Why conservation biology can benefit from sensory ecology

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 4(4), P. 502 - 511

Published: March 16, 2020

Language: Английский

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Exposure to Artificial Light at Night and the Consequences for Flora, Fauna, and Ecosystems

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Nov. 16, 2020

The present review draws together wide-ranging studies performed over the last decades that catalogue effects of artificial-light-at-night (ALAN) upon living species and their environment. We provide an overview tremendous variety light-detection strategies which have evolved in organisms - unicellular, plants animals, covering chloroplasts (plants), plethora ocular extra-ocular organs (animals). describe visual pigments permit photo-detection, paying attention to spectral characteristics, extend from ultraviolet into infrared. discuss how use light information a way crucial for development, growth survival: phototropism, phototaxis, photoperiodism, synchronization circadian clocks. These aspects are treated depth, as perturbation underlies much disruptive ALAN. goes detail on networks organisms, since these fundamental features critical importance regulating interface between environment body. Especially, hormonal synthesis secretion often under circannual control, hence clock will lead imbalance. addresses ubiquitous introduction light-emitting diode technology may exacerbate, or some cases reduce, generalized ever-increasing pollution. Numerous examples given widespread exposure ALAN is perturbing many plant animal behaviour foraging, orientation, migration, seasonal reproduction, colonization more. examine potential problems at level individual populations debate consequences ecosystems. stress, through few examples, synergistic harmful resulting impacts combined with other anthropogenic pressures, impact neuroendocrine loops vertebrates. article concludes by debating changes could be mitigated more reasonable available example restricting illumination essential areas hours, directing lighting avoid wasteful radiation selecting emissions, reduce end discussing society should take account potentially major has natural world repercussions ongoing human health welfare.

Language: Английский

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11 Pressing Research Questions on How Light Pollution Affects Biodiversity

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Dec. 8, 2021

Artificial light at night (ALAN) is closely associated with modern societies and rapidly increasing worldwide. A dynamically growing body of literature shows that ALAN poses a serious threat to all levels biodiversity—from genes ecosystems. Many “unknowns” remain be addressed however, before we fully understand the impact on biodiversity can design effective mitigation measures. Here, distilled findings workshop effects first World Biodiversity Forum in Davos attended by several major research groups field from across globe. We argue 11 pressing questions have answered find ways reduce biodiversity. The address fundamental knowledge gaps, ranging basic challenges how standardize measurements, through multi-level impacts biodiversity, opportunities for more sustainable use.

Language: Английский

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Warning on nine pollutants and their effects on avian communities

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 32, P. e01898 - e01898

Published: Oct. 29, 2021

Anthropogenic pollution is increasingly pervasive throughout all ecosystems worldwide. In recent years, negative consequences on many taxa, such as birds, have been observed. We reviewed the impacts of some most common anthropogenic pollutants including light, noise, polluted air, heavy metals, radioactive compounds, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, oil, and plastic pollution. conducted a bibliometric analysis scientific publications between 2000 2020. found 1872 for nine categories pollutants. described wide range impacts, from direct mortality to sublethal effects, fitness reduction. Interactions these exist, they can exceed effects by themselves. Despite this, interactions are still understudied require more targeted research efforts. Threats avian species anthropic increasing over time, making mitigation measures high priority preservation species. This review be used baseline conservationists decision-makers understand various scopes threats that bird facing.

Language: Английский

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Artificial night light and anthropogenic noise interact to influence bird abundance over a continental scale

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(17), P. 3987 - 4004

Published: June 10, 2021

Abstract The extent of artificial night light and anthropogenic noise (i.e., “light” “noise”) impacts is global has the capacity to threaten species across diverse ecosystems. Existing research involving or primarily focused on alone single species; however, these stimuli often co‐occur little known about how co‐exposure influences wildlife if why may vary in their responses. Here, we had three aims: (1) investigate species‐specific responses light, noise, interaction between two using a spatially explicit approach model changes abundance 140 prevalent bird North America, (2) exposure length, (3) identify functional traits habitat affiliations that explain variation sensory with phylogenetically informed models. We found responded generally decreased abundance, additional presence interacted synergistically exacerbate its negative effects. Moreover, revealed emergent for several only reacted when co‐occurred. Additionally, an length 47 increased during longer nights. In addition modifying behavior optimal temperature potential foraging opportunities, birds might be attracted yet suffer inadvertent physiological consequences. trait most strongly related avian response was affiliation. Specifically, occupy closed were less tolerant both stressors compared those open habitat. Further quantifying contexts intrinsic respond will fundamental understanding ecological consequences world ever louder brighter.

Language: Английский

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Light at Night and Disrupted Circadian Rhythms Alter Physiology and Behavior

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 61(3), P. 1160 - 1169

Published: March 30, 2021

Abstract Life on earth has evolved during the past several billion years under relatively bright days and dark nights. Virtually all organisms planet display an internal representation of solar in form circadian rhythms driven by biological clocks. Nearly every aspect physiology behavior is mediated these The widespread adoption electric lights century exposed animals, including humans, to significant light at night (LAN) for first time our evolutionary history. Importantly, endogenous clocks depend synchronization with external daily environment. Thus, LAN can derange temporal adaptations. Indeed, disruption natural light–dark cycles results physiological behavioral changes. In this review, we highlight recent evidence demonstrating how exposure have serious implications adaptive behavior, immune, endocrine, metabolic function, as well reproductive, foraging, migratory behavior. Lastly, strategies mitigate consequences will be considered.

Language: Английский

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A plea for a worldwide development of dark infrastructure for biodiversity – Practical examples and ways to go forward

Landscape and Urban Planning, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 219, P. 104332 - 104332

Published: Dec. 15, 2021

Artificial light at night (ALAN) has been massively deployed worldwide and become a major environmental pressure for biodiversity, especially contributing to habitat loss landscape fragmentation. To mitigate these latter, green blue infrastructure policies have developed throughout the world based on concept of ecological networks, set suitable interconnected habitats. However, currently, nature conservation hardly consider adverse effects ALAN. Here, we promote integration darkness quality within 'green infrastructure', implement 'dark infrastructure'. Dark should be identified, preserved restored different territorial levels guarantee continuities where its rhythms are as natural possible. For this purpose, propose an operational 4-steps process that includes 1) Mapping pollution in all forms dimensions relation 2) Identifying dark starting or not from already identified green/blue infrastructure, 3) Planning actions preserve restore by prioritizing lighting sobriety only energy saving, 4) Assessing effectiveness with appropriate indicators. projects created (for example France Switzerland) can serve case studies both urban areas. The deployment raises many methodological questions stresses some knowledge gaps still need addressed, such exhaustive mapping characterization sensitivity thresholds model species.

Language: Английский

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A Systematic Review for Establishing Relevant Environmental Parameters for Urban Lighting: Translating Research into Practice

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 1107 - 1107

Published: Jan. 19, 2022

The application of lighting technologies developed in the 20th century has increased brightness and changed spectral composition nocturnal night-time habitats night skies across urban, peri-urban, rural, pristine landscapes, subsequently, researchers have observed disturbance biological rhythms flora fauna. To reduce these impacts, it is essential to translate relevant knowledge about potential adverse effects artificial light at (ALAN) from research into applicable urban practice. Therefore, aim this paper identify report, via a systematic review, exposure different physical properties sources on various organism groups, including plants, arthropods, insects, spiders, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, non-human mammals (including bats, rodents, primates). PRISMA 2020 guidelines were used total 1417 studies Web Science PubMed. In 216 studies, diverse behavioral physiological responses taxa when organisms exposed ALAN. showed that dependent high illuminance levels, duration exposure, unnatural color spectra also highlighted where gaps remain domains ALAN avoid misinterpretation, define common language, key terminologies definitions connected natural been provided. Furthermore, impacts urgently need be better researched, understood, managed for development future standards optimize sustainable design applications preserve environment(s) their inhabiting

Language: Английский

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Anthropogenic changes to the nighttime environment

BioScience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 73(4), P. 280 - 290

Published: April 1, 2023

How the relative impacts of anthropogenic pressures on natural environment vary between different taxonomic groups, habitats, and geographic regions is increasingly well established. By contrast, times day at which those are most forcefully exerted or have greatest influence not understood. The impact nighttime bears particular scrutiny, given that for practical reasons (e.g., researchers themselves belong to a diurnal species), studies conducted during daytime organisms predominantly active in ways do differentiate nighttime. In present article, we synthesize current state knowledge environment, highlighting key findings examples. evidence available suggests under intense stress across increasing areas world, especially from pollution, climate change, overexploitation resources.

Language: Английский

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Anthropogenic noise and light pollution additively affect sleep behaviour in free-living birds in sex- and season-dependent fashions

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 316, P. 120426 - 120426

Published: Oct. 20, 2022

Language: Английский

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