Effects of short‐term multi‐pollutant exposure on the oxidative stress status of captive songbirds

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 19, 2025

Abstract The human influence on Earth's ecosystems is omnipresent. Artificial light at night (ALAN), anthropogenic noise, and air pollution are inherent features of activities infrastructure pose novel environmental challenges to urban‐dwelling wildlife. So far, most the studies investigating impacts exposure urban pollutants animals have either investigated effects environments per se or single pollutants. However, co‐occur, interactive may arise when acting in combination, but we lack a deeper understanding combined exposures. Here, experimentally exposed captive zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata full‐factorial design increased levels ALAN, noise and/or soot measured oxidative stress status blood before after 5‐day exposure. We found that ALAN led positive synergistic effect (higher than sum individual effects) antioxidant glutathione negative (lower damage, as concentration reactive oxygen metabolites. Soot had no avian immediately exposure, neither singly nor combination with other To conclude, our results indicate stressors can complex non‐additive short‐term Surprisingly, leads stronger response seems prevent damage only one stressors. Whether defence entails any long‐term costs remains be determined future studies. Read free Plain Language Summary for this article Journal blog.

Language: Английский

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Artificial light at night and anthropogenic noise alter the foraging activity and structure of vertebrate communities

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 805, P. 150223 - 150223

Published: Sept. 9, 2021

Light and noise pollution from human activity are increasing at a dramatic rate. These sensory stimuli can have wide range of effects on animal behavior, reproductive success, physiology. However, less is known about the functional community-level consequences these pollutants, especially when they co-occur. Using camera traps in manipulative field experiment, we studied anthropogenic light noise, singularly tandem, richness community turnover both taxa group level as well foraging activity. We showed that did alter taxonomic differ depending scale observation. Increases levels had negative effect camera-level scale, but light-treated sites highest pooled (i.e., cumulative) all treatment types. In contrast, was found to cumulative richness; however, were present, addition night-lighting mitigated noise. Artificial moonlight strongest influence turnover, results remained consistent level. Additionally, increases ambient moonlight, not artificial light, reduced Our study provides evidence alterations environment composition communities be scale-dependent also behavior. Unexpectedly, may richness. This highlights importance researching co-exposure globally common pollutants.

Language: Английский

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Endocrine responses to environmental variation

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 379(1898)

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Hormones regulate most physiological functions and life history from embryonic development to reproduction. In addition their roles in growth development, hormones also mediate responses the abiotic, social nutritional environments. Hormone signalling is responsive environmental changes adjust phenotypes prevailing conditions. Both hormone levels receptor densities can change provide a flexible system of regulation. Endocrine flexibility connects environment organismal function, it central understanding impacts effect on individuals populations. may act as 'sensor' link signals epigenetic processes thereby phenotypic plasticity within across generations. Many parameters are now changing unprecedented ways result human activity. The knowledge base organism-environmental interactions was established environments that differ many current conditions ongoing impacts. It an urgent contemporary challenge understand how evolved endocrine will modulate response anthropogenic including climate change, light-at-night chemical pollution. play role ecology, integration into conservation lead more effective outcomes. This article part theme issue 'Endocrine variation: conceptual approaches recent developments'.

Language: Английский

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Size in the city: morphological differences between city and forest great tits have a genetic basis

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Abstract Animals living in cities are smaller than their conspecifics from rural areas but whether such differences caused by genetic or food constraints remains untested. We performed a multi-generation common garden study where we raised great tits ( Parus major ), originating eggs collected multiple Dutch and forests under the same conditions for two generations. Offspring city birds had tarsus forest both generations, demonstrating that these morphological genetic. Next, tested size an adaptation to low abundance when offspring city. Third generation of origins were given amounts mimicking being during second part nestling development. While treatment resulted lower feeding frequency be smaller, responded way, suggesting do not cope better with reduced availability. Our shows urban has basis is only plastic response restricted resources environment. experiment does provide evidence have evolved as adaptive availability cities.

Language: Английский

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Size in the city: morphological differences between city and forest great tits have a genetic basis

Evolution Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 6, 2025

Abstract Animals living in cities are smaller than their conspecifics from rural areas but whether such differences caused by genetic or food constraints remains untested. We performed a multi-generation common garden study where we raised great tits (Parus major), originating eggs collected multiple Dutch and forests under the same conditions for two generations. Offspring city birds had tarsus forest both generations, demonstrating that these morphological genetic. Next, tested size an adaptation to low abundance when offspring city. Third-generation of origins were given amounts mimicking being during second part nestling development. While treatment resulted lower feeding frequency be smaller, responded way, suggesting do not cope better with reduced availability. Our shows urban has basis is only plastic response restricted resources environment. experiment does provide evidence have evolved as adaptive availability cities.

Language: Английский

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