A comprehensive review on the need for integrated strategies and process modifications for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) removal: Current insights and future prospects

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9, P. 100623 - 100623

Published: Jan. 14, 2024

Alarming concern over the persistence and toxicity of per- polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in environment has created an imperative need for designing redesigning strategies their detection remediation. Conventional PFAS removal technologies that uses physical, chemical, or biological methods. Increase diversity quantity entering necessitated developing more advanced integrated removal. Despite advances reported this domain, there exist a huge research gap to be mentored tackle problems associated with mitigation combined wide variety environment. The possibility combine other emerging contaminants poses additional threat existing treatment methods thereby stressing continuous monitoring updating processes. This review work aims at understanding structure, entry, fate different types Further in-depth discussion regarding levels is elaborated review. process description recent remediation techniques along significance, limitations integration discussed detail. detailed outlook on advantages insight into recently developed outlined

Language: Английский

---

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Food Packaging: Migration, Toxicity, and Management Strategies

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(13), P. 5670 - 5684

Published: March 19, 2024

PFASs are linked to serious health and environmental concerns. Among their widespread applications, known be used in food packaging directly contribute human exposure. However, information about is scattered. Therefore, we systematically map the evidence on detected migrates extracts of contact materials provide an overview available hazard biomonitoring data. Based FCCmigex database, 68 have been identified various materials, including paper, plastic, coated metal, by targeted untargeted analyses. 87% these belong perfluorocarboxylic acids fluorotelomer-based compounds. Trends chain length demonstrate that long-chain perfluoroalkyl continue found, despite years global efforts reduce use substances. We utilized ToxPi illustrate data for only 57% packaging. For those which toxicity testing has performed, many adverse outcomes reported. The knowledge gaps presented here support international proposals restrict as a group, protect health.

Language: Английский

---

Metabolic perturbations in pregnant rats exposed to low-dose perfluorooctanesulfonic acid: An integrated multi-omics analysis

Environment International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 173, P. 107851 - 107851

Published: Feb. 26, 2023

Emerging epidemiological evidence has linked per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure could be to the disturbance of gestational glucolipid metabolism, but toxicological mechanism is unclear, especially when at a low level. This study examined metabolic changes in pregnant rats treated with relatively dose perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) through oral gavage during pregnancy [gestational day (GD): 1–18]. We explored molecular mechanisms underlying perturbation. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) biochemical tests were performed assess homeostasis serum lipid profiles Sprague-Dawley (SD) randomly assigned starch, 0.03 0.3 mg/kg·bw·d groups. Transcriptome sequencing combined non-targeted metabolomic assays further identify differentially altered genes metabolites liver maternal rats, determine their correlation phenotypes. Results transcriptome showed that expressed PFOS related several pathways, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) signaling, ovarian steroid synthesis, arachidonic insulin resistance, cholesterol unsaturated fatty bile secretion. The untargeted metabolomics identified 164 158 differential groups, respectively under negative ion mode Electrospray Ionization (ESI-), which enriched pathways α-linolenic glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, glycerolipid glucagon signaling pathway, glycine, serine threonine metabolism. Co-enrichment analysis indicated may disturb metabolism glycerolipid, linoleic acid, biosynthesis, threonine. key involved included down-regulated Ppp1r3c Abcd2, up-regulated Ogdhland Ppp1r3g, increased glycerol 3-phosphate lactosylceramide identified. Both them significantly associated fasting blood (FBG) Our findings provide mechanistic clues for clarifying toxicity human, susceptible population women.

Language: Английский

---

An integrated assessment of ecological and human health risks of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances through toxicity prediction approaches

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 905, P. 167213 - 167213

Published: Sept. 18, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Internal relative potency factors based on immunotoxicity for the risk assessment of mixtures of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human biomonitoring

Environment International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 171, P. 107727 - 107727

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Relative potency factors (RPFs) for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have previously been derived based on liver effects in rodents the purpose of performing mixture risk assessment with primary input from biomonitoring studies. However, 2020, EFSA established a tolerable weekly intake four PFAS assuming equal toxic immune suppressive humans. In this study we explored possibility deriving RPFs using available data Lymphoid organ weights, differential blood cell counts, clinical chemistry 28-day studies male rats National Toxicology Program (NTP) were combined modeled serum concentrations to derive internal by applying dose–response modelling. Identified functional used diverse protocols not suitable derivation but support immunotoxicity qualitative manner. Furthermore, novel approach was estimate epidemiological curve fitting optimization, looking at antibody key populations Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Internal successfully rat thymus weight, spleen globulin concentration. The information counts did show significant trend. Immunotoxic determined order PFDA > PFNA PFHxA PFOS PFBS PFOA PFHxS. showed inverse associations sum PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS, mumps rubella, allow deduction reliable RPF estimates. decreased lymphoid weights are similar those increased strengthening confidence overall applicability these RPFs.

Language: Английский

---

Toxicokinetics of Chemical Mixture Exposure in the Environment

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Toxicokinetics is a significant subdivision of toxicology that examines the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion processes chemical mixtures. In addition to studying toxic effects these mixtures, toxicokinetics also investigates how living organisms respond them they disrupt internal external anatomy physiology organisms. Diverse techniques frameworks are employed examine The most dependable models methods for obtaining more accurate extrapolation outcomes encompass toxicity-driven exposure-driven approaches models. When properly developed, may accurately anticipate specific tissues, organs, organ systems adversely affected by combinations. Each or mixture has distinct mode action based on its structure, physical characteristics, properties. Consequently, several chemicals mixtures have been individually investigated determine their qualities toxicokinetics. This review provides information individual impacts such as organohalides, pesticides, insecticides, plasticizers, others. It covers combined which can either enhance each other (synergistic) counteract (antagonistic).

Language: Английский

---

Placental PFAS concentrations are associated with perturbations of placental DNA methylation

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 125737 - 125737

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Estimation of species- and sex-specific PFAS pharmacokinetics in mice, rats, and non-human primates using a Bayesian hierarchical methodology

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 117336 - 117336

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in mixtures show additive effects on transcriptomic points of departure in human liver spheroids

Toxicological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 194(1), P. 38 - 52

Published: May 17, 2023

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a wide range of chemicals that used in variety consumer industrial products leading to direct human exposure. Many PFAS chemically nonreactive persistent the environment, resulting additional exposure from water, soil, dietary intake. While some have documented negative health effects, data on simultaneous exposures multiple (PFAS mixtures) inadequate for making informed decisions risk assessment. The current study leverages previous work our group using Templated Oligo-Sequencing (TempO-Seq) high-throughput transcriptomic analysis PFAS-exposed primary liver cell spheroids; herein, we determine potency mixtures. Gene expression single mixture spheroids were subject benchmark concentration (BMC) analysis. We 25th lowest gene BMC as point departure compare potencies mixtures varying complexity composition. Specifically, empirical 8 compared predicted calculated principal addition (ie, dose addition) which component summed by proportion predict potency. In this study, most mixtures, comparable through addition. This supports effects largely follow response suggests these individual not strongly synergistic or antagonistic.

Language: Английский

---

Maternal and Neonatal Effects of Maternal Oral Exposure to Perfluoro-2-methoxyacetic Acid (PFMOAA) during Pregnancy and Early Lactation in the Sprague–Dawley Rat

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(2), P. 1064 - 1075

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Perfluoro-2-methoxyacetic acid (PFMOAA) is a short-chain perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic that has been detected at high concentrations (∼10 μg/L) in drinking water eastern North Carolina, USA, and human serum breastmilk China. Despite documented exposure there are almost no toxicity data available to inform risk assessment of PFMOAA. Here we exposed pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats range PFMOAA doses (10–450 mg/kg/d) via oral gavage from gestation day (GD) 8 postnatal (PND) 2 compared results those previously reported for perfluorooctanoic (PFOA) hexafluoropropylene oxide–dimer (HFPO–DA or GenX). Newborn pups displayed reduced birthweight (≥30 mg/kg), depleted liver glycogen (all doses), hypoglycemia (≥125 numerous significantly altered genes the associated with fatty glucose metabolism similar gene changes produced by HFPO–DA. Pup survival was ≥125 mg/kg, necropsy on PND2 both maternal neonatal animals increased weights, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), thyroid hormones all (≥10 mg/kg). Pups also highly elevated cholesterol doses. dose F1 were PFOA but considerably higher than We calculated 10% effect levels (ED10 EC10) relative potency factors (RPF; = index chemical) among three compounds based concentration (μM). Reduced pup glycogen, weights hormone (maternal pup) most sensitive end points modeled. ∼3–7-fold less potent RPFs, slightly more weights. developmental toxicant rat producing constellation adverse effects

Language: Английский

---