Emergence of concurrently transmissible mcr-9 and carbapenemase genes in bloodborne colistin-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex isolated from ICU patients in Kolkata, India

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

ABSTRACT Colistin resistance in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex (CR-ECC) infections has grown expeditiously but detecting the underlying mechanism of is often challenging clinical settings. This study, first its kind from India, determined mechanisms and characterized colistin-resistant hospital isolates. Twenty-nine bloodborne CR-ECC isolated ICU patients eight tertiary care hospitals Kolkata, India between 2022 2023 were screened for colistin resistance. The plasmid-encoded mcr -9 gene, acrAB-tolC efflux pump (EP) & phoP/Q, pmr A/B two-component system (TCS) involved examined. In addition, AMR gene profiling molecular subtypes -9-producing isolates also investigated. All study showed to ≥5 antimicrobial classes six (21%) them colistin-resistant. transferable by IncHI2-HI2A plasmid was detected both (67%) colistin-sensitive (4%) bla NDM-5 significantly ( P < 0.05) associated with co-harboring genes. A ≥8-fold increase minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) observed strain after induction. Overexpression acrA, ramA, soxS , pmrA/B genes found non- wild-type appeared be mediated part an active EP, regulatory TCS. typed into ST932, ST270, ST1997 MLST. Heterogeneity (29 pulsotypes; 48.40% similarity coefficient) among circulating revealed PFGE. Robust monitoring -sensitive strains warranted curb menace nosocomial pathogens. IMPORTANCE Carbapenem-resistant become a global pathogen last few years. Colistin, “last resort antibiotic,” being widely used treatment and, consequently, there been brisk rise necessitated dearth comprehensive investigation India. notorious plasmid-borne mcr-9 along phoP/Q-pmr mediate Interestingly, discovered MIC under pressure. Diverse phylogenetic clones novel sequence types detected. highlights necessity intense conjunction existing epidemic harboring diverse arrays transmissible

Language: Английский

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Emerging Mobile Colistin Resistance Gene Mcr-1 and Mcr-10 in Enterobacteriaceae Isolates From Urban Sewage in China

Infection and Drug Resistance, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 1035 - 1048

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and dissemination of mcr-positive Enterobacteriaceae in urban sewage Yangzhou, China. A total 366 samples were collected from Yangzhou Wastewater Treatment Plant Jiangsu Province. Colistin-resistant was identified through PCR targeting mcr-1 mcr-10 genes. The isolates underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing, whole-genome sequencing performed analyze their genomic features. Additionally, conjugation experiments conducted assess transferability plasmids. Three identified, representing an isolation rate 0.82%. These included one mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli (ST167) two mcr-10-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae complex strains with novel sequence types ST6801 ST6825. gene located on IncI2 plasmid (pYZ22WS208_3) successfully transferred recipient strains. In contrast, carried IncF plasmids (pYZ22WS067_1 pYZ22WS223_1) but not transferable this study. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that E. strain clustered within Clade II, alongside various countries sources. Phylogenomic showed sporadic distribution across 13 countries, associations diverse hosts environments, indicating potential for widespread transmission. demonstrates presence wastewater, emphasizing importance wastewater surveillance tracking antibiotic resistance. horizontal transfer spread underscore need ongoing monitoring preventive measures.

Language: Английский

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Insertion sequences in mgrB and mutations in two-component system genes confer high polymyxin resistance to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex strains

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 17, 2025

Due to the complexity of identifying Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) at species level, little is known about distribution carbapenem-resistant ECC (CRECC). Plasmid-mediated mcr family genes are significant contributors polymyxin resistance. The emergence mcr-9 gene has further complicated landscape resistance in CRECC. Our study aimed ascertain prevalence CRECC and gene, elucidate mechanisms underlying high-level B (PB). In this study, we collected 212 non-replicating strains, 38 strains (17.9%, 38/212) hormaechei (71.1%, 27/38) as predominant endemic strains. Among these, 10 (36.3%, 10/38) were found harbor gene. Interestingly, presence did not significantly impact PB or impose a fitness cost. While overexpression can enhance within certain range may incur costs, it does result 17 was notably increased (from 16 128 mg/L), accompanied by mutations phoP/Q mgrB genes. Notably, two novel insertion sequences, IS5D IS1X2, discovered inactivation results loss its negative regulatory effect on two-component system. Protein structure predictions indicated that phoQ primarily affect phosphatase (HAMP) histidine kinase domains. This research expands our comprehension complexities resistance, highlighting multifactorial nature antibiotic mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Identification of pandemic ST147, ESBL-type β-lactamases, carbapenemases, and virulence factors in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from southern Peru

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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Colistin Resistance Mechanisms and Molecular Epidemiology of Enterobacter cloacae Complex Isolated from a Tertiary Hospital in Shandong, China

Infection and Drug Resistance, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 17, P. 3723 - 3735

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

complex (ECC), which includes major nosocomial pathogens, causes urinary, respiratory, and bloodstream infections in humans, for colistin is one of the last-line drugs.

Language: Английский

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Investigation of the Resistance of Klebsiella Bacteria to Antibiotics and the Synthesis of Virulence Factors Isolated from Various Pathogenic Infections

Journal La Lifesci, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. 295 - 310

Published: Aug. 16, 2024

In this study,75 clinical samples, including 32 samples of wounds, fifteen burn 17 sputum and eleven urine were collected from patients afflicted with different infections some hospitals in Baghdad city, during the period October to March 2023. It was found that 22 isolates Klebsiella pneumonia after culturing on MacConkey agar, blood Eosin methylene blue medium, addition studying morphologic appearance, biochemical tests, confirmation diagnosis using VITEKA2 system. The antibiotic sensitivity test showed all (100%) multi-drug resistance 7 antibiotics Cefotaxime, Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, Gentamicin, Rifampicin, while most sensitive Azithromycin. investigation certain virulence factors bacteria revealed encased a capsule incapable producing hemolysin enzyme, but they able produce urease enzyme form biofilm. produced bacteriocin at rate 12%.

Language: Английский

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Analyzing Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria from Wastewater in Pakistan Using Whole-Genome Sequencing

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 937 - 937

Published: Oct. 4, 2024

Background: Wastewater is a major source of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (ARB) and hotspot for the exchange Genes (ARGs). The occurrence Carbapenem-Resistant (CRB) in wastewater samples public health concern. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze Antibiotic resistance bacteria from sources Pakistan. Methods: We analyzed 32 bacterial isolates, including 18 Escherichia coli, 4 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 10 other isolates using phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility assay whole-genome sequencing. identified ARGs, plasmid replicons, integron genes cassettes sequenced isolates. One representative isolate was further Illumina Oxford nanopore sequencing technologies. Results: Our findings revealed high clinically important antibiotics: 91% were resistant cefotaxime, 75% ciprofloxacin, 62.5% imipenem, while 31% showed non-susceptibility gentamicin. All E. coli cephalosporins, with 72% also carbapenems. Sequence analysis diverse resistome, carbapenamases (blaNDM-5, blaOXA-181), ESBLs (blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM), AmpC-type β-lactamases (blaCMY). Key point mutations noticed pmrB_Y358N (colistin) ftsI_N337NYRIN, ftsI_I336IKYRI (carbapenem). had 11 different STs, ST410 predominating (28%). Notably, phylogroup A 45EC1, (ST10886) reported first time wastewater, carrying blaNDM-5, blaCMY-16, class 1 gene cassette dfrA12-aadA2-qacEΔ1 on plasmid-borne contig. Other carbapenamase, blaNDM-1 blaOXA-72, detected K. pneumoniae 22EB1 Acinetobacter baumannii 51AC1, respectively. integrons encoding resistance, transport mobilization protein, Ten replicons identified, IncFIB prevalent 53% Combined blaNDM-5 an IncFIA/IncFIC identical those USA, Myanmar, Tanzania. Conclusions: These highlight environmental prevalence high-risk WHO-priority pathogens underscoring need Health approach mitigate ARB

Language: Английский

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Comparative Properties of Helical and Linear Amphipathicity of Peptides Composed of Arginine, Tryptophan, and Valine

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 954 - 954

Published: Oct. 11, 2024

The persistence of antibiotic resistance has incited a strong interest in the discovery agents with novel antimicrobial mechanisms. direct killing multidrug-resistant bacteria by cationic peptides (AMPs) underscores their importance fight against infections associated resistance. Despite vast body AMP literature demonstrating plurality structural classes, engineering been largely skewed toward idealized amphipathic helices (H-amphipathic). In contrast to helical amphipathicity, we designed series that display motifs primary structure. We previously developed rational framework for designing libraries H-amphipathic consisting Arg, Trp, and Val (H-RWV, confirmed helicity up 88% presence membrane lipids) tested most common MDR organisms.

Language: Английский

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A systematic review and meta-analysis of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in West Africa

BMC Medical Genomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Nov. 12, 2024

In Africa, the problem of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is aggravated by many factors. This systematic review attempted to describe current status molecular epidemiology carbapenem resistance in West Africa (WA). Articles published from 16 African countries on were reviewed. An extensive literature search was carried out PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, and Journals Online (AJOL) using specific keywords. The meta-analysis forest plots major pathogens genes done Open Meta-Analyst, Task Order # 2 software. data analysed binary random model effects DerSimonian-Laird method at a 95% confidence interval. Of 431 articles found our initial search, 60 (13.92%) considered suitable for inclusion. Only seven formed part analysis, Nigeria (23/60), Ghana (19/60), Burkina Faso (7/60), Senegal (6/60), Benin (2/60), Mali Togo (1/60). Also, 80% (48/60) studies used clinical samples, 16.67% (10/60) environmental 3.33% (2/60) animal samples. average prevalence highest Acinetobacter baumannii (18.6%; CI = 14.0-24.6, I2 97.9%, p < 0.001), followed Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6.5%; 3.1–13.4, 96.52%, Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.8%; 4.2–7.9, 98.06%, 0.001) Escherichia coli (4.1%; 2.2–7.7, 96.68%, 0.001). blaNDM gene 10.6% (95% 7.9–14.3, 98.2%, 3.9% CI: 1.8–8.3, 96.73%, blaVIM 3.1% 1.7–5.8, 91.69%, blaOXA-48. K. pneumoniae, E. coli, A. baumannii, P. are main CRE with blaNDM, blaVIM, blaOXA-48 being predominant genes. view these results, ongoing surveillance combined antimicrobial stewardship improved, laboratory detection methods, adherence infection control practices will be needed spread CRE.

Language: Английский

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