Discussion findings narrow down specify hypotheses regarding potential mechanisms leading burnout. possible focus on absorption component modification efforts focused alleviating chronic stress negative emotional states. In turn, problems arising may lead exhaustion. Future studies these detail enable proper prevention programs therapeutic interventions.

Language: Английский

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New global indicator for workers’ health: mortality rate from diseases attributable to selected occupational risk factors

Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 101(06), P. 418 - 430

Published: June 1, 2023

Through sustainable development goals 3 and 8 other policies, countries have committed to protect promote workers' health by reducing the work-related burden of disease. To monitor progress on these commitments, indicators that capture disease should be available for monitoring development. The World Health Organization International Labour estimate only 363 283 (19%) 1 879 890 deaths globally in 2016 were due injuries, whereas 516 607 (81%) diseases. Most systems focusing or development, such as global indicator framework goals, include an occupational injuries. Few systems, however, address this gap, we present a new indicator: mortality rate from diseases attributable selected risk factors, disease, factor, sex age group. We outline policy rationale indicator, describe its data sources methods calculation, report analyse official 183 countries. also provide examples use national highlight indicator's strengths limitations. conclude integrating into will more comprehensive accurate surveillance health, allow harmonization across global, regional systems. Inequalities can analysed evidence base improved towards effective health.Par le biais des objectifs de développement durable et ainsi que d'autres mesures, plusieurs pays se sont engagés à protéger promouvoir la santé travailleurs en réduisant l'impact maladies liées au travail. Mais pour évaluer leurs progrès matière, il convient mettre place indicateurs estimant travail afin placer sous surveillance. D'après l'Organisation mondiale Santé internationale du Travail, seulement décès liés dans monde découlaient blessures, tandis d'entre eux étaient causés par maladies. La plupart systèmes qui s'intéressent ou durable, comme cadre mondial d'indicateurs les comportent un indicateur relatif accidents Cependant, rares ceux possèdent concernant professionnelles. Pour combler cette lacune, nous dévoilons nouvel mondial: taux mortalité dû aux attribuables certains facteurs risque professionnels classé maladie, facteur risque, sexe catégorie d'âge. Nous exposons motif politique l'indicateur, décrivons l'origine données méthodes calcul, communiquons analysons l'indicateur officiel pays. fournissons également exemples façon dont peut être utilisé nationaux soulignons ses forces faiblesses. concluons affirmant l'intégration ce offrira suivi plus complet précis ouvrira voie une harmonisation mondiaux, régionaux. Il est possible d'analyser inégalités matière d'en améliorer bases factuelles d'établir politiques efficaces domaine.A través los objetivos desarrollo sostenible y otras políticas, países han comprometido proteger promover salud trabajadores reduciendo carga morbilidad relacionada con el trabajo. Para supervisar avances cumplimiento estos compromisos, debería disponerse indicadores reflejen trabajo, fin controlar sostenible. Organización Mundial Salud Internacional del Trabajo estiman solo las muertes relacionadas trabajo nivel mundial debieron lesiones, mientras enfermedades. mayoría sistemas vigilancia centrados o sostenible, como marco mundiales para incluyen indicador sobre lesiones laborales. No obstante, pocos cuentan enfermedades subsanar esta carencia, presentamos nuevo mundial: tasa mortalidad por atribuibles factores riesgo laborales seleccionados, enfermedad, factor riesgo, sexo grupo edad. Describimos justificación política indicador, describimos sus fuentes datos métodos cálculo, e informamos analizamos oficial países. También proporcionamos ejemplos uso nacionales destacamos ventajas limitaciones indicador. Concluimos integración proporcionará una más exhaustiva precisa trabajadores, permitirá armonización entre mundiales, regionales nacionales. Se podrán analizar desigualdades podrá mejorar evidencias lograr políticas eficaces materia trabajadores.من خلال هدفي التنمية المستدامة و8، والسياسات الأخرى، التزمت الدول بحماية وتعزيز صحة العمال عن طريق الحد من عبء المرض المرتبط بالعمل. لمراقبة التقدم الذي تم تحقيقه في هذه الالتزامات، يجب أن تكون المؤشرات، التي ترصد بالعمل، متاحة لرصد والتنمية المستدامة. تقدر كل منظمة الصحة العالمية، ومنظمة العمل الدولية، 363283 (%19) فقط إجمالي 18879890 حالات الوفاة، مرتبطة بالعمل على مستوى العالم عام 2016، كانت بسبب الإصابات، حين 1516607 (%81) الوفاة الأمراض. معظم أنظمة المراقبة تركز أو المستدامة، مثل إطار عمل المؤشر العالمي لأهداف تتضمن مؤشرًا الإصابات المهنية. ومع ذلك، فإن القليل الأنظمة لديها مؤشر الأمراض المرتبطة للتعامل مع الفجوة، نحن نقدم عالميًا جديدًا: معدل الوفيات الناجمة عوامل خطر مهنية محددة، حسب المرض، وعامل الخطر، والجنس، والفئة العمرية. نحدد الأساس المنطقي لسياسة المؤشر، ونصف مصادر بياناته وطرق حسابه، ونعلن عن، ونحلل الرسمي لـ دولة. أيضًا أمثلة لاستخدام مراقبة الوطنية، ونركز نقاط القوة والقيود الخاصة بالمؤشر. نستنتج دمج الجديد سيوفر أكثر شمولاً ودقة لصحة العمال، ويسمح بالتنسيق عبر العالمية والإقليمية والوطنية. يمكن تحليل التفاوت ويمكن تحسين قاعدة الأدلة نحو تحقيق سياسة وأنظمة فعالية بالنسبة العمال.通过可持续发展目标 和 以及其他政策，各国承诺通过减少与工作相关的疾病负担来保护和促进工人健康。为了监测这些承诺的进展情况，应当提供反映与工作相关的疾病负担的指标，以用于监测工人的健康和可持续发展。据世界卫生组织和国际劳工组织估计，2016 年全球 1,879,890 例与工作相关的死亡中，只有 363,283 例 是因工伤死亡，而1,516,607 是死于疾病。大多数关注工人健康或可持续发展的监测系统，如可持续发展目标的全球指标框架，都包括一项关于职业伤害负担的指标。然而，这些系统中很少有关于与工作有关的疾病负担的指标。为了弥补这一差距，我们提出了一个全球性的新指标：按疾病、风险因素、性别和年龄组划分的可归因于选定职业风险因素的疾病死亡率。我们概述了该指标的政策依据，描述了其数据来源和计算方法，并报告和分析了 个国家/地区的官方指标。我们还提供了在国家工人健康监测系统中使用该指标的例子，并强调了该指标的优势和局限性。我们的结论是，将新指标纳入监测系统将提供更全面和准确的工人健康监测，并促进了全球、区域和国家监测系统之间的协调性。可以分析工人健康方面的不平等现象，并完善证据基础，以制定更有效的工人健康政策和制度。.В рамках целей в области устойчивого развития и других стратегий страны обязались защищать укреплять здоровье работников путем снижения бремени заболеваний, связанных с работой. Для мониторинга прогресса выполнении этих обязательств необходимо предоставить показатели, отражающие бремя работой, для здоровья развития. По оценкам Всемирной организации здравоохранения Международной труда, из смертей на производстве мире году только были вызваны травмами, тогда как заболеваниями. Большинство систем мониторинга, ориентированных или устойчивое развитие, таких глобальная система показателей развития, включают показатель нагрузки производственного травматизма. Однако лишь немногие такие системы имеют устранения этого пробела представлен новый глобальный показатель: уровень смертности от отдельными профессиональными факторами риска, разбивкой по заболеваниям, факторам полу возрастным группам. Мы излагаем обоснование показателя соответствии политикой организации, описываем источники данных методы его расчета, а также представляем отчет анализируем официальный странам. Также приведены примеры использования национальных системах работников, отмечены сильные слабые стороны показателя. пришли к выводу, что включение нового обеспечит более комплексное точное наблюдение за здоровьем позволит гармонизировать глобальные, региональные национальные мониторинга. Неравенство может быть проанализировано, доказательная база улучшена направлении эффективной политики работников.

Language: Английский

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The prevalences and levels of occupational exposure to dusts and/or fibres (silica, asbestos and coal): A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury

Environment International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 178, P. 107980 - 107980

Published: May 21, 2023

The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour (ILO) are developing joint estimates of work-related burden disease injury (WHO/ILO Joint Estimates), with contributions from a large number individual experts. Evidence human, animal mechanistic data suggests that occupational exposure to dusts and/or fibres (silica, asbestos coal dust) causes pneumoconiosis. In this paper, we present systematic review meta-analysis prevalences levels silica, dust. These will serve as input for estimating (if feasible) deaths disability-adjusted life years attributable dust, development WHO/ILO Estimates.We aimed systematically meta-analyse dust among working-age (≥ 15 years) workers.We searched electronic academic databases potentially relevant records published unpublished studies, including Ovid Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, CISDOC. We also grey literature databases, Internet search engines organizational websites; hand-searched reference lists previous reviews included study records; consulted additional experts.We workers in formal informal economy any WHO ILO Member State but excluded children (< unpaid domestic workers. all types objective or fibre measurements, between 1960 2018, directly indirectly reported an estimate prevalence level dust.At least two authors independently screened titles abstracts against eligibility criteria at first stage full texts eligible second stage, then were extracted qualifying studies. combined by industrial sector (ISIC-4 2-digit merging within Mining, Manufacturing Construction) using random-effects meta-analysis. Two more assessed risk bias available quality evidence, ROB-SPEO tool QoE-SPEO approach developed specifically Estimates.Eighty-eight studies (82 cross-sectional 6 longitudinal studies) met inclusion criteria, comprising > 2.4 million measurements covering 23 countries regions (Africa, Americas, Eastern Mediterranean, South-East Asia, Europe, Western Pacific). target population 88 was major ISCO groups 3 (Technicians Associate Professionals), (Skilled Agricultural, Forestry Fishery Workers), 7 (Craft Related Trades 8 (Plant Machine Operators Assemblers), 9 (Elementary Occupations), hereafter called manual Most performed Construction, Mining. For 65 (61 4 2.3 collected 22 six regions. asbestos, 18 (17 1 longitudinal) 20,000 eight five (no Africa). (all cross-sectional) 100,000 samples Mediterranean). Occupational personal stationary active filter sampling; silica gravimetric assessment followed technical analysis. Risk profiles varied bodies evidence looking well sectors. However, generally highest domain selection participants into largest related sectors Construction (ISIC 41-43), 20, 23-25, 27, 31-32) Mining 05, 07, 08). pooled 0.89 (95% CI 0.84 0.93, 17 I2 91%, moderate evidence) rated very low evidence. Manufacturing, 0.85 0.78 0.91, 24 100%, 0.75 0.68 0.82, 20 0.04 mg/m3 0.03 0.05, evidence). Smaller identified Crop production 01; both level); Professional, scientific activities 71, 74; Electricity, gas, steam air conditioning supply 35; level). 41, 43, 45,) 0.77 0.65 0.87, 99%, 13, 23-24, 29-30), being Other mining quarrying 08; Water supply, sewerage, waste management remediation 37; levels). lignite 05), 1.00 1.00, 16%, 0.86, three A small body 35); prevalence, 0.60 -6.95 8.14, one study, evidence).Overall, judged vary level. None population-based (i.e., covered entire workers' sector), which serious concern indirectness, except lignite. Selected considered suitable Estimates, selected may perhaps be estimation purposes. Protocol identifier: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.06.005. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018084131.

Language: Английский

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Association between the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) and arterial stiffness among health check-up population in Japan: a retrospective cross-sectional study

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Aim This study examined the association between metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), a novel surrogate indicator of resistance, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in Japanese health check participants. Methods A cross-sectional research was conducted involving individuals program medical screening at Medical Health Check-up Center Japan. The assessed connection METS-IR baPWV 912 participants who joined 3/1/2004 12/31/2012. Serum laboratory tests lifestyle surveys were covariates. Multivariate linear regression analysis subgroup analyses performed. Results involved this study. Adjusted age, sex, BMI, AST, UA, HDL, eGFR, ankle-brachial index (ABI), alcohol consumption, smoking status, multivariate showed that significant positive (adjusted β=15.3, 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.61~23.98) with as continuous variable. When converting to quartile categorical variables, higher indices had longer (Q3 vs Q1, β=86.14, CI: 23.45~148.83; Q4 β=125.41, 39.99~210.84). In analysis, associated people eGFR &gt; 60 ml/min β= 14.44, 5.61~23.26, P=0.001), none or light consumption β=16.92, 6.85~27, non-smokers β=15.48, 5.86~25.1, P=0.002), non-regular exercisers(adjusted β=17.34, 8.03~26.65, P&lt;0.001), non-fatty liver β=17.65, 5.92~29.39, P=0.003), non-hypertensive β=16.13, CI:8.45~23.8, P&lt;0.001). Conclusion are remarkably among check-up Gifu, As simple, easily calculated predictor arterial stiffness, could be considered primary care monitoring tool identify high risk cardiovascular disease order intervene early on factors. Future prospective, large-sample researches still needed confirm this.

Language: Английский

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Working hours of full-time hospital physicians in Japan: a cross-sectional nationwide survey

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Abstract Background The culture of excessively long overtime work in Japan has not been recently addressed. New legislation on working hours, including a limitation maximum for physicians, will be enforced 2024. This study was performed to elucidate the conditions full-time hospital physicians and discuss various policy implications. Methods A facility survey physician regarding physicians’ were conducted July 2022. sent all hospitals Japan, at half hospitals. asked report their hours from 11 17 In addition descriptive statistics, multivariate logistic regression analysis factors that lead conducted. Results total, 11,466 included analysis. Full-time worked 50.1 h per week. They spent 45.6 (90.9%) main 4.6 (9.1%) performing side work. 43.8 (87.5%) clinical 6.3 (12.5%) activities outside work, such as research, teaching, other activities. Neurosurgeons longest followed by surgeons emergency medicine physicians. 20.4% estimated exceed annual limit 960 h, 3.9% 1860 h. total 13.3% 2.0% exceeded this level only primary hospital, after excluding Logistic showed male, younger age, university areas practice with undergoing specialty training associated controlling factors. Conclusions With approaching application regulations certain reduction observed. However, many still longer than designated upper overtime. Work reform must further promoted streamlining task-shifting while securing functions education, supporting healthcare communities.

Language: Английский

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Imperceptible liquid metal based tattoo for Human-Machine interface on hairy skin

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 490, P. 151595 - 151595

Published: April 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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