Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
58(28), P. 12400 - 12408
Published: July 5, 2024
Liquid
crystal
monomers
(LCMs)
are
biphenyl-
or
cyclohexane-based
organic
chemicals
used
in
electronic
digital
displays,
and
several
of
them
possess
bioaccumulative
toxic
properties.
Little
is
known
about
their
occurrence
indoor
dust
from
the
United
States.
We
analyzed
60
LCMs
104
residential
samples
collected
16
states
across
Forty-seven
were
detected
at
a
median
∑LCM
concentration
402
ng/g
(range:
not
to
4300
ng/g).
Trans-4-propylcyclohexyl
trans,trans-4'-propylbicyclohexyl-4-carboxylate
(MPVBC)
(trans,trans)-4-fluorophenyl
4'-pentyl-[1,1'-bi(cyclohexane)]-4-carboxylate
(FPeBC)
frequently
samples.
investigated
potential
sources
by
determining
concentrations
profiles
these
smartphone
screens,
desktop
laptop
computer
monitors,
displays
other
devices
found
that
smartphones
matched
closely
with
those
dust.
The
calculated
daily
intake
through
ingestion
was
1.19
ng/kg
bw/d
for
children,
whereas
dermal
absorption
0.18
adults
Environment International,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
180, P. 108212 - 108212
Published: Sept. 18, 2023
Indoor
dust
contaminated
with
liquid
crystal
monomers
(LCMs)
released
from
various
commercial
display
(LCD)
screens
may
pose
environmental
health
risks
to
humans.
This
study
aimed
investigate
the
occurrence
of
64
LCMs
in
ventilation
and
air
conditioning
filters
(VACF)
dust,
characterize
their
composition
profiles,
potential
sources,
associations
indoor
characteristics,
assess
vitro
toxicity
using
human
lung
bronchial
epithelial
cells
(BEAS-2B).
A
total
31
concentrations
(ΣLCMs)
ranging
43.7
ng/g
448
were
detected
collected
VACF
dust.
Additional
analysis
revealed
interactions
between
conditions
exposure
associated
The
service
area
working
time
system,
number
LCD
positively
correlated
fluorinated
ΣLCMs
(r
=
0.355
∼
0.511,
p
<
0.05),
while
non-fluorinated
not
found
(p
>
suggesting
different
behavior
fates
environment.
Four
main
sources
(i.e.,
computer
(37.1%),
television
(28.3%),
Brand
smartphone
(21.2%)
S
(13.4%))
identified
by
positive
matrix
factorization-multiple
linear
regression
(PMF-MLR).
Exposure
14
relatively
frequently
LCMs,
individually
mixture,
induced
significant
oxidative
stress
BEAS-2B
cells.
Among
them,
specifically
3cH2B
MeP3bcH,
caused
dominant
decreased
cell
viability.
provides
new
insights
into
pollution
due
daily
use
electronic
devices.
Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
6, P. 51 - 64
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Liquid
crystal
monomers
(LCMs)
are
synthetic
organic
chemicals
widely
used
in
the
manufacture
of
liquid
displays
(LCDs)
digital
electronic
devices.
As
human
interactions
with
electronics
like
computers
and
cell
phones
intensify,
exposure
to
LCMs
is
concern.
Nevertheless,
there
limited
research
on
occurrence
biological
non-biological
matrices.
We
developed
a
method
determine
60
electronic-waste
panels,
indoor
dust,
feces,
urine
using
gas
chromatography–mass
spectrometry
(GC–MS).
Solid
matrices
(i.e.,
dust
feces)
were
extracted
solid-liquid
extraction
(SLE)
whereas
urine)
solid
phase
(SPE).
Indoor
feces
extracts
purified
by
passage
through
silica
gel
packed
gravity
columns.
The
instrument
limits
detection
(LODs)
quantification
(LOQs)
ranges
0.05–13.0
0.18–39.1
ng/mL,
respectively.
Recoveries
all
target
analytes
fortified
at
concentrations
10
100
ng/mL
LCD
range
71.1–130%,
standard
deviations
0.01–33%.
Repeated
analyses
similarly
samples
yielded
intra-day
inter-day
variations
(CV)
0.32–12.6%
0.76–14.3%,
Matrix
effects,
calculated
from
matrices,
ranged
−28.5%
28.5%.
was
applied
analysis
dog
urine,
which
found
contain
22,
42,
46,
18
targeted
LCMs,
panels
(∑LCM
=
1780
±
165
ng/cm2
for
desktop
computer
monitors;
166,900
80,100
smartphone
screens),
2030
1260
ng/g),
1990
2000
ng/g
dw),
24.0
14.6
ng/mL).
can
be
wide
environmental
samples.
Plant Biotechnology Journal,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 11, 2025
Summary
Liquid
crystal
monomers
(LCMs),
the
integral
components
in
manufacture
of
digital
displays,
have
engendered
environmental
concerns
due
to
extensive
utilization
and
intensive
emission.
Despite
their
prevalence
ecotoxicity,
LCM
impacts
on
plant
growth
agricultural
yield
remain
inadequately
understood.
In
this
study,
we
investigated
specific
response
mechanisms
tobacco,
a
pivotal
crop
model
plant,
four
representative
LCMs
(2OdF3B,
5CB,
4PiMeOP,
2BzoCP)
through
integrative
molecular
physiological
approaches.
The
findings
reveal
impacts,
with
4PiMeOP
exerting
most
pronounced
effects,
followed
by
2BzoCP,
2OdF3B.
exposure
disrupts
photosynthetic
apparatus,
exacerbating
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
levels
leaves,
which
turn
triggers
upregulation
antioxidative
enzymes
synthesis
antioxidant
substances.
Additionally,
strongly
stimulate
expression
genes
involved
abscisic
acid
(ABA)
biosynthesis
signalling
pathways.
AI‐assisted
meta‐analysis
implicates
ABA
as
critical
regulator
tobacco
LCMs.
Notably,
exogenous
application
alleviates
LCM‐induced
toxicities,
highlighting
role
stress
amelioration.
Our
study
provides
novel
insights
into
toxicity
tolerance
plants,
shedding
light
both
harmful
effects
ecosystems
potential
adaptation
responses.
This
is
crucial
develop
sustainable
systems
reducing
negative
caused
emerging
organic
pollutants.
