Characterization of Chemical Additives in Daily Clothing Regarding Human Exposure and Environmental Emissions

Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(6), P. 619 - 625

Published: May 17, 2024

Despite the ubiquitous use of textiles, chemical additives used in textile manufacturing, their human exposure, and environmental release have been largely overlooked. Herein, we screened for numerous additives, including synthetic antioxidants, organophosphate esters, phthalate detecting 93 98 chemicals 78 items clothing (sum concentration: 328 to 2.51 × 105 ng/g, median: 2.77 104 ng/g). Compared with esters significantly high concentrations antioxidants (median: ng/g) were found clothes both children adults. Different compositions observed between cotton artificial fabrics, 3 times higher than Dermal contact via sweaty may be a major exposure pathway 2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenol (contributing 39.1% total exposure); thus, it is recommended avoid rewearing minimize exposure. Additionally, emissions through laundry wastewater estimated at 11.2 tons/year China. The discharge 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-benzoquinone contributed 20.4% input into treatment plants China, indicating non-negligible source this chemical. This work provides comprehensive evidence unwanted underscores necessity continuous monitoring risks associated products.

Language: Английский

---

Comparative toxic effect of tire wear particle-derived compounds 6PPD and 6PPD-quinone to Chlorella vulgaris

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 951, P. 175592 - 175592

Published: Aug. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Elucidating the size distribution of p‑Phenylenediamine-Derived quinones in atmospheric particles

Environment International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 197, P. 109329 - 109329

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Transformed from p-phenylenediamines (PPDs) antioxidant, PPD-derived quinones (PPD-Qs) have recently been recognized as emerging contaminants due to their potential negative impacts on the environment and human health. While there measurements of airborne PPD-Qs, size distribution PPD-Qs impact particle PPD transformation chemistry remain largely unknown. Here, through atmospheric particles in three megacities China (Beijing, Xi'an, Hefei), we find that are widely distributed these cities. Further analysis size-fractioned Hefei indicates 48 % reside coarse particles. Given previous studies mainly focus measurement fine particles, previously reported PPD-Q concentrations corresponding exposure dosages likely be significantly underestimated. Furthermore, ratio concentration (PPD-Q/PPD) for with range 0.056 - 0.1 μm is up 3 times higher than 10 18 μm, highlighting key role determining oxidation reactivity PPDs. Model simulations reveal a size-dependent pattern estimated particulate body. In addition, also demonstrate can induce formation cellular reactive oxygen species, suggesting they may pose risks Overall, our results emphasize importance considering effect when evaluating reaction risk PPD-Qs.

Language: Английский

---

Associations of Human Exposure to 6PPD and 6PPDQ with Colorectal Cancer: A Mixture Analysis

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 126114 - 126114

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Phytotoxicity of 6PPD and its oxidized product 6PPD‐Q on pakchoi (Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis)

Land Degradation and Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(15), P. 4596 - 4606

Published: July 24, 2024

Abstract N‐(1,3‐dimethylbutyl)‐N′‐phenyl‐p‐phenylenediamine (6PPD) and N‐(1,3‐Dimethylbutyl)‐N′‐phenyl‐p‐phenylenediamine‐quinone (6PPD‐Q) are the derivatives of tire wear particles (TWPs) that can enter agricultural environment. Their negative consequences on environment remain unknown, particularly their toxic effects edible plants. In this experiment, toxicity different concentrations 6PPD 6PPD‐Q pakchoi ( Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis ) was explored by hydroponics. The results revealed seed germination inhibited to various degrees. However, we observed an increase in fresh weight seedling. Environmental concentration (1 μg L −1 significantly increased ROS levels caused changes antioxidant enzyme activities. MDA content elevated under treatment, indicating severe oxidative damage. These demonstrated phytotoxicity induced 6PPD‐Q, which is great significance for assessing potential ecological risks

Language: Английский

---

Characterizing the Metabolism of Tire Rubber-Derived p-Phenylenediamine Quinones to Identify Potential Exposure Biomarkers in Humans

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 5, 2024

There is growing evidence of the frequent detection tire rubber-derived contaminants

Language: Английский

---

p-AAB/MXene as a novel adsorbent and SALDI matrix for highly efficient enrichment and rapid MS detection of emerging environmental organic pollutants in beverages and PM2.5

Journal of Chromatography A, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 1745, P. 465759 - 465759

Published: Feb. 8, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Child exposure to N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) and its derived quinone (6PPDQ) in e-waste areas: Urinary concentrations, sources, and health effect assessment

Journal of Environmental Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 153, P. 217 - 228

Published: July 27, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Environmental occurrence, fate, human exposure, and human health risks of p-phenylenediamines and their quinones

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 957, P. 177742 - 177742

Published: Nov. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

---